"(e) For the purposes of this section, (1) if the net proceeds of a sale or the net indemnity in respect of a loss are deposited in more than one deposit, the amount consisting of the gain shall be considered as first deposited; (2) amounts expended, obligated, or otherwise withdrawn shall be applied against the amounts deposited in the fund in the order of deposit; and (3) if any deposit consists in part of gain not recognized under subsection (c), any expenditure, obligation, or withdrawal applied against such deposit shall be considered to consist of gain in the proportion that the part of the deposit consisting of gain bears to the total amount of the deposit.

"(f) With respect to any taxable year, amounts on deposit on the last day of such year in a construction reserve fund in accordance with this section and with respect to which all the requirements of subsection (g) have been satisfied, to the extent that such requirements are applicable as of the last day of said taxable year, shall not constitute an accumulation of earnings or profits within the meaning of section 102 of the Internal Revenue Code.

"(g) The provisions of subsections (c) and (f) shall apply to any deposit in the construction reserve fund only to the extent that such deposit is expended or obligated for expenditure, in accordance with rules and regulations to be prescribed jointly by the Commission and the Secretary of the Treasury, under a contract for the construction or acquisition of a new vessel or vessels (or in the discretion of the Commission, for a part interest therein) entered into within two years from the date of such deposit only if under such rules and regulations

"(1) within such period of two years not less than 121⁄2 per centum of the construction or contract price of the vessel or vessels is paid or irrevocably committed on account thereof and the plans and specifications therefor are approved by the Commission to the extent by it deemed necessary; and

"(2) in case of a vessel or vessels not constructed under the provisions of this title or not purchased from the Commission, (A) said construction is completed, within six months from the date of the construction contract, to the extent of not less than 5 per centum thereof (or in case the contract covers more than one vessel, the construction of the first vessel so contracted for is so completed to the extent of not less than 5 per centum) as estimated by the Commission and certified by it to the Secretary of the Treasury, and (B) all construction under such contract is completed with reasonable dispatch thereafter.

"(h) The Commission is authorized under rules and regulations to be prescribed jointly by the Secretary of the Treasury and the Commission to grant extensions of the period within which the deposits shall be expended or obligated or within which construction shall have progressed to the extent of 5 per centum of completion as provided herein, but such extension shall not be for an aggregate additional period in excess of two years with respect to the expenditure or obligation of such deposits or more than one year with respect to the progress of such construction: Provided, however, That until the termination of the present war or until such earlier time as the Congress by concurrent resolution or the President may designate, in addition to the extensions hereinbefore permitted, further extensions may be granted ending not later than six months after such termination of the present war or such earlier date as may be so designated.

"(i) Any such deposited gain or portion thereof which is not so expended or obligated within the period provided, or which is otherwise withdrawn before the expiration of such period, or with respect to which the construction has not progressed to the extent of 5 per centum of completion within the period provided, or with respect to which the Commission finds and certifies to the Secretary of the Treasury that, for causes within the control of the taxpayer, the entire construction is not completed with reasonable dispatch, if otherwise taxable income under the law applicable to the taxable year in which such gain was realized, shall be included in the gross income for such taxable year, except for

the purpose of the declared value excess-profits tax and the capital stock tax. If any such deposited gain or portion thereof is so included in gross income for such taxable year, there shall (in addition to any other deficiency), be assessed, collected, and paid in the same manner as if it were a deficiency, an amount equal to 1.1 per centum of the amount of gain so included, such amount being in lieu of any adjustment with respect to the declared value excess-profits tax for such taxable year.

"(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any deficiency in tax for any taxable year resulting from the inclusion of any amount in gross income as provided by subsection (i), and the amount to be treated as a deficiency under such subsection in lieu of any adjustment with respect to the declared value excess-profits tax, may be assessed or a proceeding in court for the collection thereof may be begun without assessment, at any time: Provided, however, That interest on any such deficiency or amount to be treated as a deficiency shall not begin until the date the deposited gain or portion thereof in question is required under subsection (i) to be included in gross income.

"(k) This section shall be applicable to a taxpayer only in respect of sales or indemnifications for losses occurring within a taxable year beginning after December 31, 1939, and only in respect of earnings derived during a taxable year beginning after December 31, 1939.

"(1) For the purposes of this section a vessel shall be considered as constructed or acquired by the taxpayer if constructed or acquired by a corporation at a time when the taxpayer owns at least 95 per centum of the total number of shares of each class of stock of the corporation.

"(m) The terms used in this section shall have the same meaning as in chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code.

