Erie Canal drawn by three good horses, driven tandem at a lively pace and changed at relay stations every ten miles, this being the "fast line limited." Three days' delightful travel brought us to Buffalo, where we took a lake steamer for Cleveland. We found the short, jerky waves of that shallow, landbound lake more disturbing than the long, rolling swell of the ocean, and we were glad, after spending a night in that young city of five thousand inhabitants, to be consigned to the quiet waters of the Ohio Canal to begin the last stage of our long pilgrimage.

The charm of woodland and prairie along the northern stretches of this water-way did not impress my boyish mind so much as did some of the incidents of the journey.

On one occasion my dear little sister, Marion, ventured unnoticed by her nurse too near the prow of the boat and fell overboard, causing quite an excitement among the passengers. Her clothes kept her afloat until the boat had almost passed her. I well remember the heroic plunge of the helmsman into the waist deep water to save the "drowning child" and the beaming smile upon his face on receipt of the thanks and reward my father gave him. It was midsummer, and the sight of the tall, growing corn and strange fruit interested us all. The captain had roasting ears for dinner which I thought very fine, and their peculiar flavor remained a memory to be renewed every year on tasting my first roasting ear of the season, and sometimes lingered pleasantly during

the stirring times of the great war when that food was sometimes about our only article of diet.

The village of Nashport, between Newark and Zanesville, near the Licking river, marked the end of our voyaging, for we found my uncle's wagon and driver waiting for us, and we finished the remaining ten miles across the rugged "Flint Ridge" where we were shown great old pits which we were told the Indians had dug for a peculiar flint out of which they formed their arrow heads. A three hours' drive brought us to the National Road, then five years old, which we were all delighted to see for it was in sharp contrast with the rough wagon track over which we had just passed. We were soon welcomed by our Uncle Robert and his charming young wife, the handsome daughter of a good English family near Zanesville, who was a kind aunt to us until she died two years ago.

Here we spent the winter and I was sent to school in a log cabin about a mile away in the woods. It was the surprise of the school that the little Scotch lad six years old could read the Testament and "say the ten commandments off the book."

The Bible is a school-book in Scotland.

In the spring my father bought a fine 200-acre farm across the line in Muskingum County, and this became the home of our family.

CHAPTER 2.

The Scotch Colony.

Soon others of our friends came from Scotland; other farms were bought and a Scotch colony was established about the year 1840 around the villages of Gratiot and Brownsville, two miles apart. Schools and churches were founded and Sunday schools were established. Profanity and drinking were unknown. Saloons which had flourished during the construction of the National Road gradually disappeared and not one has been able to live in either village during the last sixty years.

In 1851 I became a student of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, where I took an irregular course, teaching school at home part of the time. I then became a student of law under Judge Buckingham of Newark and completed the course in the Cincinnati Law School under Judge Bellamy Storer in 1858. In the spring of 1859 I became the junior partner in the law firm of Ball and Hamilton. in Zanesville, Ohio.

This partnership was terminated in 1861 by the opening of the civil war. I had been taken ill with typhoid fever and was lying at my father's house on the farm when the news of the attack on Fort Sumter

set the North on fire. The President called for 75,000 volunteers for three months, as it was supposed the trouble could be adjusted by that time. Recruiting offices were opened in nearly all the county seats in the state.

Three companies were soon organized in Zanesville, and a fourth was commenced in our vicinity. One day Ulysses Westbrook, one of my village schoolmates, came to my room and told me that this company was being recruited by himself and Albert Spaulding of Zanesville, who belonged to a military company and understood military drill, and that about. fifty men had been enlisted. But other companies were ahead of them and he despaired of completing their company in time. "But," said he, "if you will come and help us and say you will take the captaincy, I think we can fill it up in time to be accepted."

During my slow convalescence I had plenty of time to talk to my father and determine my duty in case of a rupture between the states, so I replied, "I will come and help you if I can, but I know but little of military affairs and Spaulding should be the captain." "That is very good," returned Westbrook, "but nearly all the men are my recruits. They don't know Spaulding and they all know you and there are a good many other young men around here who will join us if you will go. We are to have a meeting tomorrow night at Brownsville. If you will come to the meeting we will send a carriage for you. The meeting was held in the street and I talked from a

store box, urging the duty of the young men in the present crisis, and seven added their names to the roll.

Little by little the company roll was increased, but before the full number was secured, the Ohio quota was filled, and we were left out. A number of the boys accepted appointments to fill vacancies in the more fortunate companies and our efforts at that time were ended. The disastrous battle of Bull Run and the President's new call for troops revived our activities. I was notified by Governor Dennison that my company would be received on enlistment for three years or during the war.

The community of which our little Scotch colony formed a part was generally loyal to the government. Although the institution of slavery was abhorred they were not inclined to interfere with the recognized rights of the southern states. Still the ill advised acts of that section produced an alarmed feeling of sorrow and foreboding. They relied with hopeful confidence upon the wisdom of the president-elect who was now to take the helm of the crippled Ship of State to guide it through the reefs which threatened it.

As Mr. Lincoln passed through Newark on his way to Washington for his inauguration my father was one of a number that gathered to meet him, but he came home disappointed and apprehensive, saying that when the train stopped a tall, ungainly man appeared on the platform and in a very ordinary way said in substance as follows: "My Fellow Citizens: