Mr. Youatt has given the following table as a means of distinguishing between the symptoms of colic and inflammation of the bowels, as the treatment which is beneficial in the first case, is generally fatal to the second :

Colic.

Sudden in its attack.

Pulse rarely much quickened in the early period of the disease and during the intervals of ease, but evidently fuller.

Inflammation of the Bowels.

Gradual in its approach,
with previous indica-
tions of fever.
Pulse very much quick-
ened, but small, and
often scarcely to be felt.

Legs and ears of the natu- Legs and ears cold.

The Treatment in this case should always be energetic and active. Bleeding must be resorted to in the first place. Seven or eight quarts of blood may be taken with safety, and if no relief is given in the course of a few hours, five quarts more may be drawn away if the horse is full and plethoric. A clyster must next be thrown up, previous to which it is necessary to back-rake; and by no means make use of purgatives, as they would effectually kill the animal. Tobaccoclysters have sometimes been used with effect. External inflammation must then be excited by means

AL

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of a blister upon the belly, as near the seat of the disease as possible. Cantharides will be quick in their action, but mustard made up with turpentine will be better. If the clysters fail, mild laxatives may be used, given as draughts in gruel-castor oil and aloes will be strong enough. Green food is best while the animal is suffering from the effects of this disease; frequent rubbing of the legs, and a judicious quantity of clothing, is necessary. Several day's rest is required before the horse can be used, and the exercise should be gentle at first.

INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNIES.

Is by no means very common among horses, but it is more frequently fatal from improper treatment, and a misunderstanding of the symptoms and causes, than the immediate fatality of the disease itself.

Causes. Food will often cause it, as musty oats, or mow-burnt hay; exposure to cold; an awkward horseman, especially if heavy, will sometimes bruise the kidnies, and inflammation succeeds; and the same will follow when medicines in the quality of diuretics are used improperly, or in too great doses.

Symptoms.-A difficulty in passing urine, which often comes away bloody; great pain across the loins when pressed; and as the disease advances, the pulse becomes small and very quick.

Treatment.-Bleeding should be promptly resorted

to, and that liberally. If costiveness exists to any extent, back-rake, and then use a clyster; in some cases an active aloe purge may be administered likewise; but at all times abstain from diuretics, as very injurious and dangerous. Turpentine and cantharides should also be avoided; but a mustard blister across the loins will be an effective remedy in producing counterinflammation. Nausea will tend greatly to allay the inflammation, for which purpose

may be administered as a draught in camomile tea every five or six hours. This is to be given after the purge has produced its effect. The animal should be warmly clothed. The symptoms of this disease are very similar to inflammation of the body or neck of the bladder, suppression of urine being the effects of both. To ascertain if the bladder be affected, it will be necessary to pass the hand up the rectum, and the bladder will be no hotter than the other parts when the kidnies only are affected, whereas in the other case the bladder is exceedingly hot and tender,

INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER.

WHEN the body of the bladder is affected, the symptoms and cause are very similar to the last disease; and the only difference in the treatment, is, that the horse should be allowed to drink freely, and warm clysters of gruel may be carefully thrown into the bladder, but this requires a person of some knowledge and judgment of the structure of the horse.