the heart. A man, he said, who sees the alteration in the life and habits, the proceedings and conduct of a Christian, is ready to regard him as one beside himself, because the causes of this alteration are unknown; but when the source of this change is better understood, when the work of the Holy Spirit has been made manifest, and also the word of God, by which alone such effects can be produced, he ceases to revile, and feels an earnest desire to join himself to those who renounce the world and its vanities, and direct their lives according to the principles of the gospel. Galeazzo afterwards repeatedly told his friends that this comparison made a deep impression upon him, and from the time he heard it, he resolved no more to make provision for the lusts of the flesh, but diligently to search for the truth. He read the Holy Scriptures with attention, knowing them to be the true source of wisdom, and he chose for his companions those men whose examples and conversation would promote his growth in piety. This happy change in him took place in the year 1541, when he was twenty-four years of age. wonderful work of the Spirit has renewed | to guard against everything that might stain the dignity of your birth, may the Lord give you grace, that henceforth your first care may be to live according to the character and privileges of the children of God. The duty of the sons of God is this, to strive with all their hearts and all their powers to become perfect, as their heavenly Father is perfect, and to begin on earth the holy, righteous life which they hope to lead in heaven. Keep in mind constantly, in all things that you say and do, that God has shown us this unspeakable mercy of making us his children through Jesus Christ our Lord. Let the remembrance of this benefit, through the assistance of the Holy Spirit, preserve us from every step that is unbecoming to our high station, and have also in mind, that he who will please God, must be willing to displease men, and must despise the vain honours of this world, if he would possess the everlasting glories of paradise; for, as our Lord Jesus Christ declares, it is impossible for those to believe who only seek honour from men, who are less than nothing, as the royal prophet says, Psa. lxii. 9. We need not therefore concern ourselves about their judgment, but only as to the judgment of God, who seeth all our doings, and our most secret thoughts. Therefore it is not mere folly, but real madness, to draw down the anger of God, for the sake of this perishing world. Is it not shameful, when a woman cares to please another rather than her own husband? and must it not be much worse, if our souls seek rather to please men than their beloved Bridegroom, our Saviour Jesus Christ? When God has given his own Son to be loaded with reproaches, and pierced with nails for us, and to suffer death upon the cross, shall we not stand fast, and endure the mockings of the enemies of God? Why not smile at them with a sacred contempt? or, rather, as we are the members of Jesus Christ, should we not pity such a lamentable blindness? Let us pray to God to remove the thick darkness in which they are sunk, and to enlighten them with the Divine light, that they may not be the slaves of Satan, by whom, as his messengers and servants, he persecutes Jesus Christ in his members. In the meantime, whatever trouble he gives us, and however fierce are his assaults upon believers, he cannot hinder all the afflictions that we endure from working Among those who rejoiced at the conversion of Galeazzo Caraccioli, was Marco Antonio Flaminio, a man of considerable repute in that age for his poetry and learning, who, in his heart, was attached to the Protestants' cause, though he never openly professed himself a Protestant. His good wishes for Galeazzo were expressed in a letter, of which the following is a translation: "Flaminio to Caraccioli, health.-When I consider these words of the holy Paul, 'Not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble are called,' I am reminded of the distinguishing favour which the Lord has shown to you, in adding to your earthly nobility that true and heavenly nobility of which he has made you a partaker by faith. The greater this benefit is, the more should you endeavour to devote your life to the glory of God, that the thorns, that is the riches, and pleasures, and pride of this life may not choke the good seed of the gospel, which has been sown in your heart. You may be assured that the Lord will carry on the good work which he has begun within As you have hitherto laboured to excel all who are of your own rank, and you. Y together for the glory of God and our own salvation. in us. "Whoever is partaker of this strong confidence, can easily sustain the temptations of the flesh, the world, and Satan. Therefore let us pray to our heavenly Father, that he would increase this faith in our hearts, to produce the same fruits, which he is ever wont to work in the souls of his elect, so that our faith may bring forth the fruits of good works, and be openly manifested as such, not as a fanciful, dead, and human belief, but as true, living, and divine, grounded on his word, which is the sure pledge of our everlasting salvation. Let us show that we are truly the children of God, and seek nothing else but that his own most holy name may be glorified. Let us follow his unspeakable goodness, who maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good. Let us worship his Divine majesty in spirit and in truth, and devote to our Lord Jesus Christ the temple of our hearts, as a holy offering. Yea, since we are true members of the body of our heavenly High Priest, let us yield up to