GREEN RIVER, flowing westward from the Cascade Mountains and emptying into White River at Auburn, King County. This river is the source of Tacoma's water supply. The name was descriptive when used by the early writers and map-makers. James G. Swan says the Indian name was Nooscope. (Northwest Coast, page 426.) Lieutenant A. W. Tinkham gives the Indian name as Nook-han-noo. (Pacific Railroad Reports, Volume XI, Part II, Chart 3.) The upper waters were apparently confused by Theodore Winthrop, 1853, with those of the Greenwater River, a mountain tributary of White River.

GREENS SPUR, Whatcom County, see Standard.

GREENVILLE HARBOR, a small indentation on the ocean shore south of Point Grenville, Grays Harbor County, is shown with this name on James Tilton's Map of a Part of Washington Territory, September, 1859. (In United States Public Documents, Serial No. 1026.) Such difference in spelling frequently occurs.

GREENWATER RIVER, a mountain tributary of White River and forming part of the boundary between Pierce and King Counties. Lieutenant Robert E. Johnson of the Wilkes Expedition, 1841, gives the Indian name as Smalocho.

GREENWOOD, a postoffice in Grays Harbor County. It was named in 1914 by John Landers, the oldest settler there, after the Greenwood Timber Company, a large holder of timber in that vicinity. (James W. Finn, in Names MSS., Letter 542.)

GREENWOOD, on the south side of Nooksack River, near Lynden, Whatcom County. The name arose from the schoolhouse being surrounded with evergreen trees. (Mrs. Phoebe N. Judson, Lynden, in

Names MSS., Letter 187.)

GREGOR, a station on the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway in Adams County. It was named for a prominent owner of land in that vicinity McGregor- but was shortened so as to avoid confusion with the name of McAdam, another station on the same division of the railroad. (L. C. Gilman, in Names MSS., Letter 590.)

GRIFFIN BAY, a large bay at the southwest extremity of San Juan Island, San Juan County. The Wilkes Expedition, 1841, charted the bay as "Ontario Roads." The British Admiralty Chart 2689, Richards, 1858-1859, first gave the name Griffin Bay, which has remained on all charts since. The name is an honor for Charles John Griffin, Colonial justice of the Peace, and an official of the Hudson's Bay Company, in charge of their Bellevue Farm on San Juan Island. He maintained the British claims when Isaac N. Ebey, American Collector of Customs, undertook to exercise authority there. The long dispute

which ended in arbitration will be discussed under the name of San

Juan.

GRINDSTONE, in Pierce County. When the trails to the Tahoma Mining District near North Mowich Glacier, Mount Rainier, were being constructed, 1900, a grindstone was placed at a camp in the woods. All the men went there to grind, and the stone being left there the place became known as Grindstone. (Thomas E. Farrell, in Names MSS., Letter 118.)

GROTTO, in the northeastern portion of King County. The place was named from its beauty, many of the deep gorges resembling great caves at a distance. (W. H. Bruchart, in Names MSS., Letter 432.)

GROUSE CREEK, in the southwestern part of Asotin County. "The grouse were very thick in the early days when I came here, and there are quite a lot of them yet." (Henry Hansen, of Hanson's Ferry, in Names MSS., Letter 236.)

GUEMES ISLAND AND CHANNEL, in the northwestern part of Skagit County. The Spanish explorer Eliza, 1791, named it "Isla de Gueme" in honor of the Viceroy of Mexico, under whose orders he had sailed to the Northwest. The Viceroy's full name was Señor Don Juan Vicente de Guemes Pacheco y Padilla Orcasitees y Aguayo, Conde de Revilla Gigedo. (Pacific Railroad Reports, Volume XII, Part I, page 302.) Parts of the long name are in use for geographical names. Vancouver did not attempt to name the island in 1792, but in that year the Spaniards, Galiano and Valdez, repeated Eliza's name as "Isla de Guemes." The Wilkes Expedition, 1841, undertook to change the name to "Lawrence Island" in honor of the famous American naval hero, James Lawrence. To intensify the honor, Wilkes gave the name "Hornet Harbor" to what is now known as Guemes Channel after the vessel Lawrence commanded when he captured the English vessel Penguin in the War of 1812, and to the north of the island he charted "Penguin Harbor," which name has disappeared, being considered a part of the present Bellingham Channel. In 1847, Captain Kellett restored the name Guemes Island on the British Admiralty Chart 1911. That name has been retained on the United States Government charts, which have also added the names of Guemes Channel and Bellingham Channel. GUERRIERE BAY, see West Sound, San Juan County.

GUETES LAKE, west of Keechelus Lake, Kittitas County. Lieutenant A. W. Tinkham gave it by the Indian name of "Wee-ly-let-sars Lake" in 1854. (Pacific Railroad Reports, Volume XI, Part II, Chart 3.)

