(c) Scotland.

Aberdeen Journal, The, 1748; Edinburgh Gazette, The, 1690 (twice weekly); Glasgow Herald, The, 1783; Glasgow Journal, The, 1713.

(d) Ireland.

Belfast News-Letter, The, 1737; Derry Journal, The, 1772 (Londonderry); Dublin Gazette, The, 1711; Freeman's Journal, The, 1763 (Dublin); Leinster Journal (now Kilkenny Journal), The, 1767; Limerick Chronicle, The, 1766; Waterford Chronicle and New Ross Reporter, The, 1766.

(2) First issued since 1801. (All dailies, unless marked otherwise.) (a) London.

Athenaeum, The, 1828 (weekly, monthly since 1915); Agricultural Gazette, The, 1844 (weekly); Architect, The, 1868 (weekly); Army and Navy Gazette, The, 1860 (weekly); Baptist Times and Freeman, The, 1853 (weekly); British Congregationalist, The, 1901 (weekly); British Medical Journal, The, 1857 (weekly); British Weekly, The, 1886 (weekly); Builder, The, 1842 (weekly); Building News, The, 1854 (weekly); Chemical News, The, 1859 (weekly); Christian World, The, 1857 (weekly); Church Times, The, 1863 (weekly); Colliery Guardian, The, 1860 (weekly); Contract Journal, The, 1879 (weekly); Country Life, 1897 (weekly); Daily Chronicle, The, 1855; Daily Express, The, 1900; Daily Graphic, The, 1890; Daily Mail, The, 1896; Daily News, The, 1846; Daily Telegraph, The, 1855; Echo, The, 1868-1905 (first halfpenny paper in London); Economist, The, 1843 (weekly); Electrician, The, 1861 (weekly); Engineer, The, 1856 (weekly); Engineering, 1866 (weekly); Era, The, 1837 (weekly); Evening News, The, 1881; Examiner, The, 1808 (weekly); Field, The, 1853 (weekly); Gardeners' Chronicle, The, 1841 (weekly); Gas Journal, The, 1849 (weekly); Gentlewoman, The, 1890 (weekly); Globe, The, 1803; Graphic, The, 1869 (weekly); Grocer, The, 1861 (weekly); Guardian, The, 1846 (weekly); Illustrated London News, The, 1842 (weekly); Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, The, 1874 (weekly); Inquirer, The, 1842 (weekly); Investors' Guardian, The, 1863 (weekly); Jewish Chronicle, The, 1841 (weekly); Lady, The, 1885 (weekly); Lancet, The, 1823 (weekly); Law Times, The, 1843 (weekly); Literary Gazette, The, 1817-62 (weekly); Lloyd's Weekly News, 1842 (weekly); Local Government Chronicle, The, 1855 (weekly); London Review, The, 1860-9 (weekly); Methodist Recorder, The, 1861 (weekly); Mining Journal, The, 1835 (weekly); Money Market Review, The, 1860 (weekly); Nation, The (called, at first, The Speaker), 1890 (weekly); Nature, 1869 (weekly); Notes and Queries, 1849 (weekly); Outlook, The, 1898 (weekly); Pall Mall Gazette, The, 1865; Pharmaceutical Journal, The, 1841 (weekly); Pilot, The, 1900-4 (weekly); Primitive Methodist Leader, The, 1868 (weekly); Publishers' Circular, The, 1837 (weekly); Punch, 1841 (weekly); Queen, The, 1861 (weekly); Record, The, 1828 (weekly); Reynolds's Weekly Newspaper, 1850 (weekly); St James's Gazette, 1880-1905; Saturday Review, The, 1855 (weekly); Schoolmaster, The, 1872 (weekly); Solicitors' Journal, The, 1857 (weekly); Spectator, The, 1828 (weekly); Sporting Life, 1859; Sporting Times, The, 1865; Sportsman, The, 1865; Stage, The, 1880 (weekly); Standard, The, 1857-1916; Standard, The Evening, 1827; Star, The, 1888; Statist, The, 1878 (weekly); Sunday Times, 1822 (weekly); Tablet, The, 1840 (weekly); Tribune, The, 1906-8; Truth, 1877 (weekly); Weekly Dispatch, 1801 (weekly); Westminster Gazette, The, 1893; World, The, 1874 (weekly).