"(n) The terms 'contract for the construction' and 'construction contract,' as used in this section, shall include, in the case of a taxpayer who constructs a new vessel in a shipyard owned by such taxpayer, an agreement between such taxpayer and the Commission with respect to such construction and containing provisions deemed necessary or advisable by the Commission to carry out the purposes and policy of this section."] SEC. 113. ADJUSTED BASIS FOR DETERMINING GAIN OR LOSS.

(a) BASIS (UNADJUSTED) OF PROPERTY.-The basis of property shall be the cost of such property; except that—

(1) INVENTORY VALUE.-If the property should have been included in the last inventory, the basis shall be the last inventory value thereof.

(2) GIFTS AFTER DECEMBER 31, 1920.-If the property was acquired by gift after December 31, 1920, the basis shall be the same as it would be in the hands of the donor or the last preceding owner by whom it was not acquired by gift, except that if such basis (adjusted for the period prior to the date of the gift as provided in subsection (b)) is greater than the fair market value of the property at the time of the gift, then for the purpose of determining loss the basis shall be such fair market value. If the facts necessary to determine the basis in the hands of the donor or the last preceding owner are unknown to the donee, the Commissioner shall, if possible, obtain such facts from such donor or last preceding owner, or any other person cognizant thereof. If the Commissioner finds it impossible to obtain such facts, the basis in the hands of such donor or last preceding owner shall be the fair market value of such property as found by the Commissioner as of the date or approximate date at which, according to the best information that the Commissioner is able to obtain, such property was acquired by such donor or last preceding

owner.

(3) TRANSFER IN TRUST AFTER DECEMBER 31, 1920.-If the property was acquired after December 31, 1920, by a transfer in trust (other than by a transfer in trust by a gift, bequest, or devise) the basis shall be the same as it would be in the hands of the grantor, increased in the amount of gain or decreased in the amount of loss recognized to the grantor upon such transfer under the law applicable to the year in which the transfer was made.

(4) GIFT OR TRANSFER IN TRUST BEFORE JANUARY 1, 1921.-If the property was acquired by gift or transfer in trust on or before December 31, 1920, the basis shall be the fair market value of such property at the time of such acquisition.

(5) PROPERTY TRANSMITTED AT DEATH.-If the property was acquired by bequest, devise, or inheritance, or by the decedent's estate from the decedent, the basis shall be the fair market value of such property at the time of such acquisition. In the case of property transferred in trust to pay the income for life to or upon the order or direction of the grantor, with the right reserved to the grantor at all times prior to his death to revoke the trust, the basis of such property in the hands of the persons entitled under the terms of the trust instrument to the property after the grantor's death shall, after such death, be the same as if the trust instrument had been a will executed on the day of the grantor's death. For the purpose of this paragraph property passing without full and adequate consideration under a general power of appointment exercised by will shall be deemed to be property passing from the individual exercising such power by bequest or devise. If the property was acquired by bequest, devise, or inheritance, or by the decedent's estate from the decedent, and if the decedent died after August 26, 1937, and if the property consists of stock or securities of a foreign corporation, which with respect to its taxable year next preceding the date of the decedent's death was, under the law applicable to such year, a foreign personal holding company, then the basis shall be the fair market value of such property at the time of such acquisition or the basis in the hands of the decedent, whichever is lower. In the case of an election made by the executor under section 811 (j) the time of acquisition of the property shall, for the purpose of this paragraph, be the applicable valuation date of the property prescribed by such section in determining the value of the gross estate.

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(6) TAX-FREE EXCHANGES GENERALLY. If the property was acquired, after February 28, 1913, upon an exchange described in section 112 (b) to (e), inclusive, or section 112 (1), the basis (except as provided in paragraph1 (17) or (18) of this subsection) shall be the same as in the case of the property exchanged, decreased in the amount of any money received by the taxpayer and increased in the amount of gain or decreased in the amount of loss to the taxpayer that was recognized upon such exchange under the law applicable to the year in which the exchange was made. If the property so acquired consisted in part of the type of property permitted by section 112 (b) or section 1 The statute reads "paragraphs."

112 (1) to be received without the recognition of gain or loss, and in part of other property, the basis provided in this paragraph shall be allocated between the properties (other than money) received, and for the purpose of the allocation there shall be assigned to such other property an amount equivalent to its fair market value at the date of the exchange. Where as part of the consideration to the taxpayer another party to the exchange assumed a liability of the taxpayer or acquired from the taxpayer property subject to a liability, such assumption or acquisition (in the amount of the liability) shall, for the purposes of this paragraph, be considered as money received by the taxpayer upon the exchange. This paragraph shall not apply to property acquired by a corporation by the issuance of its stock or securities as the consideration in whole or in part for the transfer of the property to it.

