another state and to require them to be dealt with under certain prescribed regulations.

Idaho provides for a State Live Stock Sanitary Board; and also for a State Board of Dairy, Food and Oil Commissioners, with power to inspect any article, milk, butter, cheese, food, illuminating oil, or imitations thereof, made or offered for sale within the state; also provides for a state bee inspector, with power to enter the premises of any bee-keeper where bees are kept, and inspect such bees, and any person resisting the inspector shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Whether, under the Fourteenth Amendment, the word "person" here would include the queen bee or any member of the hive yet awaits judicial determination.

Illinois provides that the Board of Health of that state, under regulations provided in the act, shall provide antitoxin at a fair and reasonable price to all physicians and others. applying for the same, and in case such persons are unable to purchase it, it shall be furnished on an order from the overseer of the poor.

Nevada has established a State Board of Medical Examiners to regulate the practice of medicine. The board may refuse a license or revoke any grant for unprofessional conduct, which includes the following: For procuring or aiding in procuring a criminal abortion; for obtaining a fee on the assurance that a manifestly incurable disease can be permanently cured; wilfully betraying a professional secret; advertising of medical business in which grossly improbable statements are made; conviction for an offense involving moral turpitude or habitual intemperance.

New York imposes a penalty on an apothecary or druggist who omits to label drugs properly, and makes the same a misdemeanor, or to sell poison without labeling and recording the sale.

Massachusetts, by resolution of its legislature, recommends the establishment by the Congress of the United States of a national hospital, or colony, for the care and treatment of persons afflicted with leprosy.

The same state, by resolution, authorizes the State Board of Health to cause a public exhibition to be made of the various means and methods used or recommended for treating or preventing tuberculosis, now recognized as a communicable and preventable disease.

Indiana for enforcing her pure food laws has established a state laboratory of hygiene for chemically analyzing foods, and the sale of any formula for the adulteration of food is punishable by a fine not exceeding $1000, to which may be added imprisonment in jail for six months.

New Hampshire provides for the permanent improvement of the main highways throughout the state, putting their control under the governor and council, with power to appoint a state engineer, all with the purpose of acquiring greater economy in expenditure and permanent improvement in the roads.

New Hampshire provides that it shall be the duty of the attending physician to report every death from pulmonary consumption, and for the cleansing and disinfecting of the apartments occupied by such patient, which are not to be occupied again until so cleansed; and the same state also appropriates $50,000 for the establishment of a state sanitarium for consumptives.

Massachusetts has passed an act for the suppression of the "gipsy" and "brown-tail" moths. An examination of its provisions indicates that an Egyptian plague would be a welcome substitute in that ancient commonwealth for this pest. They are declared to be a public nuisance, and their suppression is not only authorized, but, in the language of the statute, is "required." For the suppression and complete extermination of the pest a superintendent is appointed by the governor, by and with the consent of the council, whose jurisdiction is limited only by the bounds of the power of the state, and whose duty it shall be to make a report of his proceedings to the General Court in January of each year, which report shall be a public document and shall be printed; and for fear that

the peculiar malignity of each type of insect will not be kept clearly before the public mind the report of the superintendent is required to keep separate the expenditures on work against the "gipsy" from the "brown-tail" moth in each city and town. The superintendent is a representative of the commonwealth, and as such he is clothed with powers in nowise inferior to those of the government itself; he may employ clerks, agents, expert advisers and inspectors; make contracts on behalf of the commonwealth, contracts that shall bind the commonwealth, and may co-operate with persons, corporations, other states, the United States or even foreign countries, and may devise, use and require all other lawful means of suppressing said moths, except calling out the militia; he may lease real estate, may use any real or personal property of the commonwealth; may at all times enter upon the land of the commonwealth or any municipality, corporation or other owner; cities and towns, under the general direction of said superintendent, shall destroy the eggs, pupæ and nests of the moths within their limits. The height of exaltation is reached in section 5 of the act, wherein it is provided that when any city or town, in the opinion of the superintendent, is not expending a sufficient amount for the abatement of said nuisance, then the superintendent, with the advice and consent of the governor, may order each city or town to expend such an amount as the superintendent shall deem necessary.

It will be interesting to watch the decisions of the courts on this act, and to find out therefrom where the power of taxation. resides in that commonwealth.

Missouri has passed an act appointing a dairy commissioner with large powers and duties, and appropriating $10,000 for carrying out the provisions of the act. The commissioner is empowered to enter all creameries, public dairies, butter and cheese factories for the purpose of inspecting the same, take samples and cause the same to be analyzed in the interest of the public health.

The same state appropriates $50,000 for establishing a state sanitarium for treatment of persons in the early stage of consumption.

Connecticut provides that no room wholly or partly underground, not now used as a bakery, shall hereafter be used as a bakery.

Connecticut by law provides for the regulation and building of tenement houses with required space in the rooms, size of yards and of alleys, and that all alterations or changes made in them shall be subject to the approval of a public officer.

Kansas provides for inspectors of bees with power to disinfect diseased hives or to destroy them.

Kansas provides for the appointment of a state live stock sanitary commissioner with power to prescribe and enforce quarantine and sanitary rules throughout the state, to inspect diseased animals and to do all things that the state might do in the protection of the live stock of the state.

Montana appoints a Board of Sheep Commissioners consisting of one member from each of the counties of the state. They shall have the power of appointing one or more special inspectors. The inspector must inspect all sheep within his county of which he has received notice as being infected with any infectious or contagious disease, must provide for the dipping or otherwise treating of all scabby or diseased sheep within his county and may cause the sheep to be quarantined. The expense of said inspection to be borne by the owner of the sheep, and the sheep must not be removed from one point to another without a certificate from the inspector; and the act makes it unlawful for any railroad company to ship sheep from one place to another within the state in cars in which any sheep have been shipped until the cars have been cleaned and carefully disinfected, and persons bringing sheep into the state must notify the state veterinary surgeon, who in turn must notify the local inspector, and all sheep brought into the state must be dipped and branded and must remain in quarantine after such dipping and branding.

PRIVATE CORPORATIONS.

Wisconsin, responding quickly to popular demand, has passed a law providing for the distribution of the surplus of mutual life insurance companies among the policy holders at least once every five years.

New Jersey provides for the appointment by the governor of a committee of three persons to revise and codify the laws relating to corporations, who shall report to the legislature on or before the first day of its next session bills for carrying out this purpose.

Minnesota prohibits corporations from contributing for political purposes, and by a singular obtuseness a penalty is imposed, not upon the corporation, but upon any officer or stockholder who takes part in or consents to the making of such contributions.

New Mexico provides that all insurance companies doing business within that state shall pay in lieu of taxation to the superintendent of insurance two per cent. on the gross amount of premiums received within this territory during the year ending the previous 31st day of December.

Washington permits foreign banks to do business within that state for the purpose of loaning money and buying and selling exchange, but they are prohibited from receiving deposits in any manner, directly or indirectly.

The same state, against the policy of many others, provides that any corporation organized under the laws of this state, or of any other state of the United States, shall have the power and authority to subscribe for, purchase, hold, sell, assign and transfer shares of the capital stock of any other corporation, and by its duly authorized officer or proxy to vote such shares at any and all stockholders' meetings of the corporation whose shares are so held, and all existing holdings by any such corporation in the shares of the capital stock of any other corporation are hereby validated.

In New York an annual franchise tax for the privilege of exercising corporate franchises within the state equal to one