leading trades, where employers and union leaders met to settle disputes. But the white flag of truce was over the conference, while, outside, the battle raged. But Mr. Tennant by his bold measure raised the joint committee to the level of continuous mediation and consultation. . . .
The joint board is part of the machinery for reconstruction. The acceptance of it is an acceptance of the principle of democratic control.
What labour can manage and possesses the right to manage, but has not received the permission to manage, are the conditions of its own life-its working life and its leisure life. The installation of new processes, the introduction of new machinery, the injection of new workers-all these alterations of working conditions have been imposed upon the workers as one puts a new harness on a horse, or shifts him from the plough to the tread-mill. The workers have built up their own system of protective devices to meet these impositions of the oligarchy in control of them. They have limited the output by "going gently" with the work. They have limited the number of apprentices. They have practised sabotage and called strikes. They had no other weapons. The result of these protective devices has been to lessen the volume of production, to give capital a smaller return on its investment and to cut down wages. The policy has been bad for employer and employé. But the policy has received its death blow in this new constitution of labour which I have outlined. Selfgovernment will not offer grave difficulties in the twelve or fifteen highly organised trades, where organised co-operation is understood. It will come much more slowly in the unskilled occupations. . . .
But almost at one stroke, this principle of self-government has been greatly extended. It is all part of the general movement toward the organised state. The employers will form great combines. The workers will continue to develop the strength of trade unions and will exercise that strength in the control of their working conditions. In the next five years workers' control will be the most discussed item in England's reconstruction. Because it is in line with democratic tendency, the movement will soon spread to our country. It is time that our statesmen, our social experts, our writers and our industrial leaders begin to study it.
Addison, Dr., 178, 193
Aliens in America, 307
Allied diplomacy, 79
Allied governments, labor pressure
on, for war aims statement, 320
Allied labor unity, 273
Amalgamated Society of Engi-
neers, 199; constitution, 160, 161;
outline of workers' control, 179
American aliens and immigrant
groups, 307
American Alliance of Labor and
Democracy, 249, 266, 267, 268,
308
American-Allied conference, Lon-
don, Sept., 1918, 238
American delegates to England,
249
American Federation of Labor, 44,
57, 125, 214; attitude toward in-
ternational conference proposals,
230; Blackpool meeting, 28; del-
egation to visit England, 249;
difficulties of communication
with British labor, 241; invita-
tions to European conferences,
236-237; "Labor's War Aims,"
239; London conference state-
ment on, 300; open diplomacy,
230; peace terms, 238; political
activity, 280-281; position as to
British labor, 240; position in-
terpreted by James Wilson, 251;
Stockholm project, 236
American Federationist, 126, 230;
cables regarding international
labor conference, 230
American labor, antithesis to Brit-
ish, 255; coming into line, 273;
on the wrong side, 266; out of
it, 230
American labor bodies, 125
American labor movement, 126,
127; statement at London con-
ference, 288
American public opinion, 306-307
Ammon, C. G., on Gompers' pro-
posal, 19
Anderson, Mrs. W. C. See Mac-
arthur, Mary
Anderson, W. C., 40; on industrial
conscription, 132-133
Anthony, Susan B., 141
Appleton, W. A., 57, 231, 244, 248;
interview, 249
Arbeiter-Zeitung, 318
Asquith, H. H., 269
Austria-Hungary, unrest, 310
Austrian peace note, 305, 321
Autocracy vs. democracy, 296-297
Baine, C. L., 288
Balfour, A. J., 159
Barnes, G. N., 226; on breaking
the truce, 117; on Stockholm
conference, 13;
War Cabinet
labor delegates to America,
British delegates to America, 244
British Socialists. See Socialists
British Workers' League, 34
Bromley, J., 115; at Blackpool
Buffalo convention, Nov., 1917, 238
Bulgarian United Social Demo-
cratic Party, 316
Burnage Works, 181, 184
Burns, John, 40
Button, F. S., 179
Cachin, M., 292
Canada, 28
Canepa, 63
Cardiff, 212, 226
Carter, W., 12
Caxton Hall meeting, 258, 259
Central Empires, Wilson's call to
working classes of, 309
Central Hall, Westminster, adop-
tion of war aims memorandum,
28; conference of Aug. 10, 1917,
12; Memorandum on War Aims,
adopted Feb. 20-24, 1918, 29, 67,
352; Statement of War Aims,
adopted at joint conference, Dec.
