TO THE EDITOR OF THE TOURIST. RESPECTED FRIEND, Enclosed is the copy of a letter I sent into the north, in reply to a friend who requested my sentiments on the subject of the Colonization Society. As the circulation of The Tourist has much increased since the publication of the valuable article in No. IX., perhaps it might aid the cause to insert this letter, I remain, very respectfully, J. C. unless the Colonization Society should, as they term it, afford a "drain for the overplus." In some parts they have been breeding them for the purpose of carrying on an internal slavetrade between the states; and now a prospect their eyes; the American planters tremble in of retributive justice begins to open before their beds; and many sensible people apprehend the approach of that awful scourge, a servile war. The free people of colour, who are comLondon, First Month, 22nd, 1833. puted at considerably above three hundred thousand, have met at Baltimore, Philadelphia, MY DEAR FRIEND, I received thy kind note, in which thou askest what we think of places, and passed resolutions to the effect, New Bedford, New York, and many other Elliott Cresson's scheme. In reply, we have that the Colonization Society have, by widengood authority for doubting the glowing ac- ing the breach between them and the whites, counts of the comfort of the colony of Liberia; "given to prejudice a ten-fold vigour," inand it appears in some instances to be as fatal creased persecution, and cruelly added to their to the American coloured constitution as Sierra sufferings. Leone is to the European. Looking at the say, "The Friends have been the last to aid In the New York address they plan in all its bearings we think James Crop- the system pursued by the Society's advocates. per does it justice when he terms it a diabolical And we say, for we feel it, that in proportion scheme. They set out with what we think an anti-Christian principle,-the white and co-less active and less friendly to our welfare as as they become colonizationists, they become loured never can amalgamate, therefore they citizens of the United States." After stating must be transported. How long will it take that they will not go unless the Colonization them to accomplish this work? The Society Society should compel them, by making them has existed now about fifteen years, during miserable, they say, which time they have sent out an average of where we are. "We are content to abide about two hundred per annum; but the num- always remain the same. We do not believe things will ber of those they propose to expatriate is conThe time must siderably above two millions, and their natural and acknowledged. God hasten that time! come when the rights of all will be appreciated increase about fifty-six thousand annually. This is our home, and this our country; beThis absurdity, as a plan of abolition, needs neath its sod lie the bones of our fathers; for no comment-it speaks for itself. Would it some of them fought, bled, and died. Here Elliott Cresson have met with any countewe were born, and here we will die." nance in this country, if the Society had not been represented as one the object of which was ultimate entire abolition? But the Society, which is partly composed of slave-owners, hold very different language in America. Instead of proposing abolition, they tell the slave-owner that he has no occasion to complain of them, because the tendency of their measures will be to secure his possession of the slave. Thus, in their Fourteenth Report, page 12, "And the slave-holder, so far from having just cause to complain of the Colonization Society, has reason to congratulate himself that in this institution a channel is opened up, in which the public feeling and public action can flow on without doing violence to his rights." And again, Fifteenth Report, page 26, they say, "If none were drained away, slaves became inevitably and speedily redundant, &c., &c.; when this stage had been reached, what course or remedy remained? Was open butchery to be resorted to, as among the Spartans with the Helots; or general emancipation and incorporation, as in South America; or abandonment of the country by the masters? There was but one way; and it was to provide and keep open a drain for the excess of increase beyond the occasion of profitable employment." The American and British slave-trades were both abolished twenty years ago; during which time their slave population has about doubled, and ours has awfully decreased. This is an established fact, which brings against our planters the fearful charge of blood; of which we ourselves shall not be clear if we cease faithfully to plead the cause of the oppressed. If slavery ever be profitable it must be in a to the demand; but the increase of the Amerstate in which labour is scarce in proportion ican slaves is producing such a redundance of labour, as must, in a commercial point of view, shortly compel them to