"There is another fine full length of one of his brothers, Sir Thomas Jeffreys, a knight of Alcantara; and, for the honour of the defcendants of Tudor Trevor, from whom the Jeffreys are fprung, the proofs of his defcent were admired even by the proud Spaniards, among whom he had long refided as conful at Alicant and Madrid: he had rendered himself fo acceptable to the Spanish miniftry, as to be recommended to our court to fucceed Lord Lanfdown as British envoy; but the Revolution put a ftop to the promotion. He has over his coat a long white cloak, with the erofs of the order on it. Another brother was dean of Rochefter; and died on his road to vifit his brother the Chan cellor when under confinement in the Tower." Thus Mr. Pennant.

It may be added, that his Lordfhip left an only fon, who inherited his title as Lord Jeffreys (which in him was extinct) and alfo his love to the bottle. A drunken frolic of that nobleman at Dryden's funeral was long believed, tho' on fufpicious authority; and even Dr. John fon at firft feemed to think it credible in the Life of that poet, but afterwards difproved it in his Preface. The only daughter of this Lord Jeffreys, Henrietta, was married to Thomas earl of Pomfret, and after his death was a mu nificent benefactress to the university of Oxford, by prefenting to it the noble collection of Pomfret flatues.

It should also be remembered, as an extraordinary circumftance, that a print (very fcarce) with the titles of "George (Jefferies) earl of Flint, vifcount Weikham, baton of Weim, &c. G. Kneller p. E. Cooper exc. 4° mezz." is mentioned by Granger, iv. 472, which he "was once inclined to think that the title of Flint might be a ridiculous farcafm, occafioned by Jefferies's extreme hardness of heart," till he found the dedication of a Latin differtation (which he entiles at large) by John Groenevelt, M. D. Lond. Svo, 1687, addretied to that nobleman, with the abovementioned titles at large. Yet certain it is, that

the terror of this rude populace, and with the difgrace of a man who had made all people tremble before him, that he fell into tits upon it, of which he died foon after. Burnet.Jeffreys was obliged to direct him how to act, to draw up his own commitment to the Tower, to order him a ftrong guard to screen

him from the people, &c -The pufillanimity of the lord mayor of 1780 was not unprece dented.

Query, a prebendary of Canterbury, where he was buried in that cathedral ?

they never have occurred in any of our hiftories; that Burnet, in particular, only mentions Jeffreys being created “a baron and peer of England," that his fon was only styled "Lord Jeffreys," and, which feem, decifive, the picture (above defcribed by Mr. Pennant at Acton) drawn by Sir Godfrey Kneller, is in his "baron's" robes, as above. Would the painter have drawn him twice; and if fo, would the "robes" have been differ ent? Add, that the title of Flint is fuppofed an appendage to the Prince of Wales, as Earl of Chefter.

MR. URBAN,

46

I your review of Playfair's excellent Syftem of Chronology," p. 554, you have well obferved this " fmall miftake; the Dr. having ftyled "Frederick 11. as his father was Frederick II. fon of Frederick F. the first king of Pruffia, and confequently the prefent fovereign is, as he always ftyles himself, Frederick III." Yet on reading Coxe's

Travels in Poland," &c, vol. I. p. 45, note, a work of great authority, this writer commits the fame mistake, viz. "His prefent Majefty Frederick II." though, for the above reafon given, it cannot be controverted. I with, there fore, that it may again be corrected. The 'red book' is right. CRITO.

an

P. 691, col. 1. "Split as they were into a thousand fects," fays Junius, abhorrence of the fupercilious hypocrify of a bishop was the one point in which they all agreed.'

Remark. It is thought, that these "thousand feets" hold the conting hypocrify of a Prefbyterian minifter in equal abhorrence with the fupercilious bypocrity of a bishop, and that there are therefore fill, however, one fect may preter an two points in which they are all agreed: boneft bishop, while others give the preference to boneft ministers.

Ibid. col. 2.

"They [bithops] are bound, both by law, and religion, to "lay hands fuddenly on no man.'

