Ingrave, &c. which are alfo written with en, as engender,engrave, &c. and their Participles engendered, engraven, &c. And it were to be wifhed, for the fake of Foreigners, that en were preserved in those Words that come from the French, rather than that the Latin in fhould be reftored, whence the en came: By this means all Ambiguity or Uncertainty concerning the Signification of this Prepofition would be removed; for un is always privative, or fignifies as much as not; ex never is: but in is fometimes privative and fometimes not; for it is not privative in the Words that are promifcuously written with en or in. But in other Words. it is most commonly privative, namely in those which come from Latin Words that are originally fo.

Inter, fignifies between; as to intervene, to come. 'between; Interval, the Space between; interrupt, to break in between other Bufinefs; but in interdict it fignifies as much as for in forbid, &c. Sometimes we use enter in Words that come from the French, and they are written extre, which comes from the Latin inter

Intro, is a Latin Adverb from the Prepofition intra, or a various Ending of the fame Prepofition, and fignifies within; to introduce, to bring into, c.

Ob, fignifies against; as, Obftacie, i. e. what ftands in the way; to oppofe, to put against.

Per, i. e. through, it denotes a certain Degree of Excellency or Excels; perfect, i. e. throughly done; perforate, to pierce through, to perfecute, to perfuade.

Poft, after; as Poffcript, i. e. written after; a Pothumous Work, that is published after the Author's Death.

Pre, comes from the Prepofition Pre, and fignifies before; as, to premeditate, to meditate of before;

before; Preface, prepare, prefer, prevent; preingage, or to engage before-hand, &c.

Pro, fignifies for, or forth; but it has alfo a great many other Senfes; as, to profess, protect, pronounce, prorogue, promife, &c.

Preter, fignifics against; as, Preternatural, against Nature.

Re, generally implies a repeated Action; as, te repeat, i. e. to fay over again; to relapfe, to fall ill again; to return, i. e. to come again; to re-enter, to enter again: Sometimes it denotes Oppofition or azainft; as, to repulfe, to beat back: It often denotes only the enlarging the Sense of the fimple Verb; as, to repufe, repaft, &c.

Retro, fignifies backward; as, Retrograde Mo tion, i. c. a going backward.

Se, for Sine without, or Seorfum, by itself, in fuch Words as thefe, fecure, (i. e. Sine curâ, or Seorfum, à Cura) femote, feparate, feclude, and the

like.

Sub, fignifics under; as, to subscribe, to write under.

Subter, under; as, Subterfluous, flowing under, &c.

Super, upon, over, or above; as, Superscription, the writing upon a Letter; fuperfluous, over and above: This Prepofition is changed in fome Words that come from the French into Sur, upon or over; as, Surface, &c.

Trans, fignifies over or beyond; as, to transport, to carry over; to tranfgrefs, to go beyond; and it fignifies in a great many Words the moving from one Place to another; as, to transplant, to tranf pofe, Tranfmigration, &c. In other Words it denotes the changing of one Thing into another; as, to transform, transfigure, Tranfubftantiation,

&c.

The Greek Prepofitions; the chief of these are, A, which fignifies Pripation or not; as, Anonymous, without a Name; Anarchy, without Go

vernment.

Amphi, fignifies on every fide.

Anti, fignifies against; as, Antagonist, one that is against you; Antichrift, one that is in Opposition to Chrift.

Hyper, over or above.

Hypo, under.

Meta, is the fame as trans, i. e. beyond; or elfe denotes the changing of one Thing into another as, Metaphor, Metamorphofis, i. e. Transformation Peri, about.

Syn, with or together; as, Synod, that is, Convocation; Syntax, that is Construction.

The Prepofitions do often change their laft Letter into the Confonant that the Word begins with: As, in Con, n is changed into /, as, Colloquy and fometimes they lofe a Letter, as in coeternal, where is left out, &c. But we must not now enlarge.

Questions relating to the Twenty third Chapter. Q. What does Ab fignify?

A. From, and denotes Separation, &c.

Q. What does Ante fignify?

A. Before: And fo you may repeat the Question with respect to any of the other Prepositions.

CHAP

CHAP. XXIV.

Of the INTERJECTION.

THat is an Interjection?

Q. What i

A. An Interjection is a Part of Speech; that denotes fome fudden Motion or Paffion of the. Soul.

They may be divided into Solitary and Passive, being used by us when we are alone, or not fo directly tending to Difcourfe with others, in which the Party speaks as fuffering fome Change in him felf. They are the Refult, either of a furprized Judgment, denoting either Admiration, as high; Doubting or Confidering, as, hem, by; Defputing, as, pill, by, tulb, &c. or fuch as denote a litrpri zed Affection, moved by the Apprehension of Good or Evil, denoting Mirth; as, Ha, Ha, He; Sorrow, as, Hoi, Oh, Oh, Ab; Love and Pity, as, 4, Alack, Alas; Hate and Anger, as, Vaugh, Hau, Phy, Fob.

The other Sort may be ftiled Social and Aftive, being never used by us when we are alone, but imnicdiately tending to Difcourfe with others, in which the Party fpeaks with design to procureome Change in his Hearers. There are fuch as denote exclaiming, or crying out, as, Oh, Sobo; Silencing, as, St, Hub; Such as are ufed to difpofe the Senfes of the Hearer, befpeaking his Attention, Ho, Ob; expreffing Attention, as, Ha.; fuch as are ufedi to difpofe the Affections of the Hearer, by way of Infinuation or Blandithment, as, Now; or by way of Threatning, as, Ve, Woe. Bat Woe is rather a Subftantive; for Wo's me, is Woe is to, or for me.

PART

PART III.

H

CHAP. I.

Of Etymology or Derivation.

AVING in the former Part treated of the feveral Parts of Speech; I thall now come to obferve the Agreement or Affinity of each to the other, or how one Word comes or is derived from another: And this Part of Grammar is called Erymology.

Q. What do you mean by Erymology?

A. Etymology, as it is here treated of, relates to the Derivation of Words, or fhows how one Word' comes from another..

From any Subitantive, or Adjective, put for a Subftantive, (in the Singular Number) is formed the Genitive Cafe, by adding s.

Every Subftantive put for an Adjective, becomes. an Adjective.

Q. Du Subtantives ever become Verbs?

A. Yes: Many Subftantives, and fome Adjectives (and fometimes the other Parts of Speech) being put for Verbs, become Verbs; and denote or fignity fome fort of Application of the fame Thing, or the Thing fignified by the Subitantive:

The