28, 1917, 343
Chéradame, André, 79
Christian Commonwealth, 254
Churchill, Winston, 125
Civic Federation. See National
Civic Federation
Civil offensive, fruits, 322
Clyde Workers' Committee, 161,
162
Clynes, J. R., at Blackpool meet-
ing, 25; at Nottingham meeting,
43; biographical sketch, 120; in
controversy, 123; interview in
June, 1918, 122; message to rail-
way strikers, 212; on breaking
the truce, 118; on food control,
120; on labor setting an exam-
ple, 271; personality, 118, 121
Cocoa firms, 185
Cole, G. D. H., 155, 164, 174, 179,
193, 335, 336
Collective bargaining, 127, 180
Collectivism, 333, 335
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"Common sense, 128
Communal idea in labor policy, 339
Compromise, British genius for,
266
Conference projects, characteris-
tics of British labor, 17
Conscientious objectors, 132
Conscription of wealth, 135, 130
336
Constitution of the British Labo
Party, 367
Control. See Self-government in
industry
Coöperative movement, 143; aims
of members, 144-145; conference
of Oct., 1917, 144
Cotter, J., 22
Coventry, 207
Cramp, C. T.,
Crises, 333-334
Czechs, 86
Daily News, on the British dele-
gates to America, 248; on the
London conference, 78
Davis, W. J., 201; at Caxton Hall
meeting, 258-259
Debs, E. V., 282, 297
Democracy, autocracy vs., 296-297
diplomacy of, 300-301; industrial,
194; place in reconstruction, 333
test, 305, 326; triumph in Sept.
1918, 305
Deportation, 163
Derby meeting of 1918, 25; Gom-
pers, 285, 286; resolution for a
trade union party, 266; speakers
and discussions, 197
"Dilution," 152, 157, 162
Diplomacy, new vs. old, 326
Diplomacy of labor, democratic
results, 300-301, 305-306; replies
from German and other minor-
ity groups, 316
Diplomatic offensive, results, 322
Drake, Mrs. Barbara, 155
Duncan, James, 236, 249
Easley, R. M., 245
Elections. See General elections
Embargoes, 207;
different angles, 208
Employers, new type, 181; sum-
mary of conclusions of group of
Quaker employers, 477
Engineering trades, conference of
employers and employees, Dec,
1917, 165; unions, 160; women
in, 152, 157
England, old order and new, 136;
political and industrial develop-
ments, 105
English Round Table, 85
Europe, labor movement in West-
ern, 334
Fairchild, E. C., 31
Finance, democratic, 135, 136°
Fisher, Victor, 34, 257
Fitch, J. A., 308
Foch, Marshal, 66
Food control, J. R. Clynes on, 120
Force, 82, 323
Franklin, Benjamin, 273
Freedom, restrictions on, 132, 133
Freedom of the press, 308
French Socialists, 62, 63, 91, 92
Frey, J. P., 296, 297
Friends. See Quaker employers
Garton Foundation, 159
Garvin, J. L., 271
Gaunt (Reuben), & Sons, 189
General elections, Dec., 1918, 223;
Labour Party's platform, 413;
results, 269
General Federation of Trade
Unions, 18, 56, 201
German boycott. See Boycotting
German people vs. German govern-
ment, 306, 309, 324
German Social Democratic Party
of Austria, 318, 320
German workers, 240, 251, 254, 255
Germany, Majority Socialists, 311,
315; Socialism, 65, 335; Social-
ism, rift, 313; unrest and upris-
ing, 310
Glazier, Bruce, 267
Gleason, Arthur,_ Shop Committees
and Labour Boards (reprinted
from the Survey, May, 1917),
488
Glenn, General, 307
Golden, John, 28
Gompers, Samuel, 13, 249; address.
