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TABLEAU I.

Expériences du 22 mars 1861 sur une barre d'acier vif cc n° 1 non trempé.

[Section 0.010 × 0.0093 0.000093; distance entre les repères 1.651.

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La section de rupture s'est trouvée réduite par striction à 7 millimètres sur 7, la barre s'étant, dans le voisinage de cette section, échauffée, lors de l'allongement, d'une manière notable.

D'après le tracé que nous donnons (Pl. 8, fig. 1) de la relation entre les charges par centimètre quarré et les allongements par mètre, on voit que l'élasticité est sensiblement altérée à partir de la charge p=2477 kilogrammes par centimètre quarré. L'allongement correspondant par

mètre est l=0TM.001259, ce qui permet de calculer le coefficient E par la relation

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Dans la figure, les charges par centimètre quarré sont représentées à raison de 5 millimètres par 1000 kilogrammes; les allongements par mètre à une échelle décuple des allongements réels.

La rupture s'est produite sous une charge totale de 4 352 +1804532 qui, répartis sur o.93, donnent pour la charge de rupture

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Pour toutes les autres observations nous emploierons les mêmes lettres pour désigner les mêmes quantités, mais nous n'entrerons plus pour elles dans aucun détail de calcul.

La rupture de cette barre no 1 s'étant faite dans son milieu, les chiffres que nous venons d'établir peuvent être considérés comme les valeurs exactes des différentes quantités qu'ils expriment; lorsque la rupture se fera dans la partie engagée dans les mâchoires, ils ne représenteront, quant à la rupture, que des valeurs approchées par défaut.

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TABLEAU II.

Expériences du 12 mars 1861 sur une barre de tôle d'acier vif, cc, n° 1 non trempé.

Section 0.0047 × 0.0048 0.000022; distance entre les repères, 1TM.635.

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La rupture ayant encore eu lieu au milieu de la barre, on déduit avec sécurité des chiffres de ce tabeau :

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TABLEAU III.

Expériences du 8 mars 1861 sur une barre d'acier vif, cc no 1, trempé et recuit.

Section 0.010 0.010 0.000100; distance entre les repères 1.615.

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-7488 I 0 1 " | 92.94 -12.88 | 800,00 -18.46 -5.58 | 2.06 | 1.275 On recharge après avoir relevé le point de suspension :

+8640 8.640 rupture.

Cette rupture s'étant produite à l'écrou inférieur, les valeurs calculées de P et de L ne devront être considérées que comme approximatives; les divers éléments de la résistance se calculent d'ailleurs ainsi qu'il suit :

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On voit déjà combien la limite d'élasticité est reculée par l'influence de la trempe, bien que le coefficient d'élasticité soit peu modifié.

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