Luke 22. he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer: 16 for I say unto you, I will not any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and said, Take this, and divide it among yourselves: 18 for I say unto you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come. h 24 And there was also a strife among them, which of them should be accounted the greatest. 25 And he said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors. 26 But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve. 27 For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as he that serveth. 28 Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations. 29 And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me; 30 that ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel. § 134. JESUS WASHES THE FEET OF HIS DISCIPLES.-Jerusalem. Evening introducing the Sixth Day of the Week. John 13. 1-20. Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end. And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him; Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God; he riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and girded himself. After that he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith he was girded. Then cometh he to Simon Peter: and Peter said unto him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet? Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know hereafter. 8 Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me. • Simon Peter saith unto him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head. 10 Jesus saith to him, He that is washed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit: and ye are clean, but not all. 11 For he knew who should betray him; therefore said he, Ye are not all clean. 12 So after he had washed their feet, and had taken his garments, and was set See Introductory Note, p. 134. g See 137. The contention among the disciples had apparently occurred quite recently, perhaps even in the guest-chamber while taking their places at the table. That they were prone to yield to such a spirit is evident from the instances recorded in 79, and also 108. Our Lord on this solemn occasion reproves them; especially by the touching act of washing their feet; see? 134.-The verb was (Luke 22. 24) is to be taken as the pluperfect: see Note on 3.145. Comp. Matt. 20. 25-28. j Phil. 2. 9-11. The washing of the disciples' feet by their Lord and Master was an impressive lesson, that they should live in harmony and love and humility one with another. The occasion of this act was their previous contention, as related by Luke in 133. Compare Luke 24. 26, sq., with John 13. 16, sq. John's narrative is supplementary to that of Luke; and therefore he does not speak of the contention itself, because the latter had already described it. On the phrase before the feast of the passover, ver. 1, see above in Introductory Note, p. 136.-The phrase supper being ended (Seinvov yevouévov), ver. 2, ought to be rendered "supper being come," or "during supper; "see ver. 4 and ver. 12. The time of the action was probably after they had taken their places at table, and before they had partaken of the proper meal; perhaps between the first and second cups of wine. Acts 5. 3. John 13. 16 down again, he said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you? 19 Ye call me Master and Lord: and ye say well; for so I am. 14 If I then, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet: ye also ought to wash one another's feet.m 15 For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you. Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord, neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him. "7 If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them. 18 I speak not of you all: I know whom I have chosen: but that the Scripture may be fulfilled," He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me. 19 Now I tell you before it come, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that I am he. 20 Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that receiveth whomsoever I send receiveth me; and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me. § 135. JESUS POINTS OUT THE TRAITOR. JUDAS WITHDRAWS.-Jerusalem. Evening introducing the Sixth Day of the Week. Matt. 26. 21- Mark 14. 18- Luke 22. 21- John 13. 21 25. 21 And as they did eat, he said, Verily I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me. 22 And they were exceeding sorrowful, and began every one of them to say unto him, Lord, is it I? 21 When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me. 22 Then the disciples looked one on another, doubting of whom he spake. 23 Now there was leaning on 24 Simon Peter Jesus' bosom one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved. Matt. 26. 23 And he answered and said, He that dippeth his hand with me in the dish, the same shall betray me. 24 The Son of man goeth as it is written of him: but woe unto that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! it had been good for that man if he had not been born. 25 Then Judas, which betrayed him, answered and said, Master, is it I? He said unto him, Thou hast said. Mark 14. 20 And he answered and m Rom. 12. 10. it ? 26 Jesus answered, He it is, to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. Luke 22. 22 And truly the Son of man goeth, as it was determined: but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed! John 13. 26 And when he had dipped the sop, he gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon. 27 And after the sop Satan entered into " Psa. 41. 9. John 13. him. Then said Jesus unto him, That thou doest, do quickly. 28 Now no man at the table knew for what intent he spake this unto him. 29 For some of them thought, because Judas had the bag, that Jesus had said unto him, Buy those things that we have need of against the feast; or, that he should give something to the poor. 30 He then having received the sop went immediately out:" and it was night. 31 Therefore, when he was gone out, Jesus said, Now is the Son of man glorified, and God is glorified in him. If God be glorified in him, God shall also glorify him in himself, and shall straightway glorify him. 33 Little children, yet a little while I am with you. Ye shall seek me: and as I said unto the Jews, Whither I go, ye cannot come; so now I say to you. 34 A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. 85 By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another." § 136. JESUS FORETELLS THE FALL OF PETER, AND THE DISPERSION OF THE TWELVE.-Jerusalem. Evening introducing the Sixth Day of the Week. John 13. 36-38. 36 Simon Peter said unto him, Lord, whither goest thou? Jesus answered him, Whither I go, thou canst not follow me now; but thou shalt follow me afterwards." 7 Peter said unto him, Lord, why cannot I follow thee now? I will lay down my life for thy sake. Matt. 26. 