8. Where are the following places, and for what are they remarkable ? Nismes, Crescy, Glencoe, Ardres, Marengo, Sedan, Flodden, Bayeux, Ryswick, Halidon Hill, Najara.

Mont Dor, Cautal, and the Puy-de-Dôme. (5.) The Jura, between Franche-Comté and Switzerland; highest peak Reculet. (6.) The Vosges mountains, between Lorraine and Alsace; highest peak Ballon d'Alsace.

Nimes (formerly Nismes), Nemansus, a commune and town of France, capital of the department Gard, thirty miles northeast of Montpellier. It has a Gothic cathedral, fifteen other churches, and an old citadel. Its Roman remains comprise an amphitheatre, a Corinthian temple, called the Maison-Carée, which is restored and serves for a museum of antiquities. Nimes was subjugated by the Romans 120 years B.C., and ravaged by the Franks, Vandals and Normans. In 1815, on the restoration of the Bourbons, it was the scene of a disgraceful persecution of the Protestants. It is the birthplace of Nicot, who introduced the use of tobacco (Tobacum Nicotiana) into France.

Crescy, in the department of Somme, ten miles north of Abbeville, on the Maye, famous in British history for the victory gained here August 26th, 1346 A.D., by the troops of Edward III. over a large French army under Philip of Valois.

Glencoe, a valley of Scotland, in Argyleshire, district of Lorne, near the head of Loch Etive, extending from Ballahulish in an eastern direction for ten miles, within which distance is but one solitary farm-house. The massacre of the Macdonalds occurred here in the reign of William III., February, 1691 A.D.

Ardres, a commune and fortified town of France, in the department of Pas-de-Calais, nine miles south-east of Calais. Near this was held, in 1520 A.D., the interview of the "Field of the Cloth of Gold," between Henry VIII. and Francis I. of France.

Marengo, a village of North Italy, two miles south-east of Alessandria, near the Bormida, and memorable for the victory of the French, under Napoleon I. over the Austrians, 14th June, 1800 A.D.

Sedan, a commune and fortified town of France, department of Ardennes on the Meuse, and eleven miles east-south-east of Mézières. Sedan was long an independent principality, and was united to France under Louis XIII. It had a celebrated Protestant University, which subsisted till the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. A monument was erected to Turenne, who was born here in 1611. Sedan has lately become more noted on account of the capitulation of the French troops here during the Franco-German war, 1870-1.

Flodden, a hill in Northumberland, in the parish of Kirknewton, eight miles north-west of Wooler. Around its base was fought, on the 9th September, 1513, the celebrated battle of Flodden Field, between the English and Scotch, when the latter were defeated with immense loss. James IV. (of Scotland), who married Margaret, the eldest daughter of Henry VII., was killed in the battle. A commemoration pillar has been erected on the spot.

Bayeux, a city of France, department Calvados, seventeen miles north-west of Caen, on the Aure. In its cathedral is preserved the tapestry of Bayeux, said to be the work of Matilda, wife of William the Conqueror, and representing his exploits in the conquest of England.

Ryswick, a village of the Netherlands, province South Holland, two miles south-east of the Hague. In the south-west of the village a pyramidal monument commemorates the peace

concluded in 1697 between France on the one part, and Germany, and England, Spain, and Holland, on the other.

Halidon Hill, in Roxburgh, near Berwick-upon-Tweed. A battle was fought here between the English under Edward III., and the Scots under the Regent Douglas, July 19th, 1333, which ended in the utter defeat of the Scots, and the death of the regent.

Najara, a town of Spain, 16 miles south-west of Logroño, on the Najerilla. It was once the seat of the court of Navarra, but is now in decay; and it was the scene of an obstinate battle between the troops of Peter the Cruel (assisted by Edward, the Black Prince,) and his brother, Henry of Trastamara, 1367, A.D.

2. Show that a number is divisible by 9, when the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.

3. A man walks 14 miles a day. How many steps does he take in a week (6 days), each step being 3 feet in length and 1 mile being 1,760 yards?

Therefore as (999 × 6)+(99 × 6) + (9 × 4) × 6 + 6 + 4 +2 is divisible by 9, therefore the sum of 6,642 is divisible by 9. This method may be applied to any number.

4. What is meant by "local value" and "scale"? Add to the quaternary scale the following numbers: 1,032, 1,222, 22,321,

The "local value" is the value of a figure by means of its position or its relative connections with other figures.

"Scale" is the progression on which the systems of notation are founded, as binary, quaternary, &c.

5. A footman has

£20 a year wages, and stays from 19th of July to the 13th of December. What wages are due to him?

6. In what time will a debt of £19 12s. be discharged by weekly payments of 1s. 9d.?

7. A. after doing ths of a piece of work in 30 days, calls in B., and together they finish. it in 6 days. In what time would each do the work separately?

8. A cistern is fed by a spout which can fill it in 2 hours; how long would it take to fill it if the cistern had a leak which would empty it in 10 hours?

As A. can do ths of the work in 30 days... 30 days

= 50 days, being the time which A. would take : A. and B. do ths of the work in 6 days, ... 6 days ÷ 15 days, being the of

time A. and B. would take together; and as A. only does
the work in 1 day, and B. - 3 = 10 or 214 days,

Impersonal verbs are defective, and are such as cannot have a personal subject, and are only used in the third person sing. They are like the English phrases, it snows, it rains, &c.

Some impersonal verbs denote mental state, and with the exception of libet, licet, liquet and placet, govern the accusative, e.g.

Te tui criminis pœnitet.

Pudet me criminis patrum mihi licet. Some of these verbs have the active form, others the passive form, as

stat, it is determined.
dicitur, it is said.

(1). No and Yes are adverbs of negation and affirmation. No is a negative particle, as non, no, not; immo, nay, rather. Yes, an affirmative particle, as næ, verily; etiam, yes.

(2). Distance is often expressed by the genitives bidui and ridui, &c., with which we may understand itinere, e. g. bidui, sc. itinere," at the distance of two days' journey."

(3). In answer to the question "when? at what time ?" the noun expressing the time is regularly put in the ablative without a preposition.

In answer to the question how long? the noun expressing the time is used in the accusative.

Obs. Sometimes the use of the ablative to express duration of time is found, e. g.

Tota æstate Nilus Ægyptum obratum oppletamque tenet.—
Cic. N. D. ii. 52.

(4.) In answer to the question "where? at what place?" the names of cities stand in the genitive, if the words belong to the first or second declension and are in the singular number, if not, in the ablative.

(5). In answer to the question, "To what place?" all names of cities stand in the accusative.

Obs. In prose the preposition ad is generally prefixed, except before the names of towns and islands small enough to be considered as one place.

"That," when equivalent to "in order that," and followed by "may" or "might," must be translated by ut with the subjunctive; as,

Multi alios laudant, ut ab illis laudentur.-Many men praise others that they may be praised by them. "That," after such, so, &c., must be translated by "ut" with the subjunctive; as,

Tanta vis probitatis est, ut eam vel in hoste diligamus.The power of integrity is so great that we love it even in an enemy.

Ut is sometimes used in elliptical expressions, where, in English, we might supply "granting that," or some such phrase; as,

Nam, ut omittam Philipum.-For not to mention Philip. Qui takes the indicative only, when it refers to a particular