(To be continued)

DOCUMENTS

WASHINGTON'S FIRST CONSTITUTION, 1878

Those who have read the proceedings of the convention at Walla Walla, which framed the constitution, will recall that the questions of prohibition and woman suffrage were submitted as separate articles to be voted upon at the same general election at which the constitution itself was to be adopted or rejected.

At that same election there was rather a bitter contest between Thomas H. Brents (Republican) and N. T. Caton (Democrat) for Delegate to Congress. There was great interest in the question of prospective statehood but in the election itself greatest interest centered in the delegateship.

The election took place on November 4, 1878, and about that time the Daily Intelligencer of Seattle published a table showing the population of Washington Territory by counties as follows:

Looking back through forty years, it seems that the population was rather slender to sustain the ambitions for statehood. The proposed area was great enough. In addition to Washington Territory, the three northern counties, or "panhandle" of Idaho, were to have been included. Those people in Idaho were even more interested than were those of Washington. The Democratic Press of Port Townsend, said on December 26, 1878: "The total vote of Idaho Territory at the recent election was 5,939, against 4,958 in 1876-a gain of 971, the principal portion of which is in the northern counties which are nearly unanimously petitioning to be set off to Washington Territory." The Seattle Intelligencer of November 25, 1878, copied from the Teller of Lewiston, Idaho: "There were a few who seemed wholly indifferent upon the question, but at this time we cannot learn of 25 votes cast against the Constitution in the three counties. Shoshone county

cast but one vote against it. Mt. Idaho, the largest precinct in Idaho county, cast but two votes against it. Lewiston, the largest precinct in Nez Perce county, cast but four votes against it. The northern precincts of this county did nearly as well."

Soon after the election it seems to have become generally known that the Constitution had been adopted and that the separate articles had been rejected. The Seattle Intelligencer and the Port Townsend Democratic Press published the vote on the Constitution only for neighboring counties. Each published editorials on the adoption of the Constitution and a favorable comment by the San Francisco Bulletin. Each gave the official vote by counties for Delegate to Congress. The following record of the official vote on the Constitution is obtained from the Portland Oregonian of December 2, 1878:

On November 16, 1878, the Seattle Intelligencer closed an editorial on "Our Constitution" as follows: "Whether we are admitted this year, next year, or at some future time, we believe this Constitution will keep, and that the people of the Territory will not incur the expense of forming another."

One of the most prominent members of the Walla Walla convention was Col. C. H. Larrabee who spent the winter of 1878-1879 in Washington City. He wrote a letter to the Seattle Intelligencer which was copied in the Port Townsend Democratic Press of January 9, 1879, saying that Washington Territory could not hope for statehood until 1881 or 1882. It was hard to explain, he said, the unprecedented majority for the Republican candidate for Delegate to Congress.

On October 6, 1879, Governor Elisha P. Ferry closed his message to the Territorial Legislature by referring to the proposed railroads, to agriculture, manufacturing, commerce, climate. "And," said he, "if to those natural advantages we present a system of just laws, wisely and impartially administered, finance honestly and economically conducted, a common school and university system, adequate for the education of the rising generation, we will retain those who are now here or may hereafter come, and will soon be fully prepared to enter upon the honors, duties and responsibilities of statehood." JOHN T. CONDON.

CONSTITUTION

PREAMBLE

WE THE PEOPLE, grateful to the Supreme Ruler of the Universe for our freedom, in order to secure and perpetuate its blessings, form a more independent and perfect government, establish justice, insure tranquility, provide for the common defense and promote the general welfare, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the State of Washington.

ARTICLE I

BOUNDARIES

THE BOUNDARIES of the State of Washington shall be as follows: Commencing one marine league west from the mouth of the middle of the north ship-channel of the Columbia River; thence along the northern boundary of the State of Oregon, up said river, to where the forty-sixth parallel of north latitude intersects the same near the mouth of the Walla Walla River; thence, east along said parallel to where it intersects the middle of the main channel of Snake River, thence, southerly, along said channel of Snake River, to where it intersects the forty-fifth parallel of north latitude; thence, east along said parallel, to where it intersects the meridian thirty-seven degrees and thirty minutes west; thence, north along said meridian, to where it intersects the crest of the Bitter Root range of mountains; thence, northwesterly, along the crest of said mountains, to where it intersects the thirty-ninth meridian west; thence, north, along said meridian to the boundary line of the British Possessions; thence, westerly along the line of the British Possessions to a point one marine league west from the mouth of the middle channel of the Straits of Juan de Fuca; thence southerly, a distance of one marine league west from the east shore of the Pacific Ocean, to the place of beginning—including all

1 "West of Washington" being 114° and 30' west of Greenwich. "West of Washington" being 116° west of Greenwich.