grant emancipation, The supporters of the Society say, it checks the slave-trade; but past experience sorrowfully proves, that colonies on the coast of Africa, from the facility they afford for the purchase of goods which are exchanged for slaves, materially aid this infernal traffic. For proof of this, both as regards Sierra Leone and Liberia, read the appalling disclosures contained in parliamentary papers, No. 364, Slave-Trade, Sierra Leone, &c., printed by House of Commons, April 6th, 1832, page 11. No; the slave-trade will never be abolished while slavery remains. Judging of the future by the past, the effects of the colony will be to promote the slave-trade. already increased the sufferings and embittered The Society has the lives of the free coloured people; and in proportion to the extent of its operations it must rivet the chain upon the poor defenceless slave. I am, Yours, &c., TO THE EDITOR of the tourist. J. C. freedom from one of my sex, but The TourMR. EDITOR, I hope you will excuse this ist has been a source of so much pleasure to me, ever since it first came out, that I feel I am a lone old woman, confined much to the something very like old acquaintance with you. house, by bodily infirmity. You are, I expect, hard upon sixty, as well as myself, and can, therefore, feel for one who depends upon an daily comfort. The Tourist is a paper exeasy chair and a newspaper for much of her actly to my mind-it takes in so many subjects; and then it so warmly takes the part of those poor creatures abroad, who are driven to so many sheep or oxen, that I do not know work like horses, and are bought and sold like any one that I have yet seen, that I like half so well. Before you came out, Mr. Editor, I used to read the Penny, but I have quite done 207 with that now. run too fast. What I meant to write to you But I am letting my tongue about is, this unfortunate drop of water that appeared in the front of your paper yesterday. Do, I beg of you, dear Mr. Editor, let me have should be disposed to attend to my request, in your next paper, saying whether or no you a line or two from yourself, if nobody else have seen this very drop of water with your own eyes; for, if you really assure me, that all the water I use is full of such creatures, I must go back to my old way. You must know, Mr. Editor, that, for some little time past, Í ciety; I always put a leetle spirits into my have been a member of the Temperance Sotumbler, just enough to take off the rawness of the water; but since I signed the book I have left it off entirely. But, if all the water I use contains such a quantity of living creathe book at once, and do as I did before, mix tures as your drop, I must take my name off just a thimbleful of spirits in my tumbler of water. quantity of living creatures-eels, caterpillars, I cannot go on swallowing such a near the bottom, on the left hand, are what apand all sorts of reptiles; but worse than all, pears to me to be the very Siamese Twins that were made a show of some time ago. Why, really, Mr. Editor, if this is water, one is swallowing a whole family of living children in every tumbler-full. Do pray relieve my mind on this subject. If you have any fault correct it. I shall subscribe myself according to find with my spelling, be kind enough to to the way in which I am called among my acquaintance, and remain, your friend and constant reader, Jan. 29, 1833. OLD MARGERY. We to express our concern at the interruption we We really are at a loss for words in which have unintentionally occasioned, in the equanimity of our venerable correspondent. hasten, however, to set her fears at rest, by assuring her that the various classes of animals graphically described, are found in water which we represented, and which she has so taken from stagnant ponds, and also in spring water into which vegetable matter has been introduced and suffered to decompose.We can confidently assure her, that in pure spring water no such creatures are found to exqualified in the way in which she mentions. ist-except, perhaps, when its "rawness" is In this latter case, we cannot tell her what murders, revolutions, and bereavements she may have been the means of effecting. We cannot conclude without thanking her for the very complimentary allusions she has made to our Magazine, and expressing one good wish in return; viz. that in the interval of hesitation and alarm which has occurred the Temperance Society the benefit of her between her letter and our reply, she has given doubt. COLONIAL EXILE. My country! when I think of all I've lost, And learn cold cautions I have long disdain'd: Pringle's Ephemerides. 