CHARLES R.

CHARLES by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. to our trusty and right well-beloved cousin, Edward Earl of Glamorgan, greeting. We reposing great and especial trust and confidence in your approved wisdom and fidelity, do by these (as firmly as under our great seal, to all intents and purposes) authorise and give you power, to treat and conclude with the confederate Roman Catholics in our kingdom of Ireland, if upon necessity any be to be condescended unto, wherein our lieutenant cannot so well be seen in, as not fit for us at present publicly to own. Therefore we charge you to proceed according to this our warrant, with all possible secrecy, and for whatsoever you shall engage yourself, upon such valuable considerations, as you in your judgment shall deem fit, we promise on the word of a King and a Christian, to ratify and perform the same, that shall be granted by you, and under your hand and seal; the said Confederate Catholics having by their supplies testified their zeal to our service. And this shall be in each particular to you a sufficient warrant. Given at our court at Oxford,

under our signet and royal signature, the 12th of March, in the twentieth year of our reign, 1644.

No, XXXIII.

THE KING'S LETTER TO THE ARCHBISHOP OF FERMO....P. 129.

SIR,

HEARING of your resolution for Ireland, we do not doubt but that things will go well; and that the good intentions begun by means of the last Pope will be accomplished by the present, by your means, in our kingdom of Ireland and England, you joining with our dear cousin, the Earl of Glamorgan, with whom whatever you shall resolve, we shall think ourselves obliged to, and perform it at his return. His great merits oblige us to this confidence, which we repose in him above all, having known him above twenty years; during which time he has always signally advanced himself in our good esteem, and by all kinds of means carried the prize above all our subjects. This being joined to the consideration of his blood, you may well judge of the affection, which we have particularly for him, and that nothing shall be wanting on our

part, to perfect what he shall oblige himself to in our name, in consideration of the favours received by your means. Confide therefore in him; but in the mean while, according to the directions we have given him, how important it is, that the affair should be kept secret, there is no occasion to persuade you, nor to recommend it to you, since you see, that the necessity of the thing itself requires it. This is the first letter we have ever written imme-' diately to any minister of state of the Pope, hoping, that it will not be the last; but that after the said earl and you shall have concerted your measures, we shall openly shew ourself, as we have assured him,

Your friend,

From our Court at Oxford, 30th April, 1645.

CHARLES R.

EXTRACT OF A LETTER TO THE QUEEN, DATED THE 2d of MARCH, 1645, FROM CARDINAL PAMPHILIO, DELIVERED TO HER MAJESTY AT PARIS, BY SIGNOR SPINOLA, IN WHICH HIS EMINENCE OBSERVED,

THAT he had been lately informed, how extremely desirous the king and queen of England were of a peace with the Irish, that they might have the assistance of that nation in the distressed situation of their affairs in England: that this was likewise the most ardent wish of his holiness and the nuncio now sent by him, of the royal party in England, Ireland, and Scotland, both orthodox and heterodox, of the queen regent of France, and of Cardinal Mazarin, the minister of state there: and that only the parliamentarian rebels and the heretics', who adhered to them (for there was scarce any one Catholic, who did not espouse the royal cause) were full of dreadful apprehensions, lest the king should triumph by the assistance of the Catholics, especially the Irish; since those most profligate of all rebels since the creation being detested by and detesting the Irish, presaged nothing but their own absolute destruction from such an event.

No. XXXIV.

LETTER OF THE MARQUESS OF ORMONDE TO THE LORD MUSKERRY....PAGE 129.

MY LORD,

THOUGH I am perswaded, that the points, which you and the other deputies have agreed to in the presence of my Lord Glamorgan and myself, are still fresh in your memory: yet considering, that the weight and importance of a timely execution of the business, which you then were inclined to expedite, is now twice as great as it was before, on account as well of some incidents, which have lately happened in England, as of your own security, and observing, that in our meeting on this affair you expressed a desire, that I should act in concert with my lord Glamorgan; I think it necessary, that I should remind, and in this way acquaint your lordship with that, which I could not insist on in his lordship's presence, without offending his modesty, and incurring the imputation of flattery. What I have to say in short is this, that I know no subject in England, upon whose favour and authority with his majesty, and real and innate nobility you can better rely, than upon his lordship's; nor (if that has any weight with you) any person, whom I would more endeavour to serve in those things, which he shall undertake for the service of his majesty, or with whom I shall sooner agree for the benefit of this kingdom. I rest,

Your lordship's

Most affectionate servant and brother,

Dublin, August 11, 1645.

ORMONDE.

No. XXXV.

THE PREAMBLE TO AND CONDITIONS OF THE SECRET TREATY OF THE CONFEDERATES CONCLUDED WITH THE EARL OF GLAMORGAN ON THE 25TH OF AUGUST, 1645-6....PAGE 129.

WHEREAS much time has been spent in meetings and debates, between his Excellency James Lord Marquis of Ormonde, lord lieutenant and general governor of his majesty's

kingdom of Ireland, commissioner to the king's most excellent majesty Charles, by the grace of God, king of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, &c. for the treating and concluding of a peace in the said kingdom with his majesty's humble and loyal subjects, the confederate and Roman Catholics of the said kingdom of Ireland, of the one part, and the Right Honourable Donogh Lord Viscount Muskerry, and others, commissioners deputed and authorised by the said confederate Roman Catholics subjects of the other part: and thereupon many difficulties did arise, by occasion whereof sundry matters of weight and consequence, necessarily requisite to be condescended unto by his majesty's said commissioner for the safety of the said confederate Roman Catholics, were not hitherto agreed upon; which retarded, and doth as yet retard, the conclusion of a firm peace and settlement in the said kingdom: and whereas the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Glamorgan is intrusted and authorised by his most excellent majesty, to grant and assure to the said confederate Catholic subjects further grace and favours, which the said lord lieutenent did not as yet in that latitude, as they expected, grant unto them; and the said earl having seriously considered of all means and due circumstances of the great affairs now in agitation, which is the peace and quiet of the said kingdom, and the importance thereof in order to his majesty's service, and in relation to a peace and settlement in his other kingdoms; and here, upon the place, having seen the ardent desire of the said Catholics to assist his majesty against all, that do or shall oppose his royal right or monarchic government, and having discerned the alacrity and chearfulness of the said Catholics to embrace honourable conditions of peace, which may preserve their religion and other just interests: in pursuance therefore of his majesty's authority under his highness's signature royal and signet, bearing date at Oxon, the 12th of March, in the twentieth year of his majesty's reign, granted unto the said Earl of Glamorgan; the tenour whereof is as followeth, vix. Charles R. &c. [ut supra.]

By this treaty it was accorded and agreed between the said Earl of Glamorgan for and on behalf of his majesty, his heirs and successors on the one part, and Richard Lord Viscount Mountgarret, lord president of the supreme council of the confederate Catholics, Donogh Lord Viscount Muskerry, &c. commissioners appointed by the said confederate Roman Catholics, on the other part:

1st. That all the professors of the Roman Catholic religion in Ireland shall enjoy the free and public use and exercise of their religion.

VOL. I.

2d. That they shall hold and enjoy all the churches by them enjoyed with that kingdom, or by them possessed at any time since the 23d of October, 1641, and all other churches in the said kingdom, other than such, as are now actually enjoyed by his majesty's Protestant subjects.

3d. That all Roman Catholics shall be exempted from the jurisdiction of the Protestant clergy; and that the Roman Catholic clergy shall not be punished or molested for the exercise of their jurisdiction over their respective Catholic flock.

4th. That the following act shall be passed in the next parliament to be holden in Ireland. [Here is inserted the form of an act for securing all the king's concessions to the Catholics.]

5th. That the Marquis of Ormonde, or any others, shall not disturb the professors of the Roman Catholic religion in possession of the articles above specified.

6th. The Earl of Glamorgan engages his majesty's word for the performance of those articles.

7th. That the public faith of the kingdom shall be engaged unto the said earl by the commissioners of the confederate Catholics, for sending ten thousand men by order and public declaration of the general assembly at Kilkenney, armed, the one half with muskets, and the other half with pikes, to serve his majesty in England, Wales, or Scotland, under the command of the said Earl of Glamorgan, as lord general of the said army; which army is to be kept together in one intire body; and all other the officers and commanders of the said army are to be named by the supreme council of the said confederate Catholics, or by such others, as the general assembly of the said confederate Catholics of Ireland shall intrust therewith.

The Irish commissioners engaged their word and faith of the supreme council of Kilkenny, that two thirds of the clergy's revenue should be employed for the space of three years towards the maintenance of the ten thousand men, the other third being reserved for the clergy's subsistence.

There was likewise an explanation of the article, concerning the clergy-livings; upon which the following instrument was

made:

"Whereas in these articles touching the clergy-livings, the Right Honourable the Earl of Glamorgan is obliged in his majesty's behalf to secure the concessions in these articles by act of parliament: We holding that manner of securing "those grants, as to the clergy-livings, to prove more difficult "and prejudicial to his majesty than by doing thereof, and "securing those concessions otherwise, as to the said livings, "the said earl undertaking and promising in behalf of his majesty, his heirs and successors, as hereby he doth undertake "to settle the said concessions, and secure them to the clergy