him our own bodies, and crucify our flesh with its desires, that they may die in us, and that the Spirit of God may live We may gladly die to ourselves, that we may live happily with God and Jesus Christ; or rather, we desire to experience that we are dead and risen with Christ, and have our conversation in heaven, and the image of God reflected in us. The image will shine the more brightly in you who are already distinguished by your riches, rank, power, and influence. Oh what a pleasing sight for all true Christians, yea, even for the angels and for God, to see a man of so exalted a station mindful of the frailty of life, and the vanity of earthly things, and saying with Christ, I am a worm, and no man; or with David, 'Turn thee unto me, and have mercy upon me; for I am desolate and afflicted.' He is truly rich, who is brought to this state of spiritual poverty, and with his whole heart abandons all that he possesses, even human wisdom and learning, riches and honours, earthly pleasures, and the favours of princes, and himself also. Such an one is looked upon by the world as a fool for Christ's sake, and with all his riches, he prays in simplicity of heart, 'Give us this day our daily bread.' He prefers suffering for Christ's sake, to all honours and pleasures; and because he counts all things as nought compared with the righteousness of Christ-because he has been, and is led by the Spirit of God-he can sing, like the kingly prophet, with unutterable joy, 'The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.' He sets not his confidence on any earthly thing, but in God alone; he seeks no other power or wisdom, no pleasure or glory, but in God himself; therefore he can say, with the same psalmist, Whom have I in heaven but thee, and there is none upon earth that I desire beside thee. My flesh and my heart faileth; but God is the strength of my heart, and my portion for ever." The man who used this language was a powerful and wealthy prince, but he was not blinded by the love of earthly riches and pleasure. He knew that all good things came from God, and must be possessed as his gifts, and used to his glory. (See 1 Chron. xxix. 10-15.) 66 Continually remember these important truths, and pray to God that he would teach you to know your own littleness, and his immeasurable power, that you may take example from David, and humble yourself under his mighty hand, to whom all power and glory truly belongs, and you shall enjoy the grace he gives to the humble, but refuses to the proud. (See Jer. ix. 23, 24.) If, therefore, you boast, boast not of your riches, as do the men of this world, nor of the nobility of the family from whence you spring. Leave such honours to those who cleave to the world, to flesh, and sin. But rather glory that it is your privilege to enter into the kingdom of God, and that the Lord has shown mercy to you, in bringing you out of the thick darkness of error, to the knowledge of his unutterable goodness, and raised you from being a child of wrath, and one of the lowest slaves of sin, to be a child, and a happy citizen, of heaven, through his dear Son Jesus Christ, and has given you also all the good things of this world, so that, as St. Paul writes, all things are yours, the world, and life, and death, things present, and things to come, in and through Jesus Christ, who is the only life of our souls. Behold, this is the true glory of the Christian, whereby you may understand the mercy of God, and tread under foot the pride of men, which never suffers them to look above themselves, except in resistance against God. "This glory makes us humble in the The reading of this letter presented to my imagination vivid scenes, in which white bears and black, grey badgers, wolves of various colours, wily foxes, quick-eyed lynxes, slender-bodied ermines and flying squirrels, were strangely blended with fur-hunters and trappers. These scenes, however, being ideal, and the exhibition at Hudson's Bay House, on the contrary, real, I gave up the former, and set off to witness the latter. most exalted situations, modest in pros-tremely beautiful, would prove to you, perity, patient in adversity, firm in dan- I think, an interesting exhibition. The ger, generous to our fellow-creatures, skins of bears, wolves, foxes, lynxes, joyful in hope of happiness hereafter, martens, minks, and other creatures, help persevering in prayer, full of the love of to form our catalogue. If you can spare God, free from the love of self and of the half an hour to pay us a visit, I shall be world; and, finally, it renders us faithful delighted to walk round the warehouses disciples and true followers of Jesus with you." Christ. Therefore let us turn all our cares and our efforts to this end, that we may follow his great example, and, as strangers and pilgrims, set little value on all the things of this world. You know that the earnest wish of my heart for your salvation has led me to write this address to you, which neither accords with my calling nor my practice, for I freely confess my own ignorance, and am well aware that I am far more fit to be a scholar than a teacher, and would rather desire to listen to and learn from others, than to teach and exhort. But I hope you will pardon my freedom. May God make you as poor in spirit as you are rich in earthly possessions, that with this spiritual poverty you may procure heavenly and everlasting treasures! Given at Viterbo." E. S. VISIT TO HUDSON'S BAY HOUSE, FEN CHURCH-STREET. THERE are many scenes of an interesting kind in the great metropolis, which are rarely gazed upon either by the stranger who comes up from the country to see "fayre London citye," or by the citizen born and bred