208 THE SETTER DOG. WHEN Autumn smiles all beauteous in decay, His nose in air erect; from ridge to ridge One inch untried. At length the tainted gales CONTRACTION BY COLD. Useful and ingenious application of the prineiple. Some years ago it was observed at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers, at Paris, that the two side-walls of a gallery were receding from each other, being pressed outwards by the weight of the roof and floors; several holes were made in each wall, opposite to one another, and at equal distances, through which strong iron bars were introduced, so as to traverse the chamber. Their ends outside of the wall were furnished with thick iron discs, firmly screwed on. These were sufficient to retain the walls in their actual position; but to bring them nearer together would have surpassed every effort of human strength. All the alternate bars of the series were now heated at once by lamps, in consequence of which they were elongated. The exterior disc being thus freed from the contact of the walls, they could be advanced further on the screwed ends of the bars. On the bars projecting on the outside of the walls from the elongation, the discs were screwed up; on removing the lamps, the bars cooled, contracted, and drew in the walls. The other bars became, in consequence, loose, and were then also screwed up. The first series of bars being again heated, the process was repeated; and by several repetitions, the walls were restored to their former position. The gallery still exists with its bars, to attest the ingenuity of its preserver, M. Malard. From Somerville's Field Sports. HOLIDAY PRESENT. Just Published, price 158., half-bound, HE YOUTH'S NEW LONDON SELF CURE OF NERVOUS FEVER. To Mr. Edwards, Sir,-Having been for the last six months in possession of good health, and, indeed, better health than ever I remember to have enjoyed previous to a dreadful attack which I experienced last November, of low nervous fever, I feel it my bounden duty, after returning thanks to Almighty God for my happy recovery, in gratitude for your kind attention, to make this acknowledgment of the very great benefit I received from the use of Mr. Morison's Liquid Vegetable Universal Medicine. My sister tells me I took the liquid, being so ill and weak at the time she sent for you as to be unable to take the pills, and you were sent for, in consequence of the medicine I had previously taken not giving me any relief. Indeed, I was so ill that I don't recollect what passed; but my sister tells me that I had nearly lost my hearing, and could only speak with great difficulty, and that, by your advice, the medicines were administered to me in very strong doses; and, in four days, such was the effect the medicine bad on me, that my sister, and every one that saw me, became convinced of my speedy recovery, which very soon, by the aid of Morison's Medicines, was accomplished. It is, therefore, my wish that this may be made public, that the afflicted, in the worst of cases, may not despair. I beg to offer my best thanks to Mr. Morison for the invention of the Medicine, and am, Sir, Your very obliged humble servant, Hertford, September 3rd, 1832. CAUTION TO THE PUBLIC. MORISON'S UNIVERSAL MEDICINES having superseded the use of almost all the Patent Medicines which the wholesale venders have foisted upon the credulity of the searchers after health, for so many years, the town druggists and chemists, not able to establish a fair fame on the invention of any plausible means of competition, have plunged into the mean expedient of puffing up a "Dr. Morrison" (observe the subterfuge of the double r), a being who never existed, as prescribing a "Vegetable Universal Pill, No. 1 and 2," for the express purpose (by means of this forged imposition upon the public), of deteriorating the estimation of the "UNIVERSAL MEDICINES" of the "BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH." TINSTRUCTING DRAWING-BOOK; containing tence), none can be held genuine by the College but those upwards of One Hundred Engravings, illustrative of Landscape Scenery, Picturesque Architecture, Marine Series of Progressive Lessons, with copious Instructions Views, Animals, and the Human Figure: arranged in a on the Drawing of each Subject. To which is added a Practical System of Perspective, adapted to the capacity of Juvenile Learners, and a concise Description of Grecian, Roman, and Gothic Architecture. By N. WHITTock, Author of the "Decorative Painter's Guide," "Illustrations of York, Surrey, Sussex," &c. London: Published by G. VIRTUE, 26, Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row. FOR FENDERS, FIRE-IRONS, KNIVES, &c. FAMILIES FURNISHING may effect an immense SAVING, by making their purchases, for ready money, at RIPPON'S OLD ESTABLISHED CHEAP FURNISHING IRONMONGERY WAREHOUSE, 63, Castle-street East, Oxford Market, (At the corner of Castle-street and Wells-street,) where every article sold is warranted good, and exchanged if not approved of. Tea Urn, 30s.; Plated Candlesticks, with Silver Mount ings, 12s. per pair; Ivory-handled oval-rimmed Table Knives and Forks, 40s. the set of 50 pieces; Fashionable Iron Fenders-Black, 18s. Bronzed, 21s.; Brass Fenders, 10s.; Green