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TABLEAU IV.

Expériences du 27 mars 1861 sur une barre d'acier vif cc no 1, trempé et recuit.

Section 0.005 × 0.005 0.000025; distance entre les repères 1.658.

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La rupture s'est produite lors de cette dernière charge, à laquelle il faut-ajouter 180 kilogrammes pour tenir compte du poids du plateau.

D'après ces données et en limitant la période de complète élasticité à la charge de 3 584 kilogrammes, on trouve pour cette barre :

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Cette influence de la trempe a, d'après nos expériences, son caractère principal dans la différence entre les allongements qui correspondent à la rupture, et pour l'une des barres seulement, dans une augmentation considérable de la charge maxima.

Les allongements, qui étaient de om.055 et de oTM.065 par mètre pour les deux barres non trempées, sont réduits à 0.00374 et å oTM.00473, et cette circonstance suffit pour expliquer la fragilité de certains aciers: la résistance vive de rupture, malgré l'augmentation de la charge maxima, se trouve réduite dans l'un de ses facteurs au huitième de sa valeur, pour les aciers non trempés: un choc aura nécessairement plus d'effet sur l'acier trempé.

Ces différences ne sont pas moins tranchées dans les essais faits sur l'acier qui nous a été désigné comme acier doux.

TABLEAU V.

Expériences du 6 mars 1861 sur une barre de tôle d'acier doux, cc n° 2, non trempé.

Section, 0.01 0.01 0.0001; distance entre les repères, 1TM,496.

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Les chiffres calculés d'après ces expériences devront être considérés comme trop faibles. Sous la réserve de cette observation, on trouve successivement :

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TABLEAU VI.

Expériences du 15 mars 1861 sur une barre en tôle d'acier doux cc, n° 2, non trempé.

Section, 0.0047 × 0.0048 0.000022; distance entre les repères : 1.662.

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A cette dernière charge, la rupture s'est produite au milieu de la barre.

Les observations sont parfaitement concordantes et les résultats se traduisent par les valeurs suivantes des divers coefficients :

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TABLEAU VII.

Expériences du 18 mars 1861 sur une barre de tôle d'acier doux, cc no 2, trempé et recuit.

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L'étendue du défaut était telle que l'on ne saurait attacher aucune signification aux coefficients relatifs à la rupture: il est très-remarquable qu'en ce qui concerne la limite

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