divisions of the Spanish Peninsula. south is 540 miles, and breadth 598 miles. Capital, Madrid. The surface of the Peninsula is more diversified than that of any other country of equal extent in Europe; its interior forms a vast elevated table land, which in the Plateau of Castile has a mean elevation of 2,300 feet. The country is traversed in a direction from east to west by five principal chains of mountains, called in Spanish Sierras. There are from north to south the Pyrenees, extending from Cape Crux to the east to the Bay of Biscay; on the west the highest point is Pic Nethor, 11,171 feet, and their west continuation the Asturian and Cantabrian mountains, some of which rise to 10,000 feet. The chain which separates the basins of the Douro and Tagus, the Sierras Guadarama, Gredos and Gata. Highest point in the Sierra Gredos 10,500 feet. Spain is divided into forty-nine provinces, which it is unnecessary to mention here. Spain is rich in minerals, especially iron, copper and lead. Mercury is abundant in the mines of Almaden, and lead forms an important branch of mining industry. Coal is found chiefly in the Austurias. The principal rivers are north to south--the Ter, Llobregat, Ebro, Guadalaviar; and the Minho, Douro, Tagus, Guadiana and Guadalquiver, flowing mostly through Portugal west and south to the Atlantic. The chief capes are Finisterre on the north-west, Trafalgar on the south-west, in the Atlantic; Gibraltar, Gata, Valos and Creux in the Mediterranean; Penas and Ortegal in the Bay of Biscay. 1. Define numeration and scales of notation. What would 1,000 be in the quaternary scale? V. Arithmetic. Numeration is the art of expressing any number in words, which is already given in figures. The usual mode of representing numbers is by the common scale of notation, and 10 is said to be the base or radix. In the question proposed the radix is to be altered to 4. Thus 4)1000 2117 and 17 x 1711 by 29, and divide the difference between 179394 sum. 121220 difference. 6186 1st Ans. 10. On June 21st of 1851, the late Duke of Wellington had lived 30,000 days. Find the day and year of his birth. 11. Can you attach any meaning (1) to the multiplication. of 4s. 9d. by £2: 6s. 9d.; (2) to the division of 1 yard 2 feet 3 inches by 1 foot 8 inches. Days. Days. = 30,000 ÷ 365 82 years 70 days, and 82 years 70 days — 20 days (being the number of leap years which occurred in the 82 years) 82 years 50 days. = ... June 21st of 1851 = - 82 years 50 days May 2nd, 1769. Ans. To question No. 1. Money cannot be multiplied by money. (No. 2.) How many times is 1 ft. 8 inches contained in 1 yard 2 ft. 3 inches? 1. How many declensions are there in Latin, and how are they distinguished? VI. Elementary Knowledge of Latin. 2. Write down the genitive plural of the following nouns :- Urbs, vis, hæres, messis, rete, pes, vir, nox, do mus. There are five declensions in Latin distinguished by the termination of the genitive case singular, which is as follows: 1 æ. 2 i. 3 is. 4 ûs. urbs vis hæres messis rete pes vir nox domus 5 ei. Genitive plural. virium messium retium pedum virorum domorum, or The comparative has the termination "ior" for the masculine and feminine, and "ius" for the neuter: and these are added to the first case of the positive that ends in i. The superlative ends in "issimus, a, um," and is formed by adding that termination to the first case of the positive ending in i. Exceptions are pulcher, pulcherrimus; facilis, facillimus, &c. 4. Classify Latin numerals, and give examples of each. How are numbers above 100,000 expressed in Latin? 5. How many conjugations are there in Latin, and how are they distinguished? 6. Translate the following passages:-(1) Agesilaus altero pede claudus fuit. (2) In omni re considerandum est et quid postules ab amico et quod patiare a te impetrari. (3) Tanta in eo peccandi libido fuit ut hoc ipsum eum delectaret peccare, eti am si causa non esset. (4) Jam vero animum ірsum mentemque hominis, rationem, consilium, prudentiam qui non divinâ curâ perfecta esse perspicit is his ipsis rebus mihi videtur carere. Latin numbers are divided into (1) Cardinal, denoting simply the number of things, as tres, three. (2) Ordinal, indicating the place or number in succession, as tertium, third. (3) Distributive, denoting how many at a time, as terni, each time three. (4) Multiplicative, denoting how many fold, as triplex, threefold. (5) Proportional, denoting how many times more, as triplum, three times as much; and (6) Adverbial numerals, denoting how many times, as "ter," three. A million must be expressed by multiplication thus: "decies centena millia;" i. e. ten times a hundred thousand. In the case of money the numeral adverb alone is often used "centena millia," being suppressed thus, "vicies"=2,000,000 sesterces. There are four conjugations in Latin, and they are distinguished by the infinitive mood, which ends as follows:1. are; 2. ĕre ; 3. ĕre; 4. ire. Examples:-Amāre, monēre, regère, audire. The present indicative ends thus-1. o, as; 2. čo, ès; 3. o, is; 4. Yɔ, is. (1) Agesilaus was lame of one foot. (2) In everything there is to be considered both what you would ask from a friend and what you would allow to be obtained from yourself. (3) There was in him such a longing desire for sinning that the mere act of sinning delighted him, even if there were no reason for it. (4) In fact, he who does not perceive that the soul itself and mind of man, his reasoning powers, his judgment and foresight have been rendered perfect by divine care, he appears to me to be deficient in these very qualities. VII. Latin Translations. Candidates were required to translate three of the following pieces selected from Virgil's Æneid, Book XH.: (1) From "At regina, novâ pugnæ conterrita sorte; line 54 to Illo quæratur conjunx Lavinia campo;" 80. (2) From "Hoc erat, hoc votis, inquit, quod sæpe petivi; 259 to (3) From "Atque ea dum campis victor dat funera Turnus;" 383 to 3. Put down the following number in French : 533,875,442. 4. Give the past definite and future of Falloir, and the third person plural past indefinite of mouvoir, prévoir, coudre, lire, prendre. 5. Form the follow ing adjectives into adverbs-constant, prudent, véhément, traître, nouveau. Cinq cent trente-trois millions, huit cent soixante-quinze mille, quatre cent vingt-deux. Past definite of Falloir is il fallut. il faudra. Third person plural past indefinite of mouvoir-ils ont mû. |