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4. But cent and quatre-vingt never take the s when followed by another numeral adjective; as, deux CENT cinquante personnes, two hundred and fifty persons; quatreVINGT dix-sept maisons, ninety-seven houses.

5. Before onze, and the ordinal number onzième, the definite article is written, as though these words began with a consonant, and we say le onze, the eleventh; du onzième, of the eleventh; instead of l'onze, de l'onzième, which are never used.

6. When speaking of dates, mille, thousand, is changed into mil; as, dans l'année mil huit cent trente, in the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty. In all other instances we write mille; as, deux mille hommes, two thousand When, however, mille means a mile, it follows the rule of other substantives, and takes an s in the plural.

men.

7. When two cardinal numbers are joined, the highest number is placed first, and the English conjunction and is not rendered in French; thus we say trente-deux, and not deux et trente, two and thirty, &c.

8. But from twenty to eighty the conjunction et is used before un; as, quarante-ET-UN jours, one and forty days.

9. When any of the cardinal numbers precede a participle past, they are accompanied by the preposition de. Ex. Il y en eut vingt D'absous et cinq DE condamnés, twenty of them were acquitted and five were condemned.

10. The cardinal numbers, instead of the ordinal, must be used in French when speaking of the days of the month, except the first. Ex. Le TROIS de Novembre, the third of November; le PREMIER de Mai, the first of May.

11. The preposition on, which in English precedes a date, must not be rendered in French: as, he died on the eleventh of November, il mourut le onze de Novembre, and not SUR le onze, &c.

12. In speaking of sovereigns the cardinal number is used in French instead of the ordinal, and the article is omitted as, George the Third, George TROIS; Henry the Fourth, Henri QUATRE. But the two first ordinal numbers are an exception to this rule, and we say, still omitting the article, François PREMIER, Francis the First; Charles SECOND, Charles the Second.

13. In speaking of the Emperor Charles the Fifth, and of the Pope Sixtus the Fifth, we say, Charles Quint and

Sixte Quint, quint being a contraction of the Latin word quintus, fifth.

14. Besides the numeral adjectives, or nouns of number, above mentioned, there are other substantives expressive of number, such as the collective, which express a collected number; as, une douzaine, a dozen; une vingtaine, twenty, &c.; the distributive, which express a part of a number; as, la moitié, the half; le quart, the fourth, &c. .. and the proportional, which express a multiplication of the number; as, le double, the double; le triple, the triple, &c.

QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION.

ON THE NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

What is meant by cardinal and ordinal numbers? When do cent and quatre-vingt take an s in the plural ? How is the definite article used before onze and onzième? Does the numeral adjective mille undergo any change? When two cardinal numbers occur together, how are they rendered in French?

What occurs if a cardinal number precedes a participle? Are the cardinal or the ordinal numbers used in French when speaking of the day of the month?

Should the preposition on, which precedes a date in English, be rendered in French?

Is the cardinal or the ordinal number used in French when speaking of sovereigns?

How are Charles the Fifth and Sixtus the Fifth rendered in French?

What other words expressive of number are there?

EXERCISES ON NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

I. EXERCISE ON RULES 1-9, p. 45, 46.

I was in the

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nine ladies. He has spoken to three officers and two

parlé

officiers

generals.-The army of our allies was composed of a général, m. armée, f. nos allié, m.

composée hundred thousand men of infantry, and of twenty thousand infanterie, f.

men of cavalry. They took fifteen

cavalerie, f.

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hundred men pri

firest
four thousand,

pri

wounded a thou

en blessèrent millions in specie.en espèce, f.

sand, and (carried away) above two

emportèrent plus de

The battle (was fought) in one thousand eight hundred bataille, f. se livra

en

and fourteen, at three o'clock in the morning.-I shall be

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here (at about) eleven o'clock.—I have found a purse

ici

vers

heure.

in

trouvé bourse, f. dans

which (there were) one and thirty guineas, one and forty laquelle il y avait

guinée, f.

crowns, and one and twenty shillings.—I saw one and fifty écu, m.

men assembled before

chelin, m. J'ai vu

St. James's palace.-When my

assemblé devant, p. St. Jacques, m.