Rem. Does this writer know that the Scotch bithops laid hands fuddenly' on Dr. Scabury? Ibid.

r.

P. 747, col. 2. "Barham." P. 748, col. 1. "Lady Bradfhaigh" was "fifter to the late Countefs of Der. by," and alfo to Lady Echlin; but the was more, much more, than titles or rank could confer, or kings bestow, having a very cultivated mind, an excel. lent heart, and a fuperior understanding. In particular, many years ago, while the catastrophe of Clarifa was undecided or known her lady fhip commenced and carried on an interefling correfpondence long in an affumed character (the anfwers being left at Warrington) with Mr. Richard on on that fubject, pleading with great wit and fpiris, and alfo with equal fenfe and reafon, for a profperous flue, however, unluccef fully, the event being pre-determined. At length being acquainted, a friendship between them fucceeded till Mr. R.'s death. Thefe letters, if preferved (for Lady B.'s diffidence of being known, as an author, was carried to an excels) would be a very acceptable prefent to the public. P 750, col. 2. Mr. Hervey was not the bon. nor his father the right hon. P. 752, col. 1. The late Sir William Robinfon's title defcends to his younger and only furviving brother, the lord primate of Ireland, who now unites the titles of baron, baronet, and archbishop.

Should not fome account be given of the death, &c. of Henry Hoare, efq. aged 80 Befides his great wealth, princely fpirit, and expenfive and tafteful improvements at Stourhead, Wilts, his eldeft daughter, Sufanna (who died in 1783), was married, 1. to Charles, late Vilcount Dungarvan, in 1753, by whom he had a daughter, Mifs Boyle (now married); and 2. in 1761, to the prefent Earl of Aylesbury, by whom the left a fon (Lord Bruce), and two daughters.

In your LIIId vol. p. 130, &c. Gen. Elliot's ftall in Henry VIIth's chapel was faid to be extra or fupernumerary. Is there not a fimilar cafe at prefent; the death of Sir William Lynch having made one vacancy, and two knights, Sir Frederick Haldimand, and Sir Archibald Campbell, being now created?

Can any one fuppofe that Mr. Addifon, one of the best writers, was unacquainted with orthography? Yet, in a tranfcript of fome lines at the conclufion of A&t II. of Cato, I have now before me the following, in his own hand writing, and his own fpelling, viz.

1 laugh to think how your unshaken Cato Will look aghalt, when unforeseen deftruction Pour's in upon him thus from evry fice,

Richmond Yorkshire, Sept. 22. N your Magazine for Aug. p. 607, one of your correfpondents mentions fome lumps of fat being found in a grave in the weft of England, adhering to the remains of a body buried there fome years before. Without pretending to account for fuch appearance, I take the liberty to fend you another inftance of fomething of the like fort.

The rev. Mr. Robert Booth, fome time rector of this parifh, died in Februarv, 1707, and was buried in the church-yard Mr. Booth was exceffively corpulent, and was obliged to be lifted in a chair into the read. g defk. where he performed the whole fervice of the day, being unable to convey himself into the pulpit. He left a widow, who furvived him many years, dying in 1741. Ou that occafion a grave was made for her, immediately adjoining to that of her late husband. In digging on that fide next to her husband's grave, the fexton cut through a large mafs of human fat, in colour and confiftence like that defcribed by your correspondent. The fexton, furprifed at this appearance, called upon feveral perfons to obferve it, and, amongst the reft, the writer of this letter. The fubftance was, in circumnference, about the fize of the crown of a man's hat. The fexton of the prefent time, who has been in that office about twenty years, affures the writer, he has often found fuch lumps of fat, of much lefs frze, in feveral graves of other perfons, not remarkable for their corpu lency. The foil, about four and five feet below the furface, is gravel, underneath which is a ftrong clay. In the

fame

fame Magazine, p. 586, a correspondent of yours quotes a paffage from Knowles's "Hiftory of the Turks," wherein it is faid, that "a globe of filver was prefented by Ferdinand, brother to Charles the Fifth, to Solyman, emperor of the Turks," &c. Two editions of Knowles's Hiftory, one of 1603, the other of 1638, have been examined, in order to find this quotation, without fuccefs. Your correspondent is, therefore, requested to point out the page and the edition of the book where this paffage may be found. And if any of your learned correfpondents can direct the enquirer to any account of the original of the proverb, Bernardus non videt omnia, he will much oblige your conflant reader,

A QUERIST..