within hearing of "Bow bells." As they could not be generally visited by the sight-seeing public without inconvenience, so they are not mentioned in the guide-books. One of these interesting scenes is described in the following sketch. There was something so thoroughly practical, and yet so decidedly calculated to excite the imagination in the spectacle I was about to see, that it just suited me, and I hurried on, speculating largely on the probable appearance it would assume. Long before I arrived in Fenchurchstreet, in my fancy I had heard the last howl of a Polar bear on an iceberg, and seen a beaver caught in a trap; to say nothing of the wood and prairie, Indians with their war-eagle plumes, medicinebags, moccasins, scalp-locks, tomahawks and war clubs that crossed my path. Hudson's Bay House,-the property of the Honourable Hudson's Bay Company, is the great emporium in England for North American furs, and the principal sale takes place, on the premises, in the month of March. A passing allusion to the formation of the company may not be unwelcome to the reader. Hudson's Bay, in North America, lies to the northward of the Canadian lakes, and is entered from the Atlantic by way of Hudson's Straits. It was named after the English navigator, Hudson, who discovered it. In the reign of Charles 11., prince Rupert obtained the grant of a ship, commanded by captain Zachariah Gillam, who sailed to Hudson's Bay with one Grosseleig, an enterprising man: the latter having already visited and reported favourably of the place, Fort Charles was then erected on the bank of Rupert River. The sharp double rap of the postman prepared me for the breaking of seals and the opening of envelopes, and in another minute I was reading a communication from Hudson's Bay House, Fenchurch-street, from which I give the following quotation:-"As our warehouses just now present a spectacle in which you would probably feel some interest, I write to acquaint you of it, in the hope that you will avail yourself of the opportunity. Our principal sale of The year following, prince Rupert with furs will take place next week; so that, seventeen other persons were incorpoat the present time, the goods are 'on rated into a company, with the exclusive show.' The collection of thousands of privilege of carrying on trade and estaskins of various wild animals, some ex-blishing settlements in that inhospitable Y 2 region. This was the origin of the present Hudson's Bay Company. Independently of the great fur traffic, which has ever since been carried on between North America and this country, the company has rendered great public services in exploring regions before little known, and in fitting out expeditions to discover a north-west passage into the Pacific, and to attain other objects of an interesting kind. The growing success and importance of the company was at length regarded with envy by many who desired to share the profits that were annually realized, and a "North-west Company" was established. For some time these rival establishments opposed each other with much bitterness and animosity, so that many a deathgrapple took place between their several agents in the secluded recesses of the wilderness; and many a fur-hunter fell beneath the rifle or the knife of his excited rival. Self-interest steels the heart of man, and goads him on even to the shedding of his brother's blood. Nothing could be more certain than the destruction of both establishments, if such a ruinous course was persisted in; they therefore agreed to make up all their differences, and to become one company. This arrangement took place in the year 1821; since which time the Honourable Hudson's Bay Company has included the original establishment, and the North-West Company united. The different animals which supply the civilized world with fur are destroyed in winter, because at that season their skins are in their prime, for their great Creator has not been unmindful of their wants during the rigour of the winter season. The fur-hunters and the trappers convey their skins to the company's establishments at Hudson's Bay; from whence the greater part are shipped to England, and find their way to Hudson's Bay House, Fenchurch-street, London. They are then either reshipped to other countries, or, after being beaten, assorted, and trimmed, sold by public auction to the fur-merchant and the wholesale furrier. In addition to the skins of animals, the company disposes of isinglass, bed feathers, goose and swan quills, oil, buffalo and deer tongues, and other commodities. The fur-hunters and trappers in the service of the Hudson's Bay Company are usually provided by it with all necessary implements and comforts, to enable them to pursue their calling; these are paid for when they take in their skins. On entering the store-warehouse of Hudson's Bay House, it would be difficult to say whether fur or fish has the ascendancy in the mind of the visitor, for such of the skins as are turned inside out have somewhat the appearance of dried fish, and the odour of the place is almost as much fishy as it is furry. The spectacle is a novel one, for the skins lie together on the floor, tied up in bundles of different sizes, containing from half-a-dozen to two hundred, or more, in a bundle, according to their kind and scarcity. In England we rarely see an otter, or a fox; the sight, therefore, of eight thousand otter skins, or eighteen thousand fox skins, at one view, excites the surprise of the spectator. What wandering, what privations, what hair-breadth escapes must be endured! what scuffling with dogs, and what firing of rifles must take place before such a number of wild creatures can be captured in