Charles Fox, 116-Gage requires more troops, 117-Gage wishes to raise

Canadians and Indians, 117-England seeks Indian alliances, 118-And to

subdue by terror, 119-Rising of the people, 120-Courage of Putnam, 121-

Consequences of the rising, 121-Gage fortifies Boston, 122-The court at

Worcester interrupted, 122-The Suffolk convention, 122-Its resolutions,

123-Fearlessness of Warren, 124-Massachusetts wishes to revive its old

charter, 124.

CHAPTER XI.

THE CONTINENT SUPPORTS MASSACHUSETTS. September, 1774.

Spirit of the deputies to congress, 126-The congress organized, 127–

The method of voting, 127-Great debate, 128-Congress votes by colonies

130-Congress opened with prayer, 131-The psalm for the day, 132—De-

bate on the foundation of colonial rights, 132-Extent of those rights, 133—

Influence of Samuel Adams, 134-Congress approve the resolutions of the

county of Suffolk, 134-The king dissolves parliament, 135.

CHAPTER XII.

THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS SEEKS TO AVERT INDEPENDENCE.

September-October, 1774.

Uncertainty of Gage, 136-Determined resistance of New England, 137—

Gage dares not meet the Massachusetts assembly, 137-The general con-

gress avoid theories, 138-Their retrospect for grievances, 139-John Adams

consents to the acts of navigation, 139-Congress makes the concession, 140

-Insidious plan of Galloway, 140-His defeat, 141-Pennsylvania elects

Dickinson to congress, 141-Sympathy of congress for Boston, 142-Spirit

of Maryland, 143.

CHAPTER XIII.

CONGRESS WILL MAKE THE LAST APPEAL IF NECESSARY. October, 1774.

Firmness of Washington, 144—Congress approves the resistance of Mas-

sachusetts to the acts of parliament, 145-The declaration of rights, 146—

Congress threatens to stop British imports and exports, 147-The slave

trade wholly discontinued, 148—Address to the British people, 148—Con-

gress petitions the king, 149-Independence not yet desired, 150-Spirit of

the members of congress, 151-Patrick Henry predicts war, 152.

CHAPTER XIV.

HOW CATHOLIC EMANCIPATION BEGAN. October, 1774.

Patrick Henry's opinion of Washington, 153-The Massachusetts assem-

bly forms itself into a provincial congress, 153-The trepidation of Gage,

154-Measures adopted by the provincial congress, 154-Acts of Connecti-

cut, 155-Massachusetts conforms to her second charter, 155-Beginning of

the emancipation of Catholics, 156-Canadian Catholics in part enfranchised,

156—Restoration of the French system of law, 157—Canadian nobility con-

ciliated, 157-Establishment of the Catholic worship, 157-Satisfaction of the

clergy, 158-The American congress gets the better of its bigotry against

Catholics, 159-Their address to the Canadians, 159.

CHAPTER XV.

THE GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA NULLIFIES THE QUEBEC ACT. October-

November, 1774.

Virginia opposes the Quebec act, 161-Dunmore's rapacity, 161-He

takes possession of Pittsburg and its dependencies, 162-Disputed jurisdiction

in the North-west, 163—The backwoodsmen, 163-Murders by the Indians,

164-The backwoodsmen take revenge, 165-Murders near Yellow Creek,

165-Beginning of the Indian war, 166-Logan's revenge, 166—Dunmore

calls out the militia, 167—The rally of the South-west at Louisburg, 167–—

They march on the mountains, 167-They encamp on Point Pleasant, 168—

Great Indian battle, 168–Victory of the Virginians, 169—The Virginians

cross the Ohio river, 170-Logan's message, 170-Dunmore concludes a

peace with the Shawanese, 170-Spirit of the Western Virginians, 171.

CHAPTER XVI.

THE FOURTEENTH PARLIAMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN. October-December, 1774.

Opinions of Warren, 173-Franklin and George the Third, 174-The elec-

tions to parliament, 174-The French minister bargains for a borough, 174–

The general venality, 175-Westminster elects tories, 175-Despondency of

Burke, 176—His election at Bristol, 176—Sir William Howe returned for

Nottingham, 176—The king declares the New England governments in a

state of rebellion, 177—Debate in the house of lords, 178—In the house of

commons, 179-Lord North wishes to negotiate, 179-The frankness of

Franklin, 180-Confidence of the ministry, 181-Firmness of the congress

of Massachusetts, 182-Seizure of cannon near Newport, 183—Of arms and

powder at Portsmouth, 184--Condition of Massachusetts, 184-Its clergy,

184-Magnanimity of Boston, 185.

CHAPTER XVII.

THE KING REJECTS THE OFFERS OF CONGRESS. December, 1774-January, 1775.

Franklin presents the petition of congress, 186-The minister at war

disheartened, 187-Lord Howe negotiates with Franklin, 188-Franklin's

proposal rejected, 189-Jamaica offers its mediation, 189-Views of the French

ministry, 190—Chatham's position, 190-His interview with Franklin, 191–

Camden's opinion, 191-Chatham and Rockingham differ, 192—A cabinet

council rejects the proposals of congress, 193.

CHAPTER XVIII.

CHATHAM LAYS THE FOUNDATION OF PEACE. January 20th, 1775.

American papers laid before Parliament, 194-Virginia Presbyterians in

council, 194—Their decision, 195-Chatham proposes to remove the army

from Boston, 196-His speech, 196-His eulogy of the American people, 197

Their union, 197-Their independence, 198-Their spirit of liberty, 199—

Wisdom of congress, 200-The king's anger at Chatham, 201-The debate in

the house of lords, 202-Good effects of Chatham's speech, 203.

