Council not to be concerned in contracts.] No mayor, alderman, councilman, or other officer of a corporation, shall be interested or concerned or employed, directly or indirectly, as an architect, builder, artist, mechanic, workman, merchant, trader, or otherwise howsoever, in any part of the work to be done or materials to be supplied at any such gaol or house of correction, or in any contract whatever relating thereto; and if any one holding such office shall be so interested, concerned, or employed in such work or contract as aforesaid, he shall thenceforward be disqualified from continuing to hold such office, and also from being thereafter elected or appointed to fill any corporate office within any such city or borough. Id. s. 39.

Gaols, within what jurisdiction.] The mayor, aldermen, and burgesses of any borough, by their council, may contract for the purchase of, and to have and hold to them and to their successors, any lands not exceeding in the whole five acres, either within or beyond the limits of the borough, and to build thereon a town-hall, council house, police office, gaol or house of correction for the borough; and any such gaol or house of correction, although built beyond the limits of the borough, may be declared by a resolution of the council, and upon such resolution shall be taken to be, the gaol or house of correction of the borough, and shall be within the same jurisdiction and shall be governed and regulated in like manner as if within the limits of the borough. Id. s. 40.

All county gaols, courts, depôts for arms, and all lands, buildings, easements, and appurtenances thereunto belonging, which before stat. 6 & 7 W. 4, c. 103 were in, of, or belonging to any county, shall be taken to be and considered and shall remain part and parcel of such county, and under the exclusive jurisdiction of the authorities of such county, as if the said last-mentioned Act had not passed. Id. s. 41.

As to contracts of boroughs with the justices of the counties within which such boroughs respectively are situate, for the keeping and maintenance of their prisoners in the county gaol or house of correction, see stats. 5 G. 4, c. 85, ss. 1-7, 5 & 6 W. 4. c. 76, s. 114; and as to their contracts with neighbouring boroughs, for the keeping and maintenance of their prisoners in the gaol or house of correction there, see 5 & 6 W. 4, c. 76, s. 115.

IV. Prison for Juvenile Offenders.

Where.] By stat. 1 & 2 Vict. c. 82, s. 1, Her Majesty by warrant under the royal sign manual, may appoint that certain buildings at Parkhurst in the Isle of Wight, shall be used as a

prison for the confinement of young offenders as are hereinafter specified, as soon as the same can be fitted and completed for that purpose; and the said buildings shall thereupon be within the provisions of stat. 5 & 6 W. 4, c. 58.

Officers.] One of Her Majesty's principal secretaries of state may appoint for Parkhurst prison a governor, a chaplain (being a clergyman not having any other cure of souls), a surgeon, a matron, and such other officers, assistants, and servants as may be necessary, and to fix their salaries, and at pleasure may remove the same and appoint others in their room. Id. s. 2.

The governor or other person having the custody of the offenders, shall have the same powers over such offenders, as are incident to the office of a sheriff or gaoler, and be liable as such. Id. s. 6.

Visitors.] Her Majesty, with the advice of her privy council, may nominate and appoint three or more fit and discreet persons to be visitors of the said prison; and one or more of such visitors shall personally visit such prison at least three times in each quarter of a year, and oftener if occasion shall require, and shall examine into the behaviour and conduct of the respective officers, and the treatment, behaviour, and condition of the prisoners, and of all abuses within the prison; and if he or they shall discover any abuse therein, he or they shall report the same in writing to one of Her Majesty's principal secretaries of state. Id. s. 9.

Rules and regulations.] The secretary of state may make rules for the government aud regulation of Parkhurst prison, and for the discipline of the offenders imprisoned therein; which shall be laid before Parliament. Id. s. 7.

The prisoners.] One of Her Majesty's principal secretaries of state may direct the removal to Parkhurst prison of any young offender, male or female, as well those under sentence or order of transportation as those under sentence of imprisonment, who having been examined by an experienced surgeon or apothecary, shall appear to be free from any putrid or infectious distemper, and fit to be removed. Id. s. 3.

And every offender who shall be so removed to Parkhurst prison, shall continue there, until he shall be transported, or become entitled to his liberty, or until the secretary of state shall direct his removal to the prison from which he shall have been brought. Id. s. 4.

Their removal, in what cases.] The secretary of state may order any offender to be removed from Parkhurst prison as incorrigible; and in every such case the offender so removed

shall be liable to be transported or confined, under his original sentence of transportation or imprisonment. Id. s. 5.

Offences by prisoners.] It shall be lawful for the secretary of state from time to time to specify, by such regulations as aforesaid, such offences which, if committed in Parkhurst prison by male convicts, shall appear to him deserving of corporal punish. ment; if any male offender in Parkhurst prison shall commit any offence whereby he shall under any regulation then in force become liable to corporal punishment, the governor of the said prison shall have power to inflict such punishment. Id. 8. 8.