31-35. 31 Then saith Jesus unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written," I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered abroad. But after I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee. 33 Peter answered and said unto him, Though all men shall be offended because of thee, yet will I never be offended. Mark 14. 27-31. 37 And Jesus saith unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written," I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered. 28 But after that I am risen, I will go before you into Galilee. 29 But Peter said unto him, Although all shall be offended, yet will not I. Luke 22. 31-38. S And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat: 32 but I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren. 33 And he said unto him, Lord, I am ready to go with thee, both into prison, and to death. On the sense of feast here, see above in Introductory Note, p. 136. r Went immediately out. Judas therefore was not present at the Lord's supper, which was instituted at the close of the paschal meal. This is the obvious conclusion, at least, from the account of John, in connexion with the statements of Matthew and Mark; and it is the view taken by most harmonists and commentators. It might appear, however, from Luke's account (ch. 22. 19-21) that Judas was present; but the whole force of this proof depends on the chronological regularity of this Gospel. We have seen John 7. 33. 34. " 1 John 3. 10. 1 John 2. 8-11; 4. 21. 2 Pet. 1. 14. Zech. 13. 7. * John 21. 1. This foretelling of Peter's fall took place, according to Luke (ch. 22. 39) and John (ch. 18. 1), before the departure to the mount of Olives; but according to Matthew (ch. 26. 30) and Mark (ch. 14. 26), it occurred during that departure. This difference may be explained by simply supposing that our Lord touched on the subject twice; before setting out, and while on the way. Matt. 26. cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. 36 Peter said unto him, Though I should die with thee, yet will I not deny thee. Likewise also said all the disciples. Mark 14. Luke 22. thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me. any wise. Likewise also said they all. John 13. Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till thou hast denied me thrice. 35 And he said unto them, When I sent you without purse, and scrip, and shoes, lacked ye any thing? And they said, Nothing. 36 Then said he unto them, But now, he that hath a purse, let him take it, and likewise his scrip: and he that hath no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one. 37 For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me," And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end. 38 And they said, Lord, behold, here are two swords. And he said unto them, It is enough. Matt. 26. 2629. 26 And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. 27 And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; 28 for this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission $137. THE LORD'S SUPPER.-Jerusalem. Mark 14. 2225. And as they did eat, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and brake it, and gave to them, and said, Take, eat: this is my body. 23 And he took the cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them: and they all drank of it. 24 And he said unto them, This is my blood of the new testament, which Mark here says, "Before the cock crow twice," the other evangelists have simply, "Before the cock crow; see Note on ? 144. a Isa. 53. 12. The institution of the Lord's supper took place obviously at the close of the passover meal, and in connexion with the " cup of blessing," or third cup, which terminated the meal proper; comp. 1 Cor. 10. 16, and see p. 134 above. With this view accords the expression, after supper of Luke 22. 20 and 1 Cor. 11. 25. Matthew and Mark speak 1 Cor. 11. 2325. 23 The Lord Jesus took bread: and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. 25 After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood:d this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. of Jesus as breaking the bread as they were eating, which implies nothing more than "during the meal," while they were yet eating; and does not require the institution of the bread to be separated from that of the cup. New testament: better rendered "This is My blood of the new covenant," evidently referring to the words of Moses in Exodus 24. 8, "Behold the blood of the covenant which the Lord hath made with you." d Heb. 9. 11-22. Matt. 26. of sins. 29 But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom. Mark 14. is shed for many. 25 Verily I say unto you, I will drink no more of the fruit of the vine, until that day that I drink it new in the kingdom of God. § 138. JESUS COMFORTS HIS DISCIPLES. THE HOLY SPIRIT PROMISED. Jerusalem. Evening introducing the Sixth Day of the Weck. John 14. 1-81. Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me. In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. 3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also. And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know. Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the way? Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me. If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him. 9 Philip saith unto him, Lord, show us the Father, and it sufficeth us. 9 Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Show us the Father? 10 Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works. 11 Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake. 12 Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father. 13 And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son. 14 If ye shall ask any thing in my name, I will do it. 15 If ye love me, keep my commandments. 16 And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever; 17 even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you. 18 I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you. 19 Yet a little while, and the world seeth me no more; but ye see me: because I live, ye shall live also. 20 At that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you. 21 He that hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me: and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father, and I will love him, and will manifest myself to him. 22 Judas saith unto him, not Iscariot, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself unto us, and not unto the world? 23 Jesus answered and said unto him, If a man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him. 24 He that loveth me not keepeth not my sayings: and the word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's which sent me. 26 But the 25 These things have I spoken unto you, being yet present with you. Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever |