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greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner chuse the President. But in chusing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State having one Vote; A quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two-thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice-President.]

The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States.

No person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty-five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.

English v. The Trustees of the Sailors' Snug Harbor, 3 Pet. 99.

In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.

The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, on any of them.

Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., 157 U. S. 429.

Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation:-"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.

SECTION 2. The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia. of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have the Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States, except in Cases of Impeach

ment.

United States v. Wilson, 7 Pet. 150. Ex parte William Wells, 18 How. 307. Ex parte Garland, 4 Wall. 333. Armstrong's Foundry, 6 Wall. 766. The Grape Shot, 9 Wall. 129. United States v. Padelford, 9 Wall. 542. United States v. Klein, 13 Wall. 128. Armstrong v. The United States, 13 Wall. 152. Pargoud v. The United States, 13 Wall. 156. Hamilton . Dillin, 21 Wall. 73. Mechanics and Traders' Bank v. Union Bank, 22 Wall. 276. Lamar, ex., v. Browne et al., 92 U. S. 187. Wallach et al. v. Van Riswick, 92 U. S. 202.

He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.

Ware v. Hylton et al., 3 Dall. 199. Marbury v. Madison, 1 Cr. 137. United States v. Kirkpatrick, 9 Wh. 720. American Insurance Company v. Canter (356 bales cotton), 1 Pet. 511. Foster and Elam . Neilson, 2 Pet. 253. Cherokee Nation v. State of Georgia, 5 Pet. 1. Patterson . Gwinn et al., 5 Pet. 233. Worcester v. State of Georgia, 6 Pet. 515. City of New Orleans v. De Armas et al., 9 Pet. 224. Holden v. Joy, 17 Wall. 211. Geofroy v. Riggs, 133 U. S. 258. Homer v. U. S., 143 U. S. 570. Shoemaker c. U. S., 147 U. S. 282. Parsons v. U. S., 167 U. S. 324.

The President shall have Power to fill may happen during the Recess of the

up all Vacancies that Senate, by granting

Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.

The United States v. Kirkpatrick et al., 9 Wh. 720.

SECTION 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.

Marbury v. Madison, 1 Cr. 137. Kendall, Postmaster General, v. The United States, 12 Pet. 524. Luther v. Borden, 7 How. 1. The State of Mississippi v. Johnson, President, 4 Wall. 475. Stewart v. Kahn, 11 Wall 493. In re Neagle, 135 U. S. 1.

SECTION 4. The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.

ARTICLE III.

SECTION 1. The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services a Compensation which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.

Chisholm, ex. v. Georgia, 2 Dall. 419. Stuart v. Laird, 1 Cr. 299. United States v. Peters, 5 Cr. 115. Cohens v. Virginia, 6 Cr. 264. Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, 1 Wh. 304. Osborn v. United States Bank, 9 Wh. 738. Benner et al. v. Porter, 9 How. 235. The United States v. Ritchie, 17 How. 525. Murray's Lessee et al. v. Hoboken Land and Improvement Company, 18 How. 272. Ex parte Vallandigham, 1 Wall. 243. Ames v. Kansas, 111 U. S. 449. In re Ross, 140 U. S. 453. McAllister v. U. S., 141 U. S. 174. Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., 157 U. S. 429. Robertson v. Baldwin, 165 U. S. 275.

SECTION 2. The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be

made, under their Authority;-to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls ;-to all Cases of admiralty and Maritime Jurisdiction;-to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;-to Controversies between two or more States ;-between a State and Citizens of another State;-between Citizens of different States,-between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.

Hayburn's Case (note), 2. Dall. 410. Chisholm, ex. v. Georgia, 2 Dall. 419. Glass et al. v. Sloop Betsey, 3 Dall. 6. United States v. La Vengeance, 3 Dall. 297. Hollingsworth et al. v. Virginia, 3 Dall. 378. Mossman, ex. v. Higginson, 4 Dall. 12. Marbury v. Madison, 1 Cr. 137. Hepburn et al. v. Ellzey, 2 Cr. 444. United States v. Moore, 3 Cr. 159. Strawbridge et al. v. Curtiss et al., 3 Cr. 267. Ex parte Bollman and Swartwout, 4 Cr. 75. Rose v. Himely, 4 Cr. 241. Chappedelaine et al. v. Dechenaux, 4 Cr. 305. Hope Insurance Company v. Boarman et al., 5 Cr. 57. Bank of United States v. Devaux et al., 5 Cr. 61. Hodgson et al. v. Bowerbank et als., 5 Cr. 303. Owings v. Norwood's Lessee, 5 Cr. 344. Durousseau v. The United States, 6 Cr. 307. United States v. Hudson and Goodwin, 7 Cr. 32. Martin v. Hunter, 1 Wh. 304. Colson et al. v. Lewis, 2 Wh. 377. United States v. Bevans, 3 Wh. 336. Cohens v. Virginia, 6 Wh. 264. Ex parte Kearney, 7 Wh. 38 Matthews v. Zane, 7 Wh. 164. Osborn v. United States Bank, 9 Wh. 738. United States v. Ortega, 11 Wh. 467. American Insurance Company v. Canter (356 bales cotton), 1 Pet. 511. Jackson v. Twentyman, 2 Pet. 136. Cherokee Nation v. State of Georgia, 5 Pet. 1. State of New Jersey v. State of New York, 5 Pet. 283. Davis v. Packard et al., 6 Pet. 41. United State v. Arredondo et al., 6 Pet. 691. Davis v. Packard et al., 7 Pet. 276. Breedlove et al. v. Nickolet et al., 7 Pet. 413. Brown v. Keene, 8 Pet. 112. Davis v. Packard et al., 8 Pet. 312. City of New Orleans v. De Armas et al., 9 Pet. 224. The State of Rhode Island v. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 12 Pet. 657 The Bank of Augusta v. Earle, 13 Pet. 519. The Commercial and Railroad Bank of Vicksburg v. Slocomb et al., 14 Pet. 60. Suydam et al. v. Broadnax, 14 Pet. 67. Prigg v. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 16 Pet. 530. Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railway Company . Leston, 2 How. 497. Cary et als. v. Curtis, 3 How. 236. Warring v. Clark, 5 How. 441. Luther v. Borden, 7 How. 1. Sheldon et al. v. Sill, 8 How. 441. The Propeller Genesee Chief v. Fitzhugh et al., 12 How. 443. Fretz et al. v. Ball et al., 12 How. 466. Neves et al. v. Scott et al., 13 How. 268. State of Pennsylvania v. The Wheeling, etc. Bridge Company et al., 13 How. 518. Marshall v. The Baltimore and Ohio R. R. Co., 16 How. 314. The United States v. Guthrie, 17 How. 284. Smith v. State of Maryland, 18 How. 71. Jones et al. v. League, 18 How. 76. Murray's Lessee et al. v. Hoboken Land and Improvement Company, 18 How. 272. Hyde et al. e. Stone, 20 How. 170. Irvine v. Marshall, et al. 20 How. 558. Holmes, 21 How. 481. Moorewood et al. v. Erequist, 23 How. 491. Commonwealth of Kentucky v. Dennison, Governor, 24 How. 66. Ohio and

