angular vein at the inner corner of the eye is a practice some employ. Scarifying the eyelid may be performed; setons are placed in the cheek. Some resort to the following remedies:

This is made into a mass with soap, and then divided into six balls, one of which is to be given every second morning, fasting.

Take which is preferred or easiest of access, and mix the quantity with linseed meal and soap, and use one ball every day.

Use whatever is direct, or recommended by any practitioner. "One thing is certain," as a modern author expresses it, "the disease ebbs and flows, retreats and attacks, until it reaches its natural termination, blindness of one or both eyes." This, however, is only in reference to the true and severe attack of that dreadful inflammation, Specific Opthalmia.

Mr. Coleman says, this disease of the eye of the horse is an inflammation of a specific nature, totally differing from any that occurs in any other animal. One of the reasons why it is supposed to affect the constitution is, that horses afflicted with this inflammation of the eye, are either totally free from perspiration, or they sweat profusely, indicating a slow fever.

CATARACT,

Is generally the sequent to Specific Opthalmia; and it were needless to prescribe any cure when such a termination has ensued. Many of the ablest practitioners have tried operation after operation in this case but without effect. The Royal Veterinary College has laboured most studiously with the same result.

Simple cataract, as in the human being, does not exist in the horse; the retractor-muscle draws the eye very deeply into the socket, and with such force, that an operation cannot be performed and indeed if it were possible to remove the opaque lens, the sight in such a case would still be very partially obstructed; and it is a well-known fact, that an imperfect vision is useless, and often detrimental to the horse.

GUTTA SERENA,

Is another species of blindness to which the horse is subject, and is likewise known as the Glass Eye; which name it takes from appearance, being bright and fixed, with the pupil more than usually dilated. It It appears to be paralysis of the optic nerve. It is as incurable as cataract. Blistering, bleeding, physicing, and the application of rowels, have been tried in vain. It is ascribed to various causes, as staggers, termination of blood to the head, and affection of the brain.

Sometimes the haw thickens and projects on the fore-part of the eye; cooling lotions, with bleeding and physicing, will disperse all danger. This important organ should never be cut out, as some of the old farriers were accustomed to recommend.

It is a general notion that when vision has been lost to one eye the other is strengthened accordingly; on this, Mr. Percivall in his lectures observes :

"The loss of one eye does not enfeeble sight, because the other acquires greater energy, though it much contracts the field of vision. It is said to render the conception erring, and the case of mis-judgment of distances is the one commonly brought forward to show this. All I can say on this point is, that the best hunter I ever possessed, a horse gifted with extraordinary powers for leaping, was a one-eyed horse, and this animal carried me through a hunting season without, to my recollection, making one single blunder in leaping."

CONTRACTION OF THE FOOT,

Is a disease very general among horses, and more particularly contraction of the heel, when lameness almost invariably is the consequence; and if it has existed for any considerable time, a perfect cure cannot be wrought. It always comes on gradually, and therefore should be checked in the very commencement.

Causes.-There are many circumstances which ac celerate this disease. Among the primary ones, we must attribute it to the strength and thickness of the wall of the hoof. Want of moisture-bad shoeinginternal disease, and consequent alteration of the structure of the foot, will produce contraction. Neglect of paring the sole and lowering the heels, are especial

causes.

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Treatment. When the disease first shows itself, turn the horse out to grass, after removing the shoes; in many instances this will prove successful. When lameness to any extent exists, it is hopeless to attempt a perfect cure. Innumerable have been the methods of treatment, some of which have given temporary relief, while others have produced a worse lameness, where considerable expense has been lavished. Physic, local-bleeding, paring the sole and rasping the quarters, and sometimes scoring the toe, have all been tried; the application of wet cloths, &c. Add to all these a continued rest for five or six months, and oftentimes longer. After these means have been used, though in some cases better, in many the heels have been as bad as ever.

Prevention is better than a cure, and by care and attention the disease can generally be obviated by keeping the feet properly moist, and with care in the shoeing.

Many mechanical contrivances have been hit upon in hopes of working a cure in cases of contraction, but none have answered the desired end.

At times this disease is accompanied with what are denominated Corns.

CORNS.

DIFFER materially from those to which the human being is subject; they are soft and spongy, and have a red appearance; they make the foot very tender, and will not admit of any pressure.

They must be cut out with a very sharp knife, and

if the matter or fluid be great, apply the butter of antimony. Bar-shoes may be put on. They seldom attack the hind-feet.

Unshod colts are usually perfectly free from this and the last-named disease.

THE POMIED SOLE, OR FOOT,

Is the reverse of contraction, and is the result generally of acute inflammation. The quarter may be rasped down, and the toe cut as short as convenient, and the horse may then be turned to grass. Temporary relief may generally be obtained, but a perfect cure can never be effected. Nothing should ever be allowed to press on the pomied portion of the foot. If six months at grass produce no effect, it may be set down as incurable. When the disease has advanced for any length of time the horse becomes useless.

OF WOUNDS.

ALL parts of the horse are liable at some time or other to wounds; consequently their treatment must greatly depend on their nature and external appearance, for they must vary in a great measure according to the instrument that inflicts the injury, its situation, and extent. Some are easily healed, others are tedious, and at times dangerous; but on no subject in the ve terinary science does there exist so much difference of opinion as on treatment of wounds.