(b) Other parts of England. Birmingham Post, The, 1857; Bolton Evening News, The, 1867; Bradford (now Yorkshire) Observer, The, 1834; Bradford Daily Argus, The, 1892; Bradford Daily Telegraph, The, 1868; Brighton Argus, The, 1880; Bristol Times and Mirror, The, 1865; Dundee Advertiser, The, 1801; Journal of Commerce, The, 1826 (Liverpool); Lancashire Daily Post, The, 1886; Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury, The, 1855; Liverpool Echo, The, 1879; Manchester Courier, The, 1825-1915; Manchester Evening News, 1868; Manchester Examiner and Times, The, 1846-94; Manchester Guardian, The, 1821; Newcastle Daily Journal, The, 1832; Northern Echo, The, 1869 (Darlington); Nottingham Daily Express, The, 1860; Nottingham Guardian, 1861; Preston Guardian, The, 1844; Royal Cornwall Gazette, The, 1801 (Truro); Scarborough Daily Post, The, 1876; Scarborough Evening News, The, 1882; Scarborough Mercury, The, 1855 (weekly); Sheffield (now Daily) Independent, The, 1819; Sheffield Daily Telegraph, The, 1855; Shields Daily Gazette and Shipping Telegraph, The, 1849; Sunderland Daily Echo, 1873; Warwick and Warwickshire Advertiser, The, 1806 (weekly); Western Daily Mercury, The, 1860 (Plymouth); Western Daily Press, The, 1858; Western Morning News, The, 1860 (Plymouth); Yorkshire Evening News, The, 1872 (Leeds); Yorkshire Evening Post, The, 1890 (Leeds).

(c) Scotland.

Aberdeen Free Press, The, 1853; Dundee Advertiser, The, 1801; Inverness Courier, The, 1817 (twice weekly); Scotsman, The, 1817 (Edinburgh).

(d) Ireland.

Cork Examiner, The, 1840; Irish Times, The, 1859 (Dublin); Northern Whig, The, 1824 (Belfast).

B. HISTORY OF BRITISH JOURNALISM AND THE BRITISH PRESS

For a full bibliography of the subject, see Peet, Hubert W., A Bibliography of Journalism rptd from the 1915 edn of Sell's World's Press. See, also, Courtney, W. P., A register of National Bibliography, vol. II, under Periodicals [1905].

(1) History of British Journalism and the British Journals Andrews, Alexander. The history of British journalism, from the foundation of the Newspaper press in England, to the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1855. 2 vols. 1859.

Athenaeum, The. See under Francis, John C. For the Dilkes (Charles Wentworth, 1789-1864, and Sir Charles Wentworth, 1810-1869), see D. of N. B.

Bonwick, James. Early Struggles of the Australian Press. 1890.

Borsa, Mario. Il giornalismo Inglese. Milano, 1910.

Bourne, H. R. Fox. English Newspapers. 2 vols. 1887.

Davies, Robert.

Escott, T. H. S.

Foster, Ernest.

Given, John L.

Memoir of the York Press. 1868.

Masters of English journalism. 1911.
An Editor's Chair. 1909.

Making a Newspaper. 1913.

Glasgow Herald, The Centenary of The. 27 January 1882.

Grant, James. The Newspaper press: its origin, progress and present condition. 3 vols. 1871-2.

The Saturday Review: its origin and progress. 1873.

Hatton, J. Journalistic London. 1882.

Hunt, F. Knight. The fourth estate. 2 vols. 1850.

Hunt, William. Hull Newspapers. Hull, 1880.

Jackson, Mason. The Pictorial Press, its origin and progress. 1885.
James, R. A. Scott. The influence of the Press. 1913.

Lorenz, Theodor. Die englische Presse. Halle, 1907.

McCarthy, Justin, and Robinson, Sir John R. The Daily News Jubilee. 1896.

Madden, Richard Robert, The history of Irish periodical literature, from the end of the seventeenth to the middle of the nineteenth century. 2 vols. 1867.

Millar, J. H. A Literary History of Scotland. 1903.

Morley, J. Cooper. The Newspaper press and periodical literature of Liverpool. 1887.

Murray, E. C. G. The Press and the Public Service. 1857.

Noble, John. Bibliography of Inverness newspapers and periodicals. Stirling, 1903.

Opdycke, J. B. News, Ads and Sales.

Paterson, Alexander. Yorkshire Journalism past and present. Barnsley, 1901.