Memoirs of Profeffor PALLAS. By Mr. Cox E.

TH HE + prefent learned and eminent naturalift and traveller, Dr. Palias of Peterburg, is fon of Simon Pallas, profellor of turgery at Berlin, and firft furgeon of the charity hofpital in that city. Simon Pallas, the father, made himfelt known among the writers of phyfic, by a treatife "on the Operations of Surgery," published in 1763, and by a Supplement to it, "On the Difeafes of the Bowels," in 1770; in which year he died, at the age of 76.

Peter Simon Pallas, the fon, was born in 1741, and probably received the early part of his education at Berlin; but in 1750 he was fent to Gottingen to ftudy under the celebrated Haller, to whom he was ftrongly recommended by Dr. Meckel, the colleague of his father at Berlin, and profeffor of anatomy. He after wards purfued his fludies in Holland, and, in 1760, took his degree of M. D. on which occafion he wrote a very ingenious treatie, under the title of "Dif fertatio inauguralis de infeftis viventibus intra viventia.” In this tract the author appears to have taken great pains to diflinguith thefe noxious animals; and has, with fingular accuracy, defcribed particularly thofe worms which are found in the human body. The talents of the author probably recommended him very carly to the favour and patronage of the celebrated Gaubius, at that time principal profeffor of phyfic at Leyden, and, through his recommenda

tion and intereft, he seems to have obtained a fettlement at the Hague, where we find him in 1766, when he published a much-esteemed work under the title of -"Elenchus Zoophytorum,"

The attention which Dr. Pallas, had bestowed on the zoophytes, or animalplants, in the investigation of the worms which infeft the human body, as he acknowledges, feems to have led him into this line of natural science, and in which he has fhewn a great degree of accuracy, and furprifing induftry. In this work, which is printed in 8vo, pp. 451, after having treated on the nature of thefe ambiguous kinds of animals in a general way, and given the various opinions of authors relating to the place they ought to hold in the fyttem of nature, he deferibes, from his own infpection, more than 270 fpecies of thofe worms and ani malcules, which are known under the various generical names of polypes, corals, madrepores, fea-pens, tenia, or tape-worm, fponges, fea-fans, &c.

The free accefs which he had to the mufeum of the prince of Orange, and other curious collections in Holland, enabled him to entich his work with the defcription of a great variety of theft productions, which were brought from both Indies. He has defcribed each fpecies at large, and given it a new name characteristic of its real diftinctions: and (what efpecially increafes the value of his work) he has, with wonderful induftry, extricated, as far as poffible, the iynonyms of former authors, both an cient and modern; thus rendering his book highly uteful to thofe who are cu tious in this branch of natural hiflory.

That our author's character, as a man of tcience, must have been well established, even before the publication of this book, may fafely be interred from his being elected member of the Royal Soci ety of London, on the 7th of June, 1764, and of the Imperial Academy be fore that time. It is probable that the cre dit of these works occafioned the removal of the author to his native city [Berlin], where he was refident in 1767; and in the fame year he was invited, by the Empreis of Ruffia, to accept the profef forfhip of natural hiftory at Peterburg and was, at the fame time, made infpec tor of the Mufcum.

The fovereigns of Ruffia had, at vari ous times, deputed learned and skilful men to vifit the moft diftant provinces of their vaft empire, with a view to enlarge the bounds of fcience, and extend the knowledge

knowledge of useful arts among the natives. About the time of our author's eftablishment at Petersburg, two of thefe expeditions had been planned: Dr. S. Gmelin had the conduct of one; and Pallas was placed at the head of the other, with Meffrs. Falk, Lepekin, and Guldenftaedt, as his affociates.

