cultural and Agricultural Society; and James F. Bryant, President of the Regina Food Production Association, Saskatchewan. Numerous manufacturing concerns and individuals in Canada also applied to the Commission for literature and information to help them in the garden work. Posters, garden and canning booklets and other helpful material was furnished for distribution to arouse the interest of the Canadian "soldiers of the soil." The daily papers also have been printing garden

lessons and other articles sent to them by the National War Garden Commission.

In many other foreign countries, also, the war garden idea is being spread and the call to make "Every Garden a Munition Plant" is being sounded. Stories of what the United States is accomplishing through the cultivation of back yards and vacant lots everywhere, have appeared in the newspapers of many European, South and Central American, Australian and other foreign papers, as well as in the foreign-language newspapers of this country. Reproductions have been made of the famous posters which have been widely distributed by the Commission. The Diario de la Marina, of Havana, Cuba, for instance, devoted almost the entire front page of its issue one day recently to the beautiful and striking poster drawn for the Commission by James Montgomery Flagg, bearing the message: "Sow the Seeds of Victory." This poster, as well as the one entitled: "Can Vegetables and Can the Kaiser, Too," by the Bel

gian soldier-artist, Verrees, have attracted worldwide attention and been frequently copied as well as displayed in public buildings, libraries and other prominent places.

This international binding of the nations together through the home production of food in war gardens scattered in city, town and hamlet everywhere, has assumed another phase. It has been emphasized by the fact that the soldiers of the American army, along with those of France, England and some of the other Allies, have started to help feed themselves. In real "war gardens" they are growing a considerable part of their own rations.

Inauguration of this plan of raising "Food F. O. B. the Mess Tent Door" was made at Camp Dix, that city of 48,000 soldiers at Wrightstown, New Jersey. There the boys who are preparing to meet the enemy on the battlefields of France, have begun to attack him also with the garden hoe. In a war garden which covers almost 400 acres of land they are producing large quantities of vegetables and greens for camp consumption. A fine example in patriotism has been furnished by these men who have shown their eagerness to do anything to help win the war. Responding to the message from Pershing, their great leader in France, to "Keep the Food Coming," they have gone into the garden trenches with the same fine enthusiasm that they are ready to show in going "over the top" after the Boche.

Cooperating with the quartermaster's department of the army, the

National War Garden Commission made possible the beginning of the work at Camp Dix. Following the announcement by Col. J. S. Fair, of the reclamation service, quartermaster's corps; and of Lieut. Col. Edmond Tompkins, quartermaster at Camp Dix, that they would be glad to have the garden work started there, the Commission rushed five big motor truckloads of seeds, fertilizer, plows, cultivators, harrows and other supplies needed from Philadelphia over to the camp, thirty miles away; and operations were begun at once. This donation by the Commission to the cause of home food production resulted promptly in the setting aside of $60,000 by the reclamation service for the establishment of similar war gardens at other camps throughout the country.

Camp Dix offers an example of the way in which the nations are uniting in the war garden against the common foe of right and freedom. Capt. William Bethke, subsistence officer there, was born in Germany; but he was the first to start the garden work and planted what he called his "baby garden" as a model for the big one. His first assistant is named William Ryan, and he is equally enthusiastic in this work. Ryan and Bethkethere is an international reason why Germany will be beaten.

What the American army is now doing to help feed itself, has been performed by the French army for several years; and the war gardens back of the line this year are expected to produce enough vegetables to supply the entire need of the French army

for that portion of its diet. The English army also has made a wonderful start in this direction. Col. F. B. Beauchamp, inspector of the southern command of the British army, who recently made a tour of inspection of the army camps in the United States, pointed out to the officers the benefits of having the men plant gardens. He emphasized the arguments which have been advanced by the National War Garden Commission in favor of this effort. He called particular attention to the transportation saving which would be effected, citing the fact that thousands of freight cars would be saved for other service. In addition large quantities of fertilizer are available at all the camps; and to remove this to outlying farms or more distant points would require many carts or freight cars which can be otherwise employed. An immense amount of labor in handling the shipment of food supplies to the camp could be used for better purposes.

Another advantage to which Col. Beauchamp directed attention was the saving in the cost of the army's food supply. He estimated that it is possible for the army to produce its own agricultural necessities eighty per cent cheaper than they can be purchased by the government in the market.

Again he cited cases, similar to many which have been reported to the Commission in this country, of garden tracts having produced food in excess of the value of the land itself. As to the work, it will not interfere in any way with the military

training of the men, for it will be done by those who are not physically fit for active service at the front or by those who are waiting on reserve. The British officer stated that in many cases regular living in the camps and life in the open had been so beneficial to the men who cared for the gardens that they became physically fit for service on the battlefield.

Word came from Europe recently that the men of the American army are carefully conserving food so that none may be wasted. They are not permitting themselves to be served with larger portions than they can consume; and they are seeing to it that as little as possible goes into the garbage cans. Both in conservation and in production of food the American soldier is helping to fight the fight for freedom and justice.

Both among the soldiers in camp and among the home soldiers who are backing them both in the United States and in other nations, the decision has been made that there must be no limit to the work, the saving, the giving which are necessary to win the war.

The declaration of Presi

dent Wilson in regard to the size of

the army, that it must be big enough to insure victory, no matter what the number mounts to, applies with equal force to every other phase of war work. "I have asked Congress to name no limit," said the President, "because Congress intends, I am sure, as we all intend, that every ship that can carry men or supplies shall go laden upon every voyage with every man and every supply she can carry." It is only by unlimited effort that victory can be assured. The greater the effort the more promptly will it come.

