Coal, Iron, and Oil, Or, The Practical American Miner: A Plain and Popular Work on Our Mines and Mineral Resources, and a Text-book Or Guide to Their Economical Development |
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Common terms and phrases
air-course Alleghany coal-field angle anthracite coal anthracite regions anticlinal Appalachian Azoic basin bituminous bituminous coal Black Creek breast Broad Mountain Broad Top Buck Mountain cannel carbon Carboniferous cent Coal Company coal formation coal measures coal-basins coal-beds coal-seams coke colliery conglomerate deep deposits depth developed distance district east eastern England exist extent feet in thickness feet thick field figure furnace gangway heat hematites inches increase iron Kanawha labor Lehigh less limestone Locust Mountain lower Mahanoy Mammoth manufacturing miners mines mode Nanticoke north dip Ohio operation outcrops Paleozoic Pennsylvania perpendicular pig metal Pittston portion Pottsville present Primrose production Railroad red-ash Ridge River rocks sandstones Schuylkill Scranton seams shaft shales Shamokin side slate slope south dip square miles strata surface synclinal Tamaqua tion tons tunnel undulations upper Valley veins ventilation vertical section vicinity Virginia volcanic water-level western white-ash workable Wyoming
Popular passages
Page 509 - The three angles of every triangle are together equal to two right angles, or 180 degrees. The greater side of every triangle has the greater angle opposite to it.
Page 60 - ... shivered into millions of minute particles, and, being thrown back into the air, fell in showers of sand on all the surrounding country. The coast was extended into the sea for a quarter of a mile, and a pretty sand beach and a new cape were formed. Three hills of scoria and sand were also formed in the sea, the lowest about two hundred and the highest about three hundred feet.
Page 643 - COOO tons of steel weekly, or equal to fifteen times the entire production of cast steel in Great Britain before the introduction of the Bessemer process. The average selling price of this steel is at least £20 per ton below the average price at which cast steel was sold at the period mentioned. With the present means of production, therefore, a saving of no less than £6,240,000 per annum may be effected in Great Britain alone, even in this infant state of the Bessemer steel manufacture.
Page 21 - ... avoirdupois, travel with this 150 yards up the slope of the coal below ground, ascend a pit by stairs 117 feet, and travel upon the hill 20 yards more to where the coals are laid down. All this she will perform no less than twenty-four times as a day's work...
Page 66 - It resembles a gigantic star-fish, or an immense coach-wheel, divested of the rim. There is a green, dome-like mass in the centre, that corresponds to the nave of the wheel, or the body of the star-fish ; and the boughs shoot out horizontally on every side, like spokes from the nave, or rays from the central body. The diameter considerably exceeds forty feet ; the branches, originally of a deep green, are assuming the golden tinge of decay ; the cylindrical and hollow leaves •stand out thick on...
Page 65 - Or can these tall, palm-like trees be actually ferns, and these spreading branches mere fronds ? And then these gigantic reeds ! — are they not mere varieties of the common horse-tail of our bogs and morasses, magnified some sixty or a hundred times? Have we arrived at some such country as the continent visited by Gulliver, in which he found thickets of weeds and grass tall as woods of twenty years' growth, and lost himself amid a forest of corn, fifty feet in height?
Page 574 - Americans will pay, which the exhausted state of the continent renders very unlikely ; and because it was well worth while to incur a loss upon the first exportation, in order, by the glut, to stifle in the cradle those rising manufactures in the United States, which the war had forced into existence contrary to the natural course of things.
Page 66 - There is an amazing luxuriance of growth all around us. Scarce can the current make way through the thickets of aquatic plants that rise thick from the muddy bottom ; and though the sunshine falls bright on the upper boughs of the tangled forest beyond, not a ray penetrates the more than twilight gloom that broods over the marshy platform below.
Page 627 - ... preventing fluctuations arising from irregularities of firing : and in the new regenerative ovens that had now been described, the great capacity of firebrick for heat had been well taken advantage of, and a very important step in advance had been made by giving the means of raising the temperature of blast much above the extreme limit practicable with the present ovens, and he considered this would be productive of the greatest benefit in the working of the blast furnace. The great improvement...
Page 111 - Made the experiment of burning the common stone coal of the valley, in a grate, in a common fire-place in my house, and find it will answer the purpose of fuel, making a clearer and better fire at less expense than burning wood in the common way.