their haunts! At one end of a store-room, a canoe, such as is used on North American rivers, and dragged up the rocks at the different portages, attracts the attention of the spectator; at the other end, a smaller one, suitable for a man to sit in when employed in harpooning seals, catches the eye, while over the door a larger canoe made of bark, in which one of the directors of the company, in days gone by, ventured on many an arduous enterprise, claims a passing regard. Here and there the branching horns of an elk, or a reindeer, arrest the wandering glance. One store-room is filled with otter skins, another with furs of different-coloured foxes, a third with hides of the shaggy bear, a fourth with wolf skins, a fifth with mink, lynx, or marten skins; and others with skins of fishes, wolverins, or bisons. The whole of the fur-warehouses through which I passed contained between three and four hundred bison, or buffalo robes, nearly nine hundred wolverins, more than three thousand black, brown, grey, and white bear skins; six thousand four hundred wolf skins, upwards of eight thousand otter skins, six thousand fishers, between eighteen and nineteen thousand silver, cross, red, white, and kit fox skins; more than twentythree thousand mink skins, upwards of forty-five thousand lynx skins, and eightysix thousand two hundred and forty marten skins, or sables. Besides these, there were skins of the seal, squirrel, hare, blue | fox, racoon, skunk, ermine, weenusk, and musquash, or musk rat. There might be, perhaps, from forty to fifty thousand pounds worth of furs in the whole. What added greatly to the interest of the scene, was the circumstance that everything was kindly and fully explained to me, and then I came in contact with several among the attendants and workmen who were practically acquainted with the regions around Hudson's Bay. One had been employed in fishing, another in building vessels, and a third was familiar with hunting and trapping. I could have passed an hour pleasantly in listening to the arctic adventures of a Scotchman, who appeared quite at home in his narrations. Every one who has been out to Hudson's Bay, seemed to have imbibed a love for the liberty of a wandering life. I could not take even a rapid glance at the skins around me, without fancifully recalling to existence the creatures that once belonged to them, and restoring them to their accustomed habits ;-thus seals were plunging in the ocean waves; bisons hurrying over the extended prairie; squirrels leaping from tree to tree; mar tens springing on half-fledged birds; and musquashes burrowing beneath the ground. The glutton, as I gazed on his hide once more, seemed to gorge himself to the full; and the wily reynard, with his ample brush, sweeping the earth behind him, made off with a grey goose from the banks of an adjoining lake. On regarding the wolf skins, I saw in my imagination a pack of fleet-footed, gaunt, and greedy animals in full cry after the flying steed of a hapless traveller, who had met with a misfortune in the woods. On fled the affrighted steed, with the fierce and implacable tormentors at his heels, till breathless, stumbling, and exhausted, he fell to the earth, and expired beneath the devouring fangs of his rapacious pursuers. There was an unusually large, grizzly bear-skin spread out on the floor. He must have been a fine old fellow to whom it belonged in the woods. I have seen the picture of a bear dragging the body of a horse across the trunk of a fallen tree, over a deep ravine; now the original wearer of that shaggy surtout would have been just the creature to do such a deed; -what an enormous back!-what tremendous paws he must have had! Why, such a monster might almost have hugged a buffalo to death. To live in a country with such settlers, must be no small check on the inclinations to promenade the woods and wilds. Bearish manners in civilized life are bad, but the manners of bears in savage life are much worse. Happy England!-No snarling wolf leaps out from thy shady coverts, and no grizzly bear inhabits thy secluded solitudes. In passing through the various storerooms, the extreme beauty of many of the skins much surprised me; the snowy whiteness of some, the intense blackness of others, with the ruddy browns, the glowing reds, the rich greys, and the shining silver colours presented a galaxy of goodly hues. The fur of the ermine is very valuable, and that of the black fox also; a skin of the former has sold as high as fifteen pounds, and one of the latter at nearly double the amount. When the Polish Jews wore clothes faced with a particular fur, a high price for it was maintained, but when the ukase of the emperor of Russia abolished this dress, the demand lessened and the price fell. There was much in the novel sight at Hudson's Bay House to induce reflection; and when I called to mind the fact that the mighty whale of the ocean, the eagle of the air, and the rattle-snake of the wood were all captured by human beings, and considered that I had already gazed on two hundred thousand skins, all stripped from the wild beasts of the forest, for the comfort, convenience, and pleasure of man, it set before me in a strong light that portion of God's holy word which speaks of the supremacy of man on the earth. God has indeed given him "dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth," Gen. i. 26, 28. Well would it be if our thankfulness kept pace with the benefits that we receive. G. M. THE BIRDS OF NEW ZEALAND. No. I. WITHIN the last few years, New Zealand has greatly attracted the notice of zoologists. When first discovered, this island, or rather these islands, comprehended under the term New Zealand, |