Fenders, with brass tops, 2s.; Fire Irons, 2s. per set; Polished Steel Fire Irons, 4s. 6d. per set; Brass Fire Furniture, 5s. 6d. per set; Block-tin Dish Covers, 8s. 6d. per set; Copper Tea Kettles, to hold one gallon, 75.; Bottle Jacks, 8s. Gd.; Copper Warming Pans, 6s.; Brass Candlesticks, 1s. 4d. per pair; Britannia-metal Tea Pots, Is. 4d. each; Japanned Tea Trays, 1s.; Waiters, 2s., Bread Trays, 3d.; Japanned Chamber Candlesticks, with Snuffers and Extinguisher, 6d.; Snuffers and Tray, 6d.; Black-handled Steel Table Knives and Forks, 2s. 9d. the half-dozen; Copper Coal-scoops, 10s.; a newly invented Utensil for cooking Potatoes, superior to those KNOW ALL MEN, then, that this attempted delusion must fall under the fact, that (however specious the prewhich have "Morison's Universal Medicines" impressed upon the Government Stamp attached to each box and packet, to counterfeit which is felony by the laws of the land. The "Vegetable Universal Medicines" are to be had at the College, New Road, King's Cross, London; at the Surrey Branch, 96, Great Surrey-street; Mr. Field's, 16, Airstreet, Quadrant; Mr. Chappell's, Royal Exchange; Mr. Walker's, Lamb's-conduit-passage, Red-lion-square; Mr. J. Loft's, Mile-end-road; Mr. Bennett's, Covent-gardenmarket; Mr. Haydon's, Fleur-de-lis-court, Norton-falgate; Mr. Haslet's, 147, Ratcliffe-highway; Messrs. Norbury's, Brentford; Mrs. Stepping, Clare-market; Messrs. Salmon, Little Bell-alley; Miss Varai's, 24, Lucas-street, Commercial-road; Mrs. Beech's, 7, Sloane-square, Chelsea; Mrs. Chapple's, Royal Library, Pall-mall; Mrs. Pippen's, 18, Wingrove-place, Clerkenwell; Miss C. Atkinson, 19, New Trinity-grounds, Deptford; Mr. Taylor, Hanwell; Mr. Kirtlam, 4, Bolingbroke-row, Walworth; Mr. Payne, 64, Jermyn-street; Mr. Howard, at Mr. Wood's, hair-dresser, Richmond; Mr. Meyar, 3, May's-buildings, Blackheath; Mr. Griffiths, Wood-wharf, Greenwich; Mr. Pitt, 1, Cornwall-road, Lambeth; Mr. J. Dobson, 35, Craven-street, Strand; Mr. Oliver, Bridge-street, Vauxhall; Mr. J. Monck, Bexley Heath; Mr. T. Stokes, 12, St. Ronan's, Deptford; Mr. Cowell, 22, Terrace, Pimlico; Mr. Parfitt, 96, Edgware-road; Mr. Hart, Portsmouth-place, Kennington-lane; Mr. Charlesworth, grocer, 124, Shoreditch: Mr. R. G. Bower, grocer, 22, Brick-lane, St. Luke's; Mr. S. J. Avila, pawnbroker, opposite the church, Hackney; Mr. J. S. Briggs, 1, Brunswick-place, Stoke Newington; Mr. T. Gardner, 95, Wood-street, Cheapside, and 9, Nortonfalgate; Mr. J. Williamson, 15, Seabright place, Hackneyroad; Mr. J. Osborn, Wells-street, Hackney road, and Homerton; Mr. H. Cox, grocer, 16, Union-street, Bishops gate-street; Mr. T. Walter, cheesemonger, 67, Hoxton Old Town; and at one agent's in every principal town in Great Britain, the Islands of Guernsey and Malta; and throughout the whole of the United States of America. N. B. The College will not be answerable for the consequences of any medicines gold by any chymist or druggist, as none such are allowed to sell the "Universal Medicines." boiled, steamed, or roasted, price 5s., 6s., and 7s.; Copper, Printed by J. HADDON and Co.; and Published Iron, and Tin Saucepans and Stewpans, together with every article in the above line, cheaper than any other House in London. For Ready Money only, and no abatement made. by J. CRISP, at No. 27, Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row, where all Advertisements and Communications for the Editor are to be addressed. THIS place, which appears to have risen from the ruins of the ancient Legeolium, a Roman station in the vicinity, now Castleford, was by the Saxons called Kirby, and after the conquest obtained the name of Pontfract, from the breaking of a bridge over the River Aire, while William, Archbishop of York, and son of the sister of King Stephen, was passing over it, attended by an immense crowd, who escorted him on his return from Rome. Though not itself a Roman station, it was probably a place of inferior importance connected with Legeolium, as the Watling-street passed through the park, near the town, and vestiges of a Roman camp were distinctly traceable previously to the recent enclosure of waste lands. During the time of the Saxons, to whom some historians attribute the building of the town, Alric, a Saxon) decapitation, and, in honour of his memory, dedicated to St. Thomas. His descendant, the renowned John of Gaunt, retired to this castle in the reign of Richard II., and fortified it against the king; but a reconciliation taking place through the medium of Joan, the king's mother, no further hostilities ensued. Henry de Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford, then an exile in France, exasperated by the king's attempt to deprive him of the duchy of Lancaster and honour of Pontefract, to which he had succeeded by the death of his father, and having received an invitation from some of the principal nobility, landed at Ravenspur in this county, and being