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Foreign nations-Congress to regulate commerce with, Art. 1, Sec. 8,
T3.

Foreign

powers-State prohibited from entering into compact with,
Forfeiture-not to extend beyond life of party attainted, 3, 3, 2.

Formation of new States-provisions for, 4, 3, 1.

Form of government-States in Union to be guaranteed republican,

4. 4.

States to be protected from invasion and domestic violence, 4, 4.
Forts-exclusive legislation by Congress over sites, 1, 8, 17.

Freedom of speech and of the press-guaranteed, Am. 1.
Fugitives-from justice to be delivered up, 4, 2, 2.

from service or labor to be delivered up, 4, 2, 3.

General welfare-purpose of Constitution to secure, Preamble.
Congress shall have power to provide for, 1, 8, 1.
Georgia-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.

Gold and silver coin-restriction on States as to tender in payment,
1, 10, 1.

Government of States-republican form guaranteed, 4, 4.
protection from invasion or domestic violence, 4, 4.
Grand jury-crimes to be tried on presentment of, Am. 5.
exceptions as to land and nava! forces and militia, Am. 5.
Guarantee of republican form of Government to States, 4, 4.

of protection of States from invasion and domestic violence, 4, 4.

Habeas corpus-writ not to be suspended, unless, 1, 9, 2.

Heads of departments-may be vested with power to appoint officers,
2, 2, 2.

President may require written opinions from, 2, 2, 1.

High crimes and misdemeanors-removal of officers on impeach-
ment for, 2, 4.

House of Representatives-composed of members chosen every
second year, 1, 2, 1.

qualification of electors, 1, 2, 1.

qualification of member, age, and residence, 1, 2, 2.

State executives to issue writs of election, 1, 2, 4.

shall choose speaker and other officers, 1, 2, 5.

shall have sole power of impeachment, 1, 2, 5.

shall judge elections, returns, and qualifications of its members.
1,5, 1.

a majority to constitute a quorum, 1, 5, 1.

less, may adjourn from day to day, 1, 5, 1.

may determine its rule of proceeding, 1, 5, 2.

may punish for disorderly behavior, or expel a member, 1, 5, 2.
shall keep journal of proceedings, 1, 5, 3.

restriction on power to adjourn, 1, 5, 4.

members not to be questioned for speech or debate, 1, 6, 1.
United States official not eligible to membership, 1, 6, 2.

members ineligible to offices created during their membership,

1, 6, 2.

bills for raising revenue to originate in, 1, 7, 1.

votes for President and Vice-President to be counted in presence
of, Am. 12.

when and how to choose President, Am. 12.

vote to be taken by States, Am. 12.

quorum in such case, what to constitute, Am. 12.

House of Representatives-Continued.

majority of States necessary to choice, Am. 12.

disability to membership by participation in rebellion, Am. 14, 3. Congress may remove disability, Am. 14, 3.

Immunities-privilege of member of Congress from arrest, 1, 10, 3. soldiers not to be quartered in time of peace, 3.

no person to be twice in jeopardy for same offense, 5.

who are citizens of United States, Am. 14, 1.

privileges and immunities of citizens not to be abridged, Am. 14, 1. State not to deprive of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, Am. 14, 1.

nor deny the equal protection of the law, Am. 14, 1. Impeachment -House to have sole power of, 1, 2, 5. Senate the sole power to try, 1, 3, 6.

to be on oath or affirmation, 1, 3, 6.
when Chief Justice to preside, 1, 3, 6.
two-thirds necessary for conviction, 1, 3, 6.
judgment, extent of on conviction, 1, 3, 7.

judgment, not to bar indictment and punishment, 1, 3, 7. Importation of slaves-restriction on power of Congress, 1, 9, 1. tax may be imposed, 1, 9, 1.

Imports or exports-State shall not lay without consent of Congress, 1, 10, 2.

of land by State, for use of Treasury, 1, 10, 2.

shall be subject to revision of Congress, 1, 10, 2.

Imposts and excises-Congress shall have power to lay and collect, 1, 8, 1.

to be uniform throughout States, 1, 8, 1.

Indian tribes-Congress to regulate commerce with, 1, 8, 3.

Indictment, or presentment-essential to trial for capital or infamous crime, Am. 5.

except in cases in land and naval forces and militia, Am. 5.
of person convicted on impeachment, 1, 3, 7.

Inferior courts-power of Congress to establish, 1, 8, 9.

judicial power vested in, 3, 1.

judges to hold office during good behavior, 3, 1.

compensation not to be diminished during official term, 3, 1. Inferior officers-Congress may invest appointment of where they think proper, 2, 2, 2.

