(3) in navigable channels where the difficulty of passage necessitates this prohibition, which must be expressly formulated by the competent authorities.

Art. 13. Every aircraft which enters above a prohibited zone is to alight at the first signal from the competent authorities and if it cannot do so immediately, the landing or alighting on the water is to be made as soon as possible.

Chapter IV. Jettison.

Art. 14. Jettison consists in any voluntary throwing overboard of objects, bodies or materials of any kind.

Art. 15. Jettison of all things of a nature to injure either persons or property is prohibited, except in case of imminent danger.

Art. 16. In any case, the damage done gives cause for reparation.

Chapter V. Wrecks.

Art. 17. Whoever finds all or part of a disabled and abandoned aircraft must make declaration thereof to the proper authority.

Art. 18. The competent authority, when duly advised, will immediately take the measures necessary to assure the preservation of the wreck and the discovery of the owner.

Art. 19. The owner of the wreck may reclaim it from the authorities in charge of it within the period of one year from the discovery by paying the expenses of preserving it.

In addition, he must pay the finder a premium of discovery calculated on the basis of 10 per cent. of the value on the day of restitution, minus expenses.

Chapter VI. Legislation applicable and jurisdiction competent in respect to aerial locomotion.

Art. 20. The aircraft which is above the high sea or a territory not under the sovereignty of any state is subject to the legislation and the jurisdiction of the country whose nationality it possesses.

Art. 21. When an aircraft is above the territory of a foreign state, the acts committed and the deeds occurring on board, which are of a nature to compromise the security or the public order of the subjacent state, are regulated by

the legislation of the territorial state and judged by its Courts.

Art. 22. Reparation for damages caused to the persons and goods above the territory of the subjacent state by an aircraft is regulated by the law of this state. The action for relief may be brought either before the Courts of this state or before the Courts of the state whose nationality the aircraft possesses.

Art. 23. Acts committed and deeds occurring in space on board an aircraft and which do not affect the security or the public order of the subjacent state remain subject to the legislation and the jurisdiction of the country whose nationality the aircraft possesses.

Art. 24. In case of a birth or a death on board during an aerial voyage, the pilot will make record thereof on the log-book. In the first place (localite) where the aircraft shall land, the pilot will have to deposit a copy of the record which he shall have made. The deposit will be made as follows: If the place is part of the territory whose nationality the aircraft possesses, to the proper public authority; if the place is situated in foreign territory, in the hands of the consul whose nationality the aircraft possesses. In case there is no consul in this place, the copy of the record will be sent by the pilot by registered mail to the consular authority, or to the competent authority whose nationality the aircraft possesses.

Book II. Private Aerial Law.

Title I.-Civil.

Chapter I. Property Above.

Art. 25. No one may, on account of a property right, hinder the passage of aircraft under conditions which do not present for him any appreciable inconvenience.

Art. 26. Any abuse of the right of passage gives cause against its responsible author for action for damages.

Chapter II. Reparation for Damage caused by Aircraft.

Art. 27. Reparation for damage caused by an aircraft either to persons or goods that are on the surface of the earth falls on the custodian of the aircraft, the right of the

injured person to look to the one responsible at common law being unimpaired.

Art. 28. The custodian, held to reparation for the damage done, has a recourse against the responsible author thereof in accordance with the common law.

Art. 29. In case the damage should be due wholly or in part to the act of the person injured, the Judge shall have the right to pronounce the total or partial exoneration of the custodian.

Art. 30. The custodian may bring the exception of force majeure as a defence.

Art. 31. The provisions of Art. 27 are not applicable if, at the moment of the accident, the person injured or the thing damaged were transported by aircraft, or if the person injured was himself occupied in the management of the machine.

The remainder of the code is to be worked out on the following plan:

Chapter 3. (a) Rights of Citizens and their Application (by analogy with Art. 1382 of the French Civil Code.) (b) Indemnities for Landing and Jettison.

Chapter 4. Force Majeure in Civil Matters.

Chapter 5. Terrestial Common Law and Modifications Applicable.

Chapter 6. Domicile of the Aeronaut.

Title II.-Commercial.

Chapter 1. Patents and Additions Thereto.
Chapter 2. International Commercial Contracts.

Chapter 3. International Commercial Companies.

Chapter 4. International Pledges.

Chapter 5. International Rental Contract.

Chapter 6. Seizure and Sale of Aircraft outside of the Home Ports.

Chapter 7. International Insurance.

Book III.-Administrative Aerial Law.

Chapter 1. Highway and Aerial Roads.

Chapter 2. (a) Administrative Regulation of Aerial Voyages.

(b) Police for Aerial Locomotion Above and Within the Pounds of Cities and Population Centres.

(c) Police for Aerial Locomotion above Terrestial, Maritime and Fluvial Ways.

Chapter 3. Administrative Regulation of Aerodromes and Aerial Courses.

Chapter 4. Guaranty of Competency of Aeronauts.

Book IV.-Penal Aerial Law.

Title L-Crimes and Misdemeanours against the Safety of States.

Title II-Crimes and Misdemeanours against Individuals.

Chapter 1. (a) Abuse of Authority.

(b) Hindrances to the Free Exercise of Aerial Locomotion.

(c) Attempts against the Safety of Aeronauts or Pilots. and their Machines.

Chapter 2. Damage to Monuments.

Chapter 3. (a) Gross Negligence.

(b) Involuntary Assaults and Homicides. (c) Disregard of Regulations.

Chapter 4. Force Majeure in Penal Matters.

EDITORIAL.

On Tuesday the 31st day of March, 1914, a new organization started on the first stage of what it is hoped will be a very successful career. This was the newly formed Canadian Bar Association, inspired by the great meeting of the American Bar Association at Montreal in September of last year. The formation of a similar Association has been a live topic of discussion throughout the length and breadth of Canada ever since. The American Bar Association has worked wonders for the regeneration and unification of the laws and of legal procedure in the United States, in addition to which the annual meeting of the Association has linked together in bonds of good-fellowship the legal profession from one end of the United States to the other to such an extent that men of the highest standing in their profession do not hesitate to spend several weeks of their valuable time, and travel thousands of miles to attend this annual meeting. It is to be hoped that the members of the newly formed Canadian Bar Association will be equally loyal, and if they are so, there is no doubt but that the work of the Association through the various branches will be a great, if not the greatest, factor not only in the unification and elevation of Canadian laws but also in the drawing together of the various provinces and the peoples of these provinces scattered as they are over four thousand miles of territory.

At the organization meeting of the Canadian Bar Association which was held in the Railway Committee Room of the House of Commons at Ottawa, the address of the afternoon was delivered by Mr. Charles T. Terry of New York, who came as the representative of Ex-President Taft, the President of the American Bar Association. Mr. Terry's speech was full of meat and might have been considered by some socialistic or even revolutionary, but as the speaker proceeded it was found to be the reverse, and the wonderful work which the committee of which Mr. Terry is chairman had done in the unification of the laws of the United States was made evident. It is hoped that a full