Albuminous and mucilaginous drinks, holding hydrate of magnesia in suspension may be used. Oil is objectionable as it tends to diffuse the poison. Oil of turpentine if given early

is said to be a reliable antidote-the old oil and not the fresh hydrocarbon. Oxygenated water introduced through a tube-the inhalation of free oxygen into the lungs-animal charcoal and nitrate of silver, are recommended.

Alkalies.-Weak acids, such as dilute vinegar, tartaric or citric acid (lemon juice) may be freely used. Mucilaginous drinks and sweet oil may be added. The stomach pump should not be used. Opium will relieve the pain, and stimulants. may be given to counteract the depression.

Arsenic (Arsenious acid).-Hydrated peroxide of iron is undoubtedly a good antidote, administered by spoonfuls in milk every half hour. It cannot be said that the oxide will neutralize solid pieces of white arsenic, but it will act upon it as fast as it dissolves, and will thus give time for its removal from the bowels.

Reese states that vomiting should be induced, if not active, by a quick emetic, (sulphate of zinc and ipecac) or a draft of mustard water, and that warm diluent drinks or demulcents, such as arrowroot, mucilage, &c. and chalk, are useful, followed by the use of hydrated susquioxide of iron in large doses, frequently repeated, and afterwards by a dose of castor oil.

The effects of arsenic are modified by the simultaneous use of alcohol or opium.

When the poison has been a salt of arsenious acid, a solution of acetate of the peroxide of iron must be used at the same time, as when an overdose of Fowler's solution has been taken.

Hydrated oxide of magnesium, obtained by adding liquor potasso to a solution of Epsom salts, may be used instead of the iron preparation; also, as above, the acetate of magnesia may be required, which is easily obtained by dissolving the carbonate in vinegar.

Chloride of Mercury or Corrosive sublimate.The white of two or three eggs is perhaps the best remedy; it is not advisable to use a larger quantity. Finely divided metallic iron has been recommended as reducing the salt to the form of metallic mercury, which is comparatively inert. Vomiting should be induced by the free use of warm diluent drinks, glutin or wheat flour in a paste and milk, should be used.

A weak solution of liver of potash (sulphide of potassium) might form the insoluble sulphide of mercury, but this potash salt is not altogether harmless itself.

Lead.-Dilute sulphuric acid, when white lead has been swallowed, or a solution of Epsom salts or Glauber's salts, when any salt such as sugar of lead has been taken. For persons exposed to the dust of white lead, a lemonade made with sulphuric acid is a tolerably sure preventive of ill effects.

The free drinking of milk has been recommended as an antidote to lead poisoning. Reese recommends the soluble alkaline and earthy sul

phates, especially the sulphate of magnesium, and vomiting should be early promoted by zinc sulphate, followed by opium and castor oil if necessary.

Copper. Sugar, or rather honey, has been recommended as an antidote to salts of this metal, as the oxide may thereby be reduced to the form of suboxide; its action, however, is somewhat doubtful. Fine iron filings have also been proposed, by which the metal may be separated. Probably white of egg and milk are the best substances that can be administered. Vomiting should be assisted; yellow prussiate (ferrocyanide) of potassium may be used.

Antimony. Probably strong green tea, coffee, galls or any vegetable astringent substance contain→ ing tannin, would be efficacious, if the vomiting caused by antimonial preparations did not prevent their retention. Hydrated peroxide of iron has been recommended. The stomach pump may be used, washing soda in not too strong solution may do good. Follow with opium and stimulants.

Zinc.-There does not seem to be any direct chemical antidote for this poison, beyond ordinary medical treatment. Use mucilaginous drinks and milk freely. Albumen is said to be the best antidote. Opium will allay the irritation.

Cantharides.-No chemical antidote is known. Evacuate by emetics and cathartics (castor oil), opium and stimulants.

Tin.-White of egg may counteract the irritant effects of chloride of tin, dyers' salt.

Nitrobenzole (essence of mirbane).-No antidote is known.

Aniline. No antidote is known.

Carbolic acid.-The speedy use of the stomach pump and washing out with water is probably the most effectual treatment. Emetics of mustard water and sulphate of zinc, albumin, oil and demulcents, or a solution of soap, may be tried. Sulphate of sodium and saccharate of lime, are said to be antidotes. Oil should be applied to the skin and stimulants freely given to prevent collapse.

Prussic or Hydrocyanic acid.-For the organic poisons few, if any, antidotes are known. The action of prussic acid is so rapid that there would seldom be time to administer any. Possibly salts of iron with magnesia might be of service. When only a small quantity has been taken, or the vapour inhaled, dousing with cold water may be recommended, followed by cautious inhalation of diluted ammonia and chlorine vapours, with stimulants applied internally and externally.

Colchicum.-There is no known antidote.

Opium, Laudanum.-Use the stomach pump or emetics (sulphate of zinc or mustard water). The injection hypodermically of a two per cent. solution of apomorphine is recommended if the patient cannot swallow. Rouse the patient by dashing cold water over the face and chest, and by making him walk about and give him strong coffee. Prof. Reese says atropine should then be carefully administered hypodermically, every half hour watch

ing its effects upon the pupils, and that electromagnetism should be employed, also artificial respiration, if the other remedies fail. Alcohol is supposed to postpone the symptoms, and it is said that atropine and picrotoxin are antidotes.

Morphine. See treatment under opium.

Alcohol. Use the stomach pump or an emetic, cold water to the head. Plenty of fresh air, galvanism, ammonia and coffee.

Chloroform.—If taken in liquid form, the stomach pump should be used, or a prompt emetic, followed by stimulants. If inhaled, fresh air should be admitted and cold water applied to the face and chest. Suspending the body by the feet has proved successful. The tongue should be drawn out of the mouth to facilitate respiration. Artificial respiration and a direct galvanic current should be used.

Chloral Hydrate.-Picrotoxin has been used successfully.

Strychnine. The most equally poisonous alkaloid, curarine, has been recommended as overcoming the effects of strychnine in a remarkable manner. Strong coffee or other astringents may be used, and chloroform has been employed with success in some cases, enabling the system to get rid of the poison in a few hours. Give large draughts of warm mustard water or a dose of ipecac and sulphate of zinc. If possible use the stomach pump. Chloroform by inhalation, Prof. Reese states, appears to have been attended with the happiest