Pebody, Charles. English Journalism and the men who have made it. 1882.

Pen, Patron and Public, a Critical Survey. 1907. (Anon.)

Pendelton, John. Newspaper Reporting in olden times and to-day.

1890.

Pollitt, C. De Quincey's editorship of the Westmorland Gazette, with selections from his work on that Journal from July 1818 to November 1819. Kendal, 1890.

Porritt, Edward. The Englishman at Home. 1894 (Chapter, 13 deals fully with the relations of the Government to the Press).

Progress of British Newspapers in the nineteenth century. 1901.

Ralph, Julian. The Making of a Journalist. 1903.

Rollington, Ralph. A Brief History of Boys' Journals. Leicester [1913]. [Valuable for bibliographical details.]

Scotsman, The story of The. Privately printed. 1886.

Shepherdson, William. Reminiscences in the Career of a Newspaper (The Sheffield Daily Telegraph). 1876.

Spielmann, J. H. The History of Punch. 1895.

Staffordshire Advertiser, Centenary history of The. Stafford, 1895.

Symon, J. D. The Press and its Story. 1914.

Wellsman, W. The Local Press of London.

Yeo, H. Newspaper management. Manchester, 1891.

Directories

Mitchell, C. Newspaper Press Directory. 1846. (In progress.)

Penrose's Pictorial Annual. The process year book. Edited by Gamble,

William. 1898. (In progress.)

Printers' Year Book and Diary. 1900. (In progress.)

Printing Trades' Diary. 1885. (In progress.)

Printing World. 1891. (In progress.)

Sell, Henry. The World's Press. (In progress.)

Whitaker, Joseph (1820-1895), founder of The Bookseller (1858), of Whitaker's Almanack (1868) and of The Reference Catalogue. See The Bookseller 6 February and 8 June 1895.

(2) Lives of Journalists, and of Editors and Publishers of Journals Adams, W. E. Memoirs of a Social Atom. 2 vols. 1903. Alec-Tweedie, Mrs. Thirteen years of a busy Woman's Life. 1912. Annand, James. Hodgson, George B. From Smithy to Senate: the life story of James Annand, Journalist and Politician. 1908.

Appleton, Charles Edward Cutts Birch (1841-1879), founder of The Academy. See Appleton, J. H. and Sayce, A. H., Dr Appleton: his Life and Literary Relics, 1881.

Arnold, W. T. Ward, Mrs Humphry, and Montague, C. E. William Thomas Arnold, Journalist and Historian. March 1907.

Baines, Edward (1774-1848), proprietor of The Leeds Mercury. Life. 1851. See, also, The Leeds Mercury, 5 and 12 August 1848.

Bell, Robert (1800-1867). Editor of The Atlas for many years and of miscellaneous works (notably The English Poets, 24 vols., 1854–7). See D. of N.B. Blowitz, Henry Stephen de. My Memoirs. 1903.

Bohemian Days in Fleet Street. By a Journalist. 1913.

Borthwick, Sir Algernon.

Morning Post. 1910.

Reginald Lucas, Lord Glenesk, and The

Buckingham, James Silk (1786-1855), founder of The Athenaeum. Autobiography. 2 vols. 1855. For his works of travel see D. of N. B. Bussey, H. Findlater. Sixty Years of Journalism. Bristol, 1906.

Cassell, J. Pike, G. Holden. John Cassell. 1894.

Catling, Thomas (editor of Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper). My Life's Pilgrimage. 1911.

Chambers, William. Memoirs of Robert Chambers, with autobiographic reminiscences of William Chambers. 2nd edn. 1872.

Colles, Ramsay. In Castle and Courthouse, being reminiscences of thirty years in Ireland. 1911.

Conder, Josiah. Conder, Eustace R. A Memoir. 1857.

Cook, John Douglas (1808?-1868), of the Saturday Review. See D. of N. B. Cooper, Charles A. Editor of the Scotsman (1876–1905). An editor's retrospect. 1896.

Coulson, Walter (1794?-1860), of The Globe. See D. of N. B.

Cowen, Joseph (1829-1900), of The Newcastle Chronicle. Life and Speeches. Jones, E. R. 1885. Life. Duncan, W. 1904.

Crowe, Sir Joseph. Reminiscences of thirty-five years of my life. 1875. Dawney, Edmund. Twenty years ago. A book of anecdote illustrating literary life in London. 1905.