Fenn v.

Mississippi Railroad Company v. Wheeler, 1 Black, 286. The Steamer Saint Lawrence, 1 Black, 522. The Propeller Commerce, 1 Black, 574. Ex parte Vallandigham, 1 Wall. 243. Ex parte Milligan, 4 Wall. 1. The Moses Taylor, 4 Wall. 411. State of Mississipi v. Johnson, President, 4 Wall. 475. The Heine v. Trevor, 4 Wall. 555. City of Philadelphia v. The Collector, 5 Wall, 720. State of Georgia v. Stanton, 6 Wall. 50. Payne v. Hook, 7 Wall, 425. The Alicia, 7 Wall. 571. Ex parte Yerger, 8 Wall. 85. Insurance Company v. Dunham, 11 Wall. 1. Virginia v. West Virginia, 11 Railway Company v.

Wall. 39. Coal Company v. Blatchford, 11 Wall. 172. Whitton's Adm., 13 Wall. 270. Tarble's Case, 13 Wall. 397. Blyew et al. v. The United States, 13 Wall. 581. Davis v. Gray, 16 Wall. 203. Case of the Sewing Machine Companies, 18 Wall. 353. Insurance Company v. Morse, 20 Wall. 445. wanna, 21 Wall. 558.

Dows, 94 U. S. 444. 535.

Vannevar v. Bryant, 21 Wall. 41. The LottaGaines v. Fuentes et al., 92 U. S. 10. Miller v. Doyle v. Continental Insurance Company, 94 U. S. Tennessee v. Davis, 100 U. S. 257. 678. Barron v. Burnside, 121 U. S. 186. Southern Railway v. Vickers, 122 U. S. 360. S. 581. Brooks v. Missouri, 124 U. S. 394. New Orleans Water Works v. Louisiana Sugar Refining Co., 125 U. S. 18.

Baldwin v. Franks, 120 U. S. St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Chinese Ex. Case, 130 U.

Spencer v. Merchant, 125 U.

S. 345. Dale Tile Mfg. Co. v. Hyatt, 125 U. S. 46. Felix v. Scharnweber, 125 U. S. 54. Hannibal and St. Joseph R. R. v. Missouri River Packet Co., 125 U. S. 260. Kreiger v. Shelby R. R. Co., 125 U. S. 39. Craig v. Leitensdorfer, 127 U. S. 764. Jones v. Craig, 127 U. S. 213. Wisconsin v. Pelican Ins. Co., 127 U. S. 265. U. S. v. Beebe, 127 U. S. 338. Chinese Ex. Case, 130 U. S. 581. Lincoln County v. Luning, 133 U. S. 529. Christian v. Atlantic & N. C. R. Rd. Co., 133 U. S. 233. Haus v. Louisiana, 134 U. S. 1. Louisiana ex rel. The N. Y. Guaranty & Indemnity Co. v. Steele, 134 U. S. 280. Jone v. U. S., 137 U. S. 202. Manchester v. Mass., 139 U. S. 240. In re Ross, 140 U. S. 453. In re Garnett, 141 U. S. 1. U. S. v. Texas, 143 U. S. 621. Cooke v. Avery, 147 U. S. 375. S. Pac. Co. v. Denton, 146 U. S. 202. Lawton v. Steele, 152 U. S. 133. Interstate Com. Comsn. v. Brinson, 154 U. S. 447. Chappell v. U. S., 160 U. S. 499. St. Louis, etc. Ry. Co. v. James, 161 U. S. 545. Hanford v. Davies, 163 U. S. 273. Fallbrook Irrigation District v. Bradley, 164 U. S. 112. In re Lennon, 166 U. S. 548. Meyer v. Richmond, 172 U. S. 82. Henderson Bridge Co. v. Henderson City, 173 U. S. 592. La Abra Silver Mining Co. v. U. S., 175 U. S. 423. Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U. S. 1. Western Union Telegraph Co. v. Ann Arbor R. R. Co., 178 U. S. 239. Smith v. Reeves, 178 U. S. 436. Motes v. U. S., 178 U. S. 458. Wiley v. Sinkler, 179 U. S. 58. Kansas v. Colorado, 185 U. S. 125.

In all cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such

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