joined by the Lords Willoughby, Ross, D'Arcy, Beaumont, and other persons of distinction, with an army of sixty thousand men, a of the liquorice they produce. This arti- TEMPERANCE SOCIETIES. Extract of the Minutes of the Committee of the the use of spirits, and have become members of some of these societies. Already do we begin to feel the beneficial effects of this great combination of moral force, in the manifest diminution of pauperism and crime, in the improvement of the condition of the labouring classes of the community, and in the extension of the boundaries of the kingdom of the ever-blessed Redeemer; and while the desolating pestilence, which has recently visited this city and many other parts of the state, has swept off its hundreds and its thousands of those who were in the habitual use of ardent spirits, the members of our Temperance Societies have almost uniformly escaped. With the expression of a well-founded hope that the blessings of temperance may continue of intemperance shall be banished from the to spread through every land, until the demon world, I have the honour to be, gentlemen, battle ensued, which terminated in the deposition and imprisonment of the king, and the exaltation of the duke to the throne, by the title of Henry IV. Richard, after his deposition, was for some time confined in this castle, where he was inhumanly put to death. Henry frequently resided in it, where he held a parliament, after the battle of Shrewsbury; and, in 1404, signed the truce between England and Scotland. Scroop, Archbishop of York, having raised an insurrection, in which he was joined by the Earl of Northumberland, for the dethronement of the king, was by treachery made prisoner, and being brought hither, where Henry at that time resided, was sentenced to death and executed. Queen Margaret, during the absence of the king in Scotland, resided in this castle, and was delivered of her fifth son at Brotherton, in GENTLEMEN, -The British and Foreign the immediate vicinity, having been taken Temperance Society having associated my ill while on a hunting excursion. After name with those of its honorary members, I the battle of Agincourt, in the reign of have taken the liberty to introduce to your Henry V., the Duke of Orleans and acquaintance Mr. J. T. Marshall, a distinseveral French noblemen of the highest Mr. M. visits England partly on private busiguished friend of temperance, from this state. rank, whom that monarch had taken pri-ness, but more particularly to aid the operations soners, were confined in the castle; and, in the year following, the young King of Scotland, who had been taken prisoner on his voyage to France, was confined here till the commencement of the fol- takes out with him, and will furnish to your 26th of February next, in all places throughout lowing reign. During the war between the houses of York and Lancaster, this castle was the prison of numerous noblemen, of whom several were put to death within its walls. Earl Rivers, who had been kept a prisoner here by the Duke of Gloucester, whose designs he had ineffectually attempted to oppose, was put to death in the castle, together with Sir Richard Grey and Sir Thomas Vaughan. In 1461, Edward IV., with an army of forty thousand men, fixed his head quarters here, whence he marched against the Lancasterians; the two armies met at Towton, where the battle took place, and nearly thirty-seven thousand men were left dead on the field. After the union of the houses of York and Lancaster, in the person of Henry VII., that monarch visited the castle in the second year of his reign it was honoured also by a visit from Henry VIII., in 1540; from James I., in 1603 and 1617, on his progress to Scotland; and from Charles I. in 1625. Of this castle, so memorable for its connexion with the most interesting periods of English history, and which consisted of numerous massive towers, connected by walls of prodigious strength, and fortified by its situation on the summit of an isolated rock, only a small circular Albany, State of New York, of the American Temperance Society, and the Society, a number of recent and interesting his own. been organized in twenty-one of the United State Temperance Societies have already States of America, and in connexion with the American Temperance Society as a general head; and in the state of New York alone, where the State Society was organized but a little more than three years since, we have already more than 1100 auxiliary societies in the several counties, cities, towns, villages, and common school districts, containing more than 160,000 members pledged to the principle of total abstinence from the use of ardent spirits. Among this number will be found the greatest part of our most respectable and influential The environs of this place are exceed-citizens, judges, legislators, and magistrates; ingly beautiful, and adorned with several to the future, nearly all of our respectable