on Feb. 22, 1918, 83; at Derby,
Sept., 1918, 196-197, 200; cable-
grams to French and to British
labor, 234; circular, 18; com-
pared to Franklin, 273; ex-
changes with German labor, 230;
"Garbled text" cablegram, 241;
Henderson and, 237; leadership,
283; part in the London confer-
ence, 275, 302, 303; personality,
274, 276, 277; policy, 126
Government and labor delegations,
250
Government Commission of In-
quiry into Industrial Unrest, 157
Governments, labor pressure on Al-
lied, to state war aims, 320
"Gray hairs," 128
Greenwood, G. A., 193
Guild-Socialists, 336
Hall, Martin, 185
Hanley, 225
Hardie, Keir, 33
Hartshorn, Vernon, 168, 173
Health, 131
Henderson, Arthur, 6; at Black-
pool meeting, 27; at Derby meet-
ing, 200; at June conference,
1918, on breaking truce, 114; at
Oldham, 228; central policy, 267;
German estimate and American
radical estimate, 268; Gompers
and, 237; link of various ele-
ments, 49; on adoption of war
aims memorandum, 29; on war
and peace (Feb., 1918), 204; per-
sonality, 50, 94, 95; resignation
from War Cabinet, 16, 53; Rus-
sian views in Aug., 1917, 11;
speech at luncheon of London
Conference, 78-79
Henson, J., 21
Hertling cabinet, 315
Highton, Herbert,
Hill, J., on
Hillquit, Morris, 282
Hobson, J. A., 339
Hobson, S. G., 335, 336
Hodge, John, 50; to the iron and
steel workers, at Hanley, 225
Hotchkiss Co., 207-208
House, Colonel, 275
Hughes, W. M., 261, 263, 327, 340;
at Cardiff, 226
Hungarian Social
Party, 317, 320
Huysmans, Camille, 311; at Not-
tingham meeting, 86, 87
Immigrant groups in America, 307
Imperial Federation, 224
Independent Labour Party, inde-
pendence, 219; leaders, 40; left
and, 33; Leicester conference
and soldiers' charter, 216; peace
resolution, 216, 218; resolution
on the war, 49
Independent Social Democratic
party of Germany, 319
Individualism, 336, 337, 338, 341
Industrial conscription, 133
Industrial councils, 149, 190; gov-
ernment and, 191; Industrial
Councils and Trade Boards:
Memorandum by the Minister of
Reconstruction and the Minister
of Labour, 440; need for, 192;
See also Whitley Reports
Industrial unionism. See Trade
unionism
Industrial unrest, 137, 151, 155;
causes, 157-158, 337
I. W. W., 282
Industry, democratic control, 134,
153; reorganization, 134; see also
Self-government in industry
Inter-Allied conference in London,
Aug. 21, 1917, 44, 56
Inter-Allied labor meeting in 1915,
76
Inter-Allied Labour and Socialist
Conferences at London, 1917-18,
56, 61, 94; composition and dele-
gates, 286; five commissions and
their officers, 64, 65; harmoniz-
ing of principles, 340; Manches-
ter Guardian on, 71; platform,
67; Socialism the crux, 278;
Times on, 72
Inter-Allied trade union confer-
ence of Sept. 10, 1917, 233
Interbelligerent conference, Amer-
ican and British positions, 304;
passport question, 302, 303, 308;
project and issue, 289, 292
International Federation of Trades
Unions, 230
International
labor conference,
300; American labor position as
shown in the Federationist, 230;
German obstacle, 301; MacDon-
ald's vision, 85
International Socialist Bureau, 33,
66; conference of Aug. 21, 1917,
16
Internationale, 265
Ireland, 205
Iron and steel workers, 225
Italian Socialists, 62
Jingo press, 6, 76
Joint standing industrial councils.
See Whitley Reports
Jones, Jack, 19, 115, 263
Jowett, F. W., 40
Jubilee year of the Trades Unin
Congress, 197
Jugo-Slavs, 63
Kautsky, Karl, 311
Keighley, 113
Kerensky, at Labour Party confer-
ence, June, 1918, 90, 94, 95, 96, I
Kipling, 146
Kirkwood, David, 161, 162, 336
Kneeshaw, J. W., 296, 298
Kropotkin, Prince, 333
Labor boards. See Shop Commit-
tees, etc.
Labor formations, various, 18
Labor members of the coalition
220, 336
Labor movement, American. See
American, etc.
Labor movement, British, Amer
ican antithesis, 255; American
comparison, 52; democratic prin-
ciples, 309; early development, 3;
England as contrasted with other
countries, 7; extreme left and
extreme right, 291; extreme
right motivations, 228; joint
statement of Oct. 9, 1918, 325:
leaders, 173, 266, 335; leadership
340; majority course, 292; offen-
sive (rise of international pol-
icy), 3; organizing sentiment, 56;
peace objectives-summary, 83-
84; personal, 53; pressure on Al-
lied governments for war aims
statement, 320; separatist move-
ments, 220; so-called split, 257;
support of President Wilson's
course, 325; tendency, 335; three
steps, 9, 334; unity, 273, 285, 298;
vitality, 341; working class opin-
ion, 54
Labor movement in Western Eu-
rope, 334
Labor representation at peace ta-
ble, 300, 304
"Labor's War Aims," 239
Labour, Minister of, Memoran-
dum, etc., 440
Labour and the New Social Or
der, 42, 45, 125, 224, 372
Labour Leader, 99
Labour Party, British, breaking of
truce with the government, III;
central policy, 267; constitution
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