CHAPTER XIX.

THE PEOPLE OF NEW YORK TRUE TO UNION. January-February, 1775.

Firm union of the continent, 205-Accession of a part of Georgia, 206--

Movements in Virginia, 206-Maryland and Delaware, 207-Intrigues in New

York, 208—The hopes of royalists increase, 209-The New York assembly

false to the congress, 210-The conflict in Pennsylvania and New Jersey,

211-The New York assembly refuse to send delegates to the next con-

gress, 212—The press of New York, 212-Pamphlets of Hamilton, 213.

CHAPTER XX.

PARLIAMENT DECLARES MASSACHUSETTS IN REBELLION. Jan. 23-Feb. 9, 1775.

Plans of the ministry, 217-Parliament unrelenting, 218-Instructions to

Gage to act offensively, 218-Chatham interposes, 219-Debate in the house

of lords, 220-Chatham's tribute to Franklin, 220-His invective against the

ministers, 221-His bill for conciliation rejected, 222-The house of com-

mons in committee declare Massachusetts in rebellion, 223-Renewed nego-

tiation with Franklin, 224-Renewed debate in the house of commons, 224

—Angry debate in the house of lords, 225-Joint address of parliament, 227.

CHAPTER XXI.

THE SPIRIT OF NEW ENGLAND. February, 1775.

Massachusetts appoints its committee of safety, 228-Their firmness, 229

—Their measures for defence, 229-Military preparation, 230-Leonard re-

commends submission, 231-The reply of John Adams, 232.

CHAPTER XXII.

HAS NEW ENGLAND A RIGHT IN THE NEWFOUNDLAND FISHERIES? Feb., 1775.

Lord North proposes to exclude New England from the fisheries, 239-

Concessions to the French, 240-Lord North in favor of sending commission-

ers to America, 241-Consultation with Franklin, 241-Lord North proposes

a plan of conciliation, 242-He loses his control of the house of commons,

243-Inadequateness of his offer, 244-Appointment of Howe as general, 244

-Of Lord Howe as admiral and commissioner, 245- Clinton and Burgoyne,

245-Burgoyne rebuked 246-Holland menaced, 246-Opinions on Lord

North's proposal, 247.

CHAPTER XXIII.

THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE BOSTON MASSACRE. February-March, 1775.

Spirit of the Dutch Americans, 249-Of Western Virginia, 250—Of South

Carolina, 251-Of Boston, 251-Expedition to Salem, 252-Confidence of the

king, 253-Boston commemorates the massacre, 253-Speech of Warren,

254—The army in Boston becomes incensed, 256.

CHAPTER XXIV.

PUBLIC OPINION IN ENGLAND. March, 1775.

Character of Samuel Johnson, 257-His Taxation no Tyranny, 258-

Johnson on his death-bed, 260-Wesley for the court, 260-Camden speaks

for America, 261-Sandwich calls the Americans cowards, 262-Indignation

of Franklin, 262-Franklin's interview with the French minister, 262-His

interview with Burke, 263-He sails for America, 264-Franklin's sincerity,

264-He retains the confidence of the liberal statesmen, 265-Edmund Burke

proposes his plan of conciliation, 265-It is rejected, 270.

CHAPTER XXV.

VIRGINIA PREPARES FOR SELF-DEFENCE. March-April, 1775.

Conservative character of Virginia, 271-Its want of defences, 272--Meet-

ing of its convention, 272-Patrick Henry proposes a posture of defence,

273-Objections, 273-Reply of Patrick Henry, 273-Of Lee, 275-Patrick

Henry's plan adopted, 275-Dunmore carries off the gunpowder in the colony's

magazine, 275—The people threaten to rise, 276-Dunmore threatens to free

and arm the slaves, 276-The spirit of Virginia, 276-Moderating advice, 277.

CHAPTER XXVI.

THE KING WAITS TO HEAR THE SUCCESS OF LORD NORTH'S PROPOSITION.

April-May, 1775.

Massachusetts hears of the measures adopted in England, 278-Warren

confident of success, 279-Measures of precaution towards the Indians, 279—

Plan to seize Ticonderoga, 280—Preparations of Massachusetts for the war,

280-Confidence of Gage, 281-The citizens of London intercede for America,

282--Confident promises of Hutchinson, 282-Measures of the king in North

Carolina, 282-State of things in New York, 283-The king confident of win-

ning New York, 284-Sagacity of Vergennes, 284-Fresh orders to Gage to

act on the offensive, 284-Dalrymple's pamphlet for America, 285-How far

Lord North was false, 286-Increasing confidence of the king, 286-Great

expectation throughout Europe, 287.

CHAPTER XXVII.

LEXINGTON. April 19th, 1775.

Gage sends an expedition to Concord, 288--Messengers sent in advance

from Boston, 289—The country roused, 290—The news received at Concord,

290—At Acton, 290-Lexington, 291-Its militia and alarm men turn out,

291-Pitcairn approaches the common, 292-The minute men paraded, 292—

The British begin the attack, 293-The minute men disperse, 293-Some

return the fire, 293-The victims, 294-Daybreak, 294-Forerunners of the

village heroes, 295-Prophecy of Samuel Adams, 296.

CHAPTER XXVIII.

TO CONCORD AND BACK TO BOSTON. April 19th, 1775.

The British march for Concord, 297-First rally of the people, 298-They
retreat beyond the river, 298-The British enter Concord, 298—The men of