Insurrections-Congress to provide for suppression of, 1, 8, 15.
participants in, disqualified for office, Am. 14, 3.
Congress may remove disabilities, Am. 14, 3.
debts contracted in aid of, void, Am. 14, 4.
Invasion-State, when may engage in war, 1, 10, 3.
writ of habeas corpus, suspension of, 1, 9, 1.
Congress may call militia out to repel, 1, 8, 15.
United States to protect each State against, 4, 4.

Inventors-Congress to pass laws to secure rights to, 1, 8, 8.
Involuntary servitude-abolition of, except for crime, Am. 13, 1.

Jeopardy of life and limb-person not to be twice subject to, Am. 5.
Journal of proceedings-each House to keep, 1, 5, 3.

Judges-of United States courts to hold office during good behavior, 3,1. compensation not to be diminished during term, 3, 1.

in every State bound by Constitution, laws, and treaties of United States, 6, 2.

Judgment in impeachment cases to extend only to removal from office, Art. 1. Sec. 3, ¶ 7.

not a bar to indictment and trial at law, 1, 3, 7.

Judicial power-Congress may constitute inferior tribunals, 1, 8, 9. lodged in Supreme and inferior courts, 3, 1.

judges to hold office during good behavior, 3, 1.

compensation not to be diminished during continuance in office, 3, 1.

to extend to cases in law and equity, 3, 2, 1.

to cases arising under Constitution, laws, and treaties, 3, 2, 1.

to all cases affecting ambassadors, ministers, and consuls, 3, 2, 1. to all admiralty and maritime cases, 3, 2, 1.

to controversies to which United States is a party, 3, 2, 1.

to controversies between States, 3, 2, 1.

to controversies between a State and citizens of another State, 3, 2, 1.

or between a State or its citizens and foreign States or citizens, 3, 2, 1.

in cases affecting ambassadors, etc., Supreme Court to have original jurisdiction, 3, 2, 2.

in all other cases to have appellate jurisdiction, 3, 2, 2.

trial of crimes, except in cases of impeachment, to be by jury,3,2,3. trial to be held in State where crime committed, 3, 2, 3.

when not committed within State Congress may direct, 3, 2, 3. not to extend to cases against a State by citizens of another State or a foreign State, Am. 11.

Judicial proceedings-of States, full faith and credit to be given to, 4, 1. manner of proving may be prescribed by Congress, 4, 1.

Judicial officers-to be bound by oath to support Constitution, 6, 3. Jurisdiction-of Supreme Court, appellate and original, 3, 2, 2. of inferior tribunals, 1, 8, 9.

Jury-trial of crimes except on impeachment to be by jury, 3, 2, 3. accused to have speedy and public trial by, Am. 6.

suits at law where value over twenty dollars shall be tried by,

Am. 7.

fact not to be re-examined except by rules of common law, Am. 7. Just compensation-property not to be taken for public use without, Am. 5.

Justice-purpose of Constitution to establish, Preamble.

Labor-fugitives from, to be delivered up, 4, 2, 3.

Land and naval forces-Congress may govern and regulate, 1, 8, 14. Law of the land-Constitution, laws, and treaties constitute, 6, 2. judges in every State bound by, 6, 2.

Law of nations-offenses against, Congress may provide punishment for, 1, 8, 10.

Laws-Congress may provide for execution of, 1. 8, 15.

and of powers vested in Government or any department or officer, 1, 8, 18.

judicial power to extend to all cases arising under, 3, 2, 1.

Legal tender-State shall not make anything but gold and silver coin a, 1, 10, 1.

Legislation-exclusive in Congress over District of Columbia, 1, 8, 17. and over places purchased for forts, arsenals, etc., 1, 8, 17.

Congress to make laws necessary for operation of powers of Government, 1, 8, 18.

may enforce article prohibiting slavery, Am. 13, 2.

Legislation-Continued.

may enforce Fourteenth Amendment, Am. 14, 5.
may enforce Fifteenth Amendment, Am. 15, 2.

Legislative power-to be vested in Congress, 1, 1.

Letters of marque and reprisal-Congress may grant, 1, 8, 11.
State prohibited from granting, 1, 10, 1.

Liberty-purpose of Constitution to secure, Preamble.

person not to be deprived of without due process of law, Am. 5.
Life--no person to be deprived of without due process of law, Am. 5.
no person to be twice put in jeopardy of, Am. 5.
same restriction on powers of States, Am. 14, 1.

Loss of slave-claim for illegal and void, Am. 14, 4.

Magazines, arsenals, etc.—Congress to have special legislation, 1,
8, 17.