Quand

brother died he was one and thirty years old.—Mr. P.

mourut avait

6

(will pay) me one and sixty guineas.—I received yesterday paiera me1

by the

reçus

hier

last mail one and forty letters.-The enemy

dernier malle, f.

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lettre, f. ennemis, pl. seventy wounded, forty blessé, p. p.

prisoners.

fait, p. p.

prisonnier.

and five hundred taken

II. EXERCISE ON RULES 10 AND 11, p. 46.

My friend will come to see us on the fifth of next viendra voir2 nous1

du prochain

falls on the twenty-fifth of

month. -Lady day*
mois1, m. Notre-dame, f. jour, m. tombe

March. In the leap year the month of February has

Mars, m.

bissextile année1, f.

mois, m.

Février, m.

· Lady-day; that is to say, the day of our lady.

one day more, which is the twenty-ninth.-Come on the

de plus, qui

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Venez

On the 11th of June I received

twelve letters, but the eleventh has

Juin, m. reçus

afforded me more a2 procuré3 me1 plus

pleasure than the others. Mrs. B. is the fifth lady

Madame, f.

whom I have seen to-day.-The spring

begins on

que vue aujourd'hui printemps, m. commence the twenty-first or twenty-second of March. He cannot

Mars, m.

ne peut spend the sixth part of his fortune.-The eleventh of

dépenser

partie, f.

fortune, f.

November, which is the eleventh month of the year,

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was

année, f.

III. EXERCISE ON RULES 12 AND 13, P. 46.

See Rule 6, on the Article, p. 14.

Edward the Sixth, the son of Henry the Eighth, Edouard fils, m. Henri and the grandson of Henry the Seventh, (was but) nine

petit-fils

n'avait que

years old when he began to reign.-Henry the Fifth, an, m. quand commença à régner.

king of England, the son of Henry the Fourth, and father roi, m.

of Henry the Sixth, married Catharine, the daughter of épousa Catherine, f.

fille

Charles the Sixth, king of France, conquered the greatest

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part of that kingdom, and died (in the) midst of partie, f. ce royaume, m. mourut au

milieu

his victories.-George the Fourth was son of George the ses victoire, f. George

était

Third.-Charles the Fifth, king of Spain, and the Pope

Sixtus the Fifth, were two great men.

étaient grand

Pape, m.

D

RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES UPON THE

ADJECTIVE.

utile

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Iron, steel, and brass, are more useful than gold Fer, m. acier, m. cuivre, m. and silver. This house is well argent. Cette maison, f. bien

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situated.-That church is situé. Cette église, f. custom.-The study of coutume, f.

étude, f.

grammar is neither so dry nor so dull as (it is thought). grammaire, f. n'est ni sec ni triste on se l'imagine.

-This cloth is the best of all.-Your brothers have

meilleur f. pl.

Vos

ont

Cette étoffe, f. been very fortunate, and your sisters extremely unété

heureux,

extrêmement malfortunate. (There is) in the neighbourhood a forest twenty heureux. Il y a

voisinage, m.

miles long and eleven wide.-These old

mille, m.

Ces

forêt, f. clothes are hardes, f. ne sont

good for nothing. (There is) a new fashion (every year).

à rien.

Il y a

nouveau mode tous les ans.

Louis

-Those two pictures are not equal in merit.-Lewis Ces deux tableau, m. ne sont pas égal en mérite. the Sixteenth was the grandson of Lewis the Fifteenth.

petit-fils

William, surnamed the Conqueror, was one of the

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than Virgil; but Virgil's taste

sans doute grand génie, m. Virgile; mais

was

goût

more delicate and more refined than Homer's

fin

délicat

The rose (is not) less beautiful than the

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the tulip be more rich.-The love of our

soit

amour du

celui d'Homère.

tulip, though tulipe, f. quoique neighbour is prochain

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