and, what is still more gratifying, in reference noblemen's seats. The gardens and nurseries here are famous for the excellence bad in this respect, have totally abandoned young men, whose habits were not previously tower remains. Yours, with respect, (Signed) R. H. WALWORTH, President of the New York Temperance Society. To Messrs. J. Capper, J. H. Ramsbotham, T. Hartley, and N. E. Sloper, Secretaries of the British and Foreign Temperance Society. Resolved, That this Committee expresses its acknowledgments to the American Temperance Society for the gratifying manner in which the communication has been conveyed; and, cordially entering into the plan which has been suggested, recommends effectual means to be used for holding meetings on the England where Auxiliary Societies have been formed, or in which may be found a few benevolent individuals sufficiently informed on this subject to feel the importance of taking early measures to spread the principles of Tempe rance Societies. Resolved, That the Secretaries take early measures to furnish a copy of Chancellor Walworth's letter, and the minute of this Committee thereon, to the Secretaries of the Temperance Societies in Glasgow, Edinburgh, Dublin, and Belfast, and on the continent of Europe. LORD CRAWFURD AND LINDSAY'S SLAVES. Ir is pretty generally known that a case of much apparent difficulty, and of much interest to the friends of emancipation, has lately arisen in the Court of Chancery, in connexion with the will of the late Lord Crawfurd and Lindsay. We think the public notices of this affair indicate, and are likely to propagate, a misapprehension of its facts; and we therefore propose to state the case, according to information we have received from a gentleman who has resided for twenty-eight years in the island of Antigua, and is intimately acquainted with the history of this estate during that period. It will create some surprise to state, that Lord Crawfurd and Lindsay never possessed any land in the island, but that he leased a plantation from Clement Tudway, Esq., and purchased slaves to cultivate it.The disposition of this property, contemplated by his Lordship, may be learned from the following extracts from his will, which have been put into our hands. It bears date 31st July, 1816. take themselves off, even if afterwards they should feel it necessary to return again to the Edward Sugden has to say: "From the de- "In the very outset of the observations which prefaced his decision, Lord Brougham very clearly showed, that the instructed statement of Counsel had not revealed the whole truth; for, although the fall in West India property might have had some effect in keeping down the amount of the accumulated fund, which was to be divided among the negroes on their manumission, yet that was not the principal cause. What was the principal cause of the present smallness of the fund will be best explained by the following words of his Lordship, who said he could not avoid ex"Whereas I took a certain part or parcel of pressing his regret that the conduct of the land in the island of Antigua, upon lease, person who had the management of the slaves from Clement Tudway, Esq. M. P., at the an- of Lord Crawfurd had not been more carefully nual rent of £600 sterling, which lease is to attended to. It appeared that this person had expire in the year 1819, I direct my execu- let out the labours of the slaves for a long petors to take another lease of the same land, of riod of time, and yet neglected altogether to obhis heir, for fourteen years; upon the expira- tain the price of their hire. It was, indeed, to tion of the new lease from the heir of the late be deeply regretted, that this person had not Clement Tudway, in the year 1833, to liberate been called to account, or that the executors of all my negro slaves, after they have been pro- the will had not striven to obtain justice against perly instructed in various trades, to make a just him for the benefit of the property. Had the use of their freedom, and after they have been labour been fairly accounted for, and the protreated with all the humanity that reason and ceeds recovered, according to the benevolent justice will allow. If the land can neither be intentions of the testator, the Court would not rented or purchased, but at a most extrava- now have been called on to interfere, as there gant price, I mean that my negroes should would not have been a question to dispute. be kept at what is called task work, until the Thus the main difficulty in the case, which the year 1833. All the rest and residue of my learned Counsel had dwelt on so much, arose property whatsoever and wheresoever, I give not from the fall in West India produce, or one-half for the dispersion of the Bible through the perverseness of the slaves, but from the the world, in various languages, with the in- misconduct of the person under whose manstitution and support of free schools and