Delane, John Thaddeus. Dasent, Arthur Irwin. Delane's life and correspondence. 2 vols. 1908.

Delane, J. T. Cook, Sir E. J. T. Delane. 1915.

Dilnot, Frank.

Dixon, W. W.

1911.

The adventures of a Newspaper Man. 1913.

The Spice of Life. A medley of memoirs. By 'Thormanby.'

Dunlop, Andrew. Fifty Years of Irish Journalism. Dublin, 1911.
Escott, T. H. S. Platform, Press, Politics and Play. Bristol, 1895.
Flower, Benjamin (1755-1829). Statement of Facts drawn up by himself.
1808.

See, also, obituary notice in The Monthly Repository, new series, Vol. III.

Fonblanque, Edward Barrington de. The Life and Labours of Albany Fonblanque. 1874.

Forsyth, William (1818–1879). Editor of the Aberdeen Journal, etc. Memoir by Alex. Walker. 1882.

Francis, John C. John Francis, a literary chronicle of half a century. 2 vols. 1888.

Frost, Thomas. Forty Years' Recollections: Literary and Political. 1880. Garrett, Edmund. Cook, E. T., a Memoir. 1909.

Giffard, Stanley Lees (1788-1858). See The Standard, 9 November 1858. Godkin, E. L. Ogden, Rollo. Life and Letters of Edwin Lawrence Godkin. 2 vols. 1907.

Greenwood, Frederick (1830-1909), founder, with George Smith, of The Pall Mall Gazette. See D. of N. B.

Gutch, John Mathew (1776-1861), of Felix Farley's Bristol Journal. See D. of N. B.

Harwood, Philip (1809-1887), of The Saturday Review. See the issue for 17 December 1887.

Haynie, Henry. The Captains and the Kings. Intimate reminiscences of notabilities. 1905.

Hetherington, Henry (1792-1849), of The Poor Man's Guardian. See
Holyoake, G. J., Life of Henry Hetherington, 1849.

Higgins, Matthew James (1810-1868), Jacob Omnium.' Essays on Social
Subjects, with a memoir by Maxwell, Sir W. Stirling. 1875.
Holyoake, G. J. Sixty years of an agitator's life. 1892.

Hutton, Richard Holt. Monograph by Hogben, John. Edinburgh, 1899.
Ingram, Herbert. See D. of N. B.

Jerdan, William. Autobiography. With his literary, political and social reminiscences and correspondence during the last fifty years. 4 vols. 1852-3.

Knight, Charles. Passages of a working life. 3 vols. 1864.

Knowles, Sir James Thomas (1831-1908), founder and editor of The Nineteenth Century, after editing The Contemporary Review from 1870 to 1877. See D. of N. B.

Labouchere, H. Thorold, Algar Labouchere. The Life of Henry Labouchere. 1913.

Latey, John (1842-1902), of The Penny Illustrated Paper, etc. See D. of N. B.

Leng, Sir John (1828-1906), of The Dundee Advertiser. Said to be the first to introduce pictures in a daily paper. See D. of N. B.

Leng, Sir William Christopher (1825-1902), of The Sheffield Daily Telegraph. Said to be the first to set up linotype machines. See D. of N. B. Levy, Joseph Moses (1812-1888), of The Daily Telegraph. See the issue for 13 October 1888.

Lloyd, Edward (1815-1890). See Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper, 13 April 1890. Lucy, H. W. Sixty years in the Wilderness. 1909.

Maccoll, Norman (1843-1904), editor of The Athenaeum, 1871-1900, and Spanish scholar. See D. of N. B.

Macdonell, James (1841-1879). See James Macdonell, Journalist, by Nicoll, W. R., 1890.

Murray, Henry. A stepson of Fortune.

opinions of Henry Murray. 1909.

The memories, confessions and

Newnes, Sir George, Bart., The Life of. By Friederichs, Halda. 1911.

Prior, Melton. Campaigns of a War Correspondent. 1912.

Redding, Cyrus. Fifty years' recollections. 3 vols. 1853.

Reid, Sir Thomas Wemyss (1842-1905), of The Leeds Mercury and The Speaker. See D. of N. B.

Rintoul, Robert Stephen (1787-1858), of The Dundee Advertiser, first editor of The Spectator. See The Dundee Advertiser, 27 April 1858, and The Spectator, 1 May 1858.