The nations of the world enlisted against Germany intend to "win the next war now." They understand each other on this point. They are going to use every means in their power to carry the fight through to the finish. They will be satisfied with no partial victory, no compromise which might mean another war later. The men in the armies and the people back of them have shown their determination in this resolve. They are drawing closer and closer together daily in that fine union of soul and cooperation of strength which will present an impregnable united front to the enemy.

"The formula for government given to the world by Thomas Jefferson might well be regarded as an inspiration from heaven. It is the only method by which all men everywhere can dwell together in peace and in security. The moment it is departed from, that very moment the basis for war is laid. A league to enforce peace is a mere makeshift and might easily become an engine of oppression. The world will not know peace until it knows the true science of govern

ment. The world must learn that rights are from the Creator, and therefore can neither be added to nor taken from, save as a forfeit for trespass on the equal rights of another. Men associate themselves together in society or government to guard these rights, a doctrine at once destructive of both autocracy and socialism. Equal rights for all and special privileges to none. That is the formula."-Waco, Texas, TimesHerald.

Mr. CHAIRMAN AND FELLOW COUNTRYMEN: I should be very sorry to think that Mr. Davison in any degree curtailed his exceedingly interesting speech for fear that he was postponing mine, because I am sure you listened with the same intent and intimate interest with which I listened to the extraordinarily vivid account he gave of the things which he had realized, because he had come in contact with them on the other side of the water. We compassed them with our imagination. He compassed them in his personal experi

ence.

I have not come here to-night to review for you the work of the Red Cross; I am not competent to do so, because I have not had the time or the opportunity to follow it in detail. I have come here simply to say a few words to you as to what it all seems to me to mean. It means a great deal.

There are two duties with which we are face to face. The first duty is to win the war, and the second duty, that goes hand in hand with it, hand in hand with it, is to win it greatly and worthily, showing the real quality of our power not only, but the real quality of our purpose and of ourselves. Of course, the first duty, the duty that we must keep in the foreground of our thought until it is accomplished, is to win the

war. I have heard gentlemen recently say that we must get 5,000,000 men ready. Why limit it to 5,000,000? I have asked the Congress of the United States to name no limit, bccause the Congress intends I am sure, as we all intend, that every ship that can carry men or supplies shall go laden upon every voyage with every man and every supply she can carry.

And we are not to be diverted from the grim purpose of winning the war by any insincere approaches upon the subject of peace. I can say with a clear conscience that I have tested those intimations, and have found them insincere. I now recognize them for what they are, an opportunity to have a free hand, particularly in the East, to carry out purposes of conquest and exploitation. Every proposal with regard to accommodation in the West involves a reservation with regard to the East. Now, so far as I am concerned, I intend to stand by Russia as well as France. The helpless and the friendless are the very ones that need friends and succor, and if any man in Germany thinks we are going to sacrifice anybody for our own sake, I tell them now they are mistaken. For the glory of this war, my fellow citizens, so far as we are concerned, is that it is, perhaps for the first time in history, an unselfish war. I could

not be proud to fight for a selfish purpose, but I can be proud to fight for mankind. If they wish peace, let them come forward through accredited representatives and lay their terms on the table. We have laid ours, and they know what they are.

But behind all this grim purpose, my friends, lies the opportunity to demonstrate not only force, which will be demonstrated to the utmost, but the opportunity to demonstrate character, and it is that opportunity that we have most conspicuously in the work of the Red Cross. Not that our men in arms do not represent our character, for they do; and it is a character which those who see and realize appreciate and admire, but their duty is the duty of force. The duty of the Red Cross is the duty of mercy and succor and friendship.

Have you formed a picture in your imagination of what this war is doing for us and for the world? In my own mind I am convinced that not a hundred years of peace could have knitted this Nation together as this single year of war has knitted it together, and, better even than that if possible, it is knitting the world together. Look at the picture: In the center of the scene four nations engaged against the world, and at every point of vantage showing that they are seeking selfish aggrandizement; and against them twenty-three Governments representing the greater part of the population of the world. drawn together into a new sense of community of interest, a new sense of community of purpose, a new sense of unity of life.

The Secretary of War told me an interesting incident the other day. He said when he was in Italy a member of the Italian Government was explaining to him the many reasons why Italy felt near to the United States. He said, "If you want to try an interesting experiment go up to any one of these troop trains and ask in English how many of them have been in America, and see what happens." He tried the experiment. He went up to a troop train and he said, "How many of you boys have been in America," and he said it seemed to him as if half of them sprang up and said: "Me from San Francisco," "Me from New York-all over." There was part of the heart of America in the Italian Army-people that had been knitted to us by association, who knew us, who had lived among us, who had worked shoulder to shoulder with us, and now, friends of America, were fighting for their native Italy.

Friendship is the only cement that will ever hold the world together. And this intimate contact of the great Red Cross with the peoples who are suffering the terrors and deprivations of this war is going to be one of the greatest instrumentalities of friendship that the world ever knew, and the center of the heart of it all, if we sustain it properly, will be this land that we so dearly love.

My friends, a great day of duty has come, and duty finds a man's soul as no kind of work can ever find it. May I say this? The duty that faces us all now is to serve one another, and no man can afford to make a