bene-agement those poor creatures had been placed. volent societies; and one-half to my poor negroes, to be divided among them, male and female, share and share alike, in the year 1833." At his Lordship's death, in 1825, the estate reverted to the proprietor, and the slaves, in number 144, were let on a lease, which was to expire in 1833, by Mr. John Farr, agent to the executors of Lord Crawfurd, to Mr. William Burnthorn, proprietor of a plantation called Herberts. This arrangement now appeared to be lamentably ill-judged on the part of the testator: Burnthorn leased some waste lands in the vicinity of his own estate, for the purpose of employing the slaves. Being a task gang, as it is called, their own condition was worse than that of any other slaves in the island, having no home, and being merely provided with temporary huts, erected by their task-master. In addition to this, the latter, having no permanent proprietorship in them, of course found it his interest to extort as much labour from them as possible, during the term of his contract. The result is sufficiently apparent in a decrease of their numbers, at the rate of 9 per cent. (though the circumstance of eighteen infants being included in their present number proves their tendency to increase,) and in the fact, that of the remainder, twelve are disabled—a number nearly double the general average of the island! After this statement, let us hear what Sir It appears that, owing to such misconduct, no This, however, the learned Counsel "had abstained from stating, because it was almost unnecessary, and would not assist his Lordship's decision." Our readers will be sufficiently prepared by this specimen of Sir Edward's ingenuity, for the following passage in his address: "All the flattering prospects respecting the manumission of these slaves were utterly hopeless. Nothing could prevent these slaves from claiming their freedom, and they knew it. It had been proposed to lay out the fund to which they were entitled for their general benefit, by erecting huts for them, and apportioning to each small plots of land, if they would consent to remain together, and work on the estate; but they had all declared they meant to avail themselves of their liberty, to separate, and to remain no longer on the estate where they had heretofore been located. A letter from a respectable person on the island, well acquainted with the dispositions of the slaves, stated that it was quite unreasonable to suppose that any thing could induce the slaves on this estate to continue to work on it after next month-they would be sure to Let our readers only recollect, in connexion with these remarks, that there was no estate to which they had been attached, otherwise than casually, as a task-gang; and let them further imagine the powerful inducements which these poor creatures had to work for a man who was now withholding from them £2,500, earned by the sweat of their brow, or, rather, by their blood; and they will be in no danger of being misled by these or any other statements from the same quarter. "Every proposition," says he, "has been made that could be thought of to the slaves in this case; but the idea of liberty so intoxicated them, that they would listen to no terms whatever." (We leave Sir Edward Sugden and Sir Bethell Codrington to compare notes as to the indiffer ence of the slaves to liberty.-Tourist, p. 63.) A melancholy proof how often it was, that the best and kindest intentions of individuals were lost on the subjects of them." We cannot imagine any thing more disgusting than this crocodile sensibility: this man's "tender mercies are cruel." Surely, if the Lord Chancellor, to whom this language was addressed, could refrain from manifesting his indignation, he must have as entire a command of his own feelings as he has of those of others. 66 We will close this article with some remarks, which fell from his Lordship, in giving judg ment. As to the capacity of the negro for the safe and rational enjoyment of freedom, his Lordship set that question at rest, by a reference to the history of Antigua itself. "He said, he had at that moment lying before him copies of two despatches transmitted by the Governor of Antigua to the Secretary of State for the colonies. In one of them it was stated that 200 negroes had been liberated in the year 1829. None of those slaves. were natives of the island, and yet nothing could be more satisfactory than the accounts of their conduct since they had been set free. The Governor observed, in his despatch, that they employed themselves with the most exemplary industry in providing for their livelihood. The other despatch was not less satisfactory." THE DYING IMPROVISATORE. Like a But like a lute's brief tone, rose-odour on the breezes cast, swift flush of day-spring, seen and gone, Yet, yet remember me, The fiery mountain sprung. Of midnight heavens, and on the star-lit sea, And in the marble halls, |