(9) INVOLUNTARY CONVERSION.-If the property was acquired, after February 28, 1913, as the result of a compulsory or involuntary conversion described in section 112 (f), the basis shall be the same as in the case of the property so converted, decreased in the amount of any money received by the taxpayer which was not expended in accordance with the provisions of law (applicable to the year in which such conversion was made) determining the taxable status of the gain or loss upon such conversion, and increased in the amount of gain or decreased in the amount of loss to the taxpayer recognized upon such conversion under the law applicable to the year in which such conversion was made.

(10) WASH SALES OF STOCK.-If the property consists of stock or securities the acquisition of which (or the contract or option to acquire which) resulted in the nondeductibility (under section 118 of this chapter or corresponding provisions of prior income tax laws, relating to wash sales) of the loss from the sale or other disposition of substantially identical stock or securities, then the basis shall be the basis of the stock or securities so sold or disposed of, increased or decreased, as the case may be, by the difference, if any, between the price at which the property was acquired and the price at which such substantially identical stock or securities were sold or otherwise disposed of.

(12) BASIS ESTABLISHED BY REVENUE ACT OF 1932.-If the property was acquired, after February 28, 1913, in any taxable year beginning prior to January 1, 1934, and the basis thereof, for the purposes of the Revenue Act of 1932, 47 Stat. 199, was prescribed by section 113 (a) (6), (7), or (9) of such Act, then for the purposes of this chapter the basis shall be the same as the basis therein prescribed in the Revenue Act of 1932.

(13) PARTNERSHIPS.-If the property was acquired, after February 28, 1913, by a partnership and the basis is not otherwise determined under any other paragraph of this subsection, then the basis shall be the same as it would be in the hands of the transferor, increased in the amount of gain or decreased in the amount of loss recognized to the transferor upon such transfer under the law applicable to the year in which the transfer was made. If the

property was distributed in kind by a partnership to any partner, the basis of such property in the hands of the partner shall be such part of the basis in his hands of his partnership interest as is properly allocable to such property.

(14) PROPERTY ACQUIRED BEFORE MARCH 1, 1913.-In the case of property acquired before March 1, 1913, if the basis otherwise determined under this subsection, adjusted (for the period prior to March 1, 1913) as provided in subsection (b), is less than the fair market value of the property as of March 1, 1913, then the basis for determining gain shall be such fair market value. In determining the fair market value of stock in a corporation as of March 1, 1913, due regard shall be given to the fair market value of the assets of the corporation as of that date.

(16) BASIS ESTABLISHED BY REVENUE ACT OF 1934.-If the property was acquired, after February 28, 1913, in any taxable year beginning prior to January 1, 1936, and the basis thereof, for the purposes of the Revenue Act of 1934, was prescribed by section 113 (a) (6), (7), or (8) of such act, then for the purposes of this chapter the basis shall be the same as the basis therein prescribed in the Revenue Act of 1934.

(17) PROPERTY ACQUIRED IN CONNECTION WITH EXCHANGES AND DISTRIBUTIONS IN OBEDIENCE TO CERTAIN ORDERS OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION.-If the property was acquired in a taxable year beginning before January 1, 1942, in any manner described in section 372 prior to its amendment by the Revenue Act of 1942, the basis shall be that prescribed in such section. (prior to its amendment by such act) with respect to such property. If the property was acquired in a taxable year beginning after December 31, 1941, in any manner described in section 372 (other than subsection (a) (2)) after its amendment by such act, the basis shall be that prescribed in such section (after its amendment by such act) with respect to such property.

[The amendment to section 372 made by the Revenue Act of 1942, enacted October 21, 1942, added to that section paragraph (a) (2); for text of this paragraph, see Appendix I.]

(18) PROPERTY RECEIVED IN CERTAIN CORPORATE LIQUIDATIONS. If the property was acquired by a shareholder in the liquidation of a corporation in cancellation or redemption of stock with respect to which gain was realized, but with respect to which, as the result of an election made by him under paragraph (7) of section 112 (b) of this chapter or of the Revenue Act of 1938, 52 Stat. 487, the extent to which gain was recognized was determined under such paragraph, then the basis shall be the same as the basis of such stock cancelled or redeemed in the liquidation, decreased in the amount of any money received by him, and increased in the amount of gain recognized to him.

(19) (A) If the property was acquired by a shareholder in a corporation and consists of stock in such corporation, or rights to acquire such stock, acquired by him after February 28, 1913, in a distribution by such corporation (hereinafter in this paragraph called "new stock"), or consists of stock in respect of which such distribution was made (hereinafter in this paragraph called "old stock") and