Breaking prison.] If any offender who shall be ordered to be confined in Parkhurst prison shall break prison or escape from the place of his confinement, or in his conveyance to such place of confinement, such offender shall be punished, if under sentence of imprisonment, by an addition not exceeding two years to the term for which he at the time of his breach of prison or escape was subject to be confined, and if under sentence of transportation, in such manner as persons under sentence of transportation escaping from or breaking out of any other prison or place of confinement are liable to be punished; and if the offender shall afterwards be convicted of a second escape or breach of prison, he shall be adjudged guilty of felony; and if any offender who shall be ordered to be confined in the said prison shall attempt to break prison or escape, or shall forcibly break out of his cell, or shall make any breach therein with intent to escape, he shall on conviction be punished by imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve calendar months, in addition to the punishment to which he at the time of committing any such offence was subject. Id. s 12.

Every person who shall rescue any offender, ordered to be confined within Parkhurst prison, either during the time of his conveyance to it, or whilst such offender shall be in the custody of the person under whose charge he shall be so confined, and also every person who shall aid in any such rescue, shall be guilty of felony; and every person having the custody of any such offender, or employed by the person having such custody, as a keeper, under-keeper, turnkey, assistant, or guard, who shall knowingly allow such offender to escape, and also every person who shall, by supplying arms, tools, or instruments of disguise, or otherwise in any manner aid any such offender in any attempt to make an escape, though no escape be actually made, or who shall attempt to rescue any such offender, or aid in any such attempt, though no rescue be actually made, shall be guilty of felony; and every person having such custody, or being so employed by the person having such custody as aforesaid, who shall carelessly allow any such offender to escape, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and being lawfully convicted

of the same, shall be liable to fine or imprisonment, or to both, at the discretion of the court. Id. s. 13.

Any offender who shall escape, break prison, or be rescued in manner aforesaid, shall be tried before the justices of oyer and terminer or gaol delivery, either for the county where he or she shall be apprehended and re-taken, or for the county in which the said offence shall have been committed; and in case of any prosecution for any such escape, attempt to escape, breach of prison or rescue, either against the offender escaping or attempting to escape, or breaking prison, or being rescued, or against any other person or persons concerned therein, or aiding the same, a copy, properly attested, of the order of commitment to Parkhurst prison, shall, after proof made that the person then in question before the court is the same who was delivered with such order, be sufficient evidence to the court and jury that the person then in question so ordered to such confinement; and the expenses of the said prosecution shall be paid by the county, riding, division, city, borough, liberty, or place for which the court in which the offender was convicted shall have been holden. Id. s. 14.

Escaping from charitable institutions.] In case any young offender who shall be sentenced to transportation or imprisonment, shall be pardoned by Her Majesty upon condition of placing himself under the care of some charitable institution for the reception and reformation of young offenders, and shall accept such conditional pardon, and shall afterwards abscond from such institution, or wilfully neglect or refuse to abide by and conform to the rules thereof, any justice of the peace for the county, &c., wherein the said offender shall actually be at the time he shall so abscond or neglect or refuse as aforesaid, upon due proof thereof made before him upon the oath of one credible witness, may by warrant under his hand and seal commit the party to any gaol or house of correction for the said county, &c., with or without hard labour, for any period not exceeding three calendar months for the first offence, and not exceeding six calendar months for the second or any subsequent offence, in case the managers or directors of any such charitable institution shall be willing again to receive any such young offender, such imprisonment to be in addition to the original sentence of such young offender; and after the expiration of the time of such additional punishment, if the managers or directors of any such charitable institution shall refuse to receive such offender, or if Her Majesty shall not pardon the breach of the condition on which the former pardon was granted, the said party shall forfeit all benefit of the said pardon, and shall be remitted to the original sentence, and

shall undergo the residue thereof, as if no such pardon had been granted. Id. s. 11.

The regulations made to prevent, as much as possible, any accidents from gunpowder, and to render these accidents, when they do occur, as little injurious as previous precautions can make them, are comprised in stat. 12 G. 3, c. 61; by which, however, it is provided (sect. 29) that nothing in the Act shall be deemed to extend to mills or other buildings erected for making gunpowder in any lands of the crown, or to the keeping of gunpowder at any of Her Majesty's store houses or magazines, or at the magazines at Barking, Creeksmouth, Erith Level, or the magazines near Liverpool or Bristol, or to the carriage of gunpowder to or from the King's magazines under an order from the board of ordnance, or to the carriage of gunpowder with forces on their march, or which shall be sent for the use of the forces. Nor shall the Act extend to the powder mills erected in the parishes of Battle, Crowhurst, Seddlesomb and Brede, in the county of Sussex, as far as relates to the making of the fine fowling gunpowder, known by the name of Battle