Dr. Pallas quitted Peterburg in the month of June, 1768, [and, in fhort, after vifiting the most diftant provinces of the empire, and penetrating to the confines of Calmuc Tartary, Tobolfk, the neighbouring fhores of the Cafpian, and the boundaries of the Mongol hordes, dependent upon China, &c.], he returned to Peterburg on the 30th of July, 1774, after an absence of fix years.

The account of this extenfive and interefting tour was publifhed by Dr. Pallas, in three parts, containing 2004 pages, in five volumes in 4to, which has greatly contributed to extend his fame and establish his character. The author, in this valuable work, has entered into a geographical and topographical defcription of the provinces, towns, and villages, which he vifited in his tour, accompanied with an accurate account of their antiquities, history, productions, and commerce: he has difcriminated many of the tribes who wander over the various diftricts, and near the confines of Siberia; and detailed, with peculiar precifion, their cuftoms, manners, and languages: he has alfo rendered his travels invaluable to the naturalift, from the many important difcoveries in the animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdoms, with which he has enriched the fcience of natural hiflory. These travels are written in the German language; but the author has added to each part an appen dix in the Latin tongue, which contain 395 feientific deferiptions of feveral quadrupeds, birds, fish, infects, and plants, He has alfo greatly contributed to increafe the utility of his performance by 9 charts and 123 engravings of various antiquities, of feveral Tartar drefies and idols, and of many animals and plants. The curious naturalifts and philofophers of England could not fail confidering a tranflation of these travels, and thofe of Georgi, Lepckin, and Gmelin, of which the former were made, and the latter were printed, under the infpection of Pallas, as a valuable addition to our knowledge of thofe diftant parts of the globe....Dr. S. Gmelin, after having loft many of his papers and collections, funk under grief and difeafe, and expired in a

fmall village of Mount Caucaufis in 1774: Falk died in the courfe of the journey: and Profeffor Lowitz was wantonly maffacred by the inhuman Pugatchef.

Dr. Pallas fortunately returned, but not without having endured many hardfhips, and having narrowly efcaped from the most imminent dangers; as we may conclude by the manner in which he fi nifhes the account of his travels." And on the 30th of July I reached Peterf burg, with a very enfeebled body and grey hairs, though only in the three-andthirtieth year of my age; but yet much stronger than when I was in Siberia and full of grateful acknowledgements to Providence for having hitherto preferved and delivered me from numberless evils."

Dr. Pallas, known to the generality of the English readers only as a great naturalift, deferves a confiderable place among thofe writers who have fucceeded in developing the complicated history of the roving tribes that are scattered over thofe extenfive regions which Atretch from the heart of Siberia to the northern limits of India. The Profeffor has, in a recent publication, entitled, "Collections on the Political, Phyfical, and Ci vil Hiftory of the Mongol Tribes," thrown new light on the annals of a people, whole ancestors conquered Rutha, China, Perfia, and Indolten; and, at more than one period, eftablifhed perhaps a larger empire than ever was poffelfed by any fingle nation. The materials for this publication he collected, partly during an intercourfe with the Mongols, Burats, and Calmucs, and partly from the communication of Muller and Gmelin.

Hitherto most authors who have written on these Afiatic hordes have called them all indifcriminately by the name of Tartars: but this erroneous appellation is rectified by Dr. Pallas, who proves unquestionably, that the Mongol tribes are a diftinct race from the Tartars;

*"Lowitz was employed in levelling the projected canal between the Don and Volga.. In this inftance, infult was added to cruelty: being informed that he was an aftronomer, Pugatchef wantonly ordered him to be tranforder to be near the flars; and in that fitua fixed upon pikes, and raised in the air, in tion he was maffacred by the command, and in the prefence, of the barbarian."

+Above, his birth has been dated in

1731. If fo, in 1774, he raft have been in the three-and-fortieth year of his age. EDIT.

that