Majority of each House to constitute a quorum, 1, 5, 1.

smaller number may adjourn, and compel attendance, 1, 5, 1.
quorum of House in case of election of President, Am. 12.
of Senate in case of election of Vice-President, Am. 12.
two-thirds of Senate, on trial of impeachment, 1, 3, 6.
Maritime jurisdiction-judicial power to extend to, 3, 2, 1.
Marque and reprisal-Congress may grant letters of, 1, 8, 11.
no State shall grant letters of, 1, 10, 1.
Maryland-Representatives in first Congresss, 1, 2, 3.
Massachusetts-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.
Measures-Congress shall fix standard of, 1, 8, 5.
Meeting of Congress-at least once a year, 1, 4, 2.

Members of Congress-and of State legislatures to be bound by
Militia-Congress shall provide for calling forth, 1, 8, 15.

oath, 6, 3.

shall provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, 1, 8, 16.
shall provide for governing, 1, 8, 16.

to execute laws, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions,
1, 8, 16.

appointment of officers and training reserved to States, 1, 8, 16.
discipline to be preserved by Congress, 1, 8, 16.

right of people to bear arms not to be infringed, Am. 2.
Misdemeanors-impeachment and removal for, 2, 4.

Money-Congress may borrow on credit of United States, 1, 8, 2.
shall have power to coin, 1, 8, 5.

to be drawn from treasury only in consequence of appropriations,

1,9, 7.

statement of receipts and expenditures to be published, 1, 9,7.
no appropriation for armies to be for more than two years, 1, 8, 12.

Nations-power to regulate commerce with, 1, 8, 3.

power to punish offenses against law of, 1, 8, 10.
Naturalization-Congress to establish uniform rule of, 1, 8, 4.

citizens by, to be citizens of United States and States where
reside, Am. 14, 1.

Naval forces-Congress shall make rules and regulations for, 1, 8, 14.
Navy-Congress to provide and maintain, 1, 8, 13.

New Hampshire-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.

New Jersey-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.

New States-may be admitted by Congress, 4, 3, 1. Art. 4 Sec. 3, ¶ 1.
not to be formed within jurisdiction of another without cousent
of Congress, 4, 3, 1.

nor be formed by junction of two States without consent, 4, 3, 1.
New York-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.

Nobility-titles of not to be granted by United States, 1, 9, 8.
no State to grant title of, 1, 10, 1.

North Carolina-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.
Number of electors-for President and Vice President, 2, 1, 2.

Oath of office of President-form of, 2, 1, 7.

Oath or affirmation-warrants to be supported by, Am. 4.
to support the Constitution, 6, 3.

religious test not to be required as a qualification for office, 6, 3.
Senator on trial of impeachment to be on, 1, 3, 6.

Objections by President-on return of bill, 1, 7, 2.

Obligation of contracts-no State shall pass laws impairing, 1, 10, 1.
Obligations incurred in aid of rebellion void—Am. 14, 4.

Ofenses-against law of nations, Congress may provide punishment
for, 1, 8, 10.

President may grant reprieves or pardons, 2, 2, 1.

no person to be put twice in jeopardy, Am. 5.

Office-who ineligible for member of Congress, 1, 6, 2.

Senator or Representative not eligible for other office, 1, 6, 2.
if created during his term, 1, 6, 2.

holder of not to accept present or emolument from foreign king,
etc., 1, 9, 8.

term of, of President and Vice-President, 2, 1, 1.

of President, when to devolve on Vice-President, 2, 1, 5.

who precluded from office of elector, 2, 1, 2.

vacancy in, when may be filled by President, 2, 2, 3.
commissions to expire at end of next session, 2, 2, 3.

who ineligible as Senator, representative, or Presidential elector,
Am. 14, 3.

Officers-Congress may vest appointment of inferior officers where it
thinks proper, 2, 2, 2.

removal on impeachment for certain crimes, 2, 4.

of House of Representatives to be chosen by itself, 1, 2, 5.
Senate to choose its own, 1, 3, 5.

Opinion of officers-of Executive departments, may be required by
President, 2, 2, 1.

Orders-resolutions and vote to be presented to President, 1, 7, 3.
Original jurisdiction-of Supreme Court, 3, 2, 2.

Pardons-President may grant except in cases of impeachment, 2, 2, 1.
Patent rights-Congress may pass laws securing, 2, 2, 1.
Pensions and bounties-debts for not to be questioned, Am. 14, 4.
Pennsylvania-Representatives at first Congress, 1, 2, 3.

People-Constitution formed by, Preamble.

right of peaceable assemblage shall not be abridged, Am. 1.
right to bear arms not to be infringed, Am. 2.

to be secure in person and property from unreasonable seizures
and search, Am. 4.

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