city of the South are also standing monuments of the undying devotion to their faith of the Irish race. The cathedral church of Melbourne, from its superb site, overlooking the entire city and harbor, bears the name of Ireland's patron saint, and is, besides, the finest ecclesiastical building in the Southern hemisphere. This is henceforth to be the seat from which Dr. Carr is to watch over his new flock. The good bishop must regret the severance of the connection between himself and the faithful people of the West; but in the fair city where his lot is now cast he will find a people as true, as faithful, and as warm-hearted as ever patriotic or saintly prelate governed. We feel certain that the presence of Dr. Carr among our countrymen beneath the Southern Cross will draw closer the bonds that bind the Australian Irish to their motherland; and we have no doubt but they will soon learn to appreciate those high qualities and that sterling worth which have won for the new archbishop the love and veneration of his countrymen at home.

Dublin Nation.

Distinguished Honor.

It gives us pleasure to notice that our esteemed fellow citizen, D. A. O'Sullivan, Esq., Barrister, has been honored by Laval University with the degree of Doctor of Laws. Laval is one of the oldest seats of learning in America, and bestows its favors very sparingly. Looking over its "Annual" for the current year, we find the names with which Mr. O'Sullivan's has been associated to be those principally of judges and others learned in the law. To be thus classed is indeed a proud distinction; and Mr. O'Sullivan is to be congratulated on his fresh honors, conferred, as we learn, in acknowledgment of his efforts in clearing up some disputed points in the history of the Church in Canada, for the different law books written by him, and for certain miscellaneous writing. The authorities of Laval doubtless also took into account that Mr. O'Sullivan was eligible for the degree of Doctor of Laws in the University of Toronto, and that he was one of its senators, representing the Catholics of this province. Mr. O'Sullivan's career has certainly been brilliant. He graduated in 1872 in arts as B. A., and in law in 1876, taking the degree of M. A. in 1877. He was scholar in law - that is, he stood first every year during the course, with a prize of $120 each year, a position that any student might feel proud of. He has written three law books, on "Wills," on "Conveyancing," and on "Canadian Government;" and is the author of papers published in the Canadian Institute Journal, in DONAHOE'S and other magazines. Mr. O'Sullivan is also a regular contributor to the American Catholic Quarterly Review, in which appeared those researches into ecclesiastical affairs which have won for him his latest honor. Again let us congratulate Mr. O'Sullivan, and wish him long life in its enjoyment, and a still more brilliant and prosperous

career.

We copy, with much pleasure, the above article from the Irish Canadian newspaper of Toronto, Canada, and cheerfully join our congratulations with those of our contemporary. An article from the pen of Mr. O'Sullivna was given in our issue of December.

The Irish Prospering in South America.

A SCOTCH settler in the Banda Oriental has contributed to the Daily News an account of the husbandry and prospects of that portion of South America. In the course of it he pays a high compliment to Irish colonists. He says: "Singularly enough, the Irish, of whom the are upwards of 30,000 in the country, are the most successful settlers. To them is due the great development of sheep farming, which is making the country rival Australia and New Zealand in the production of wool. The Irish "Estancieros " are estimated to posess about 50,000,000 sheep, besides great herds of cattle; and they are the chief landed proprietors in the province of Buenos Ayres, where the most flourishing English educational establishments are maintained by them; and they are noted for their hospitality to strangers. In short, they are admirable; in all the relations of life; and Irish housemaids, who abound in the city, are remarkable for their uniform morality, honesty, and good temper. But this, by the way, and in vindication of the Irish race, which partisan politicians during the late electoral campaign at home slandered in the most shameless manner." The explanation of the prosperity of the Irish is not far to seek. They get fair play out there. The climate suits them, as do the religion and form of the government. The first is pleasant and healthy, the second is Roman Catholicism, the faith of our fathers, and the third is an easy republican yoke. The old denizens of these regions are of Iberian descent, and the Spaniards and the Irish always get along well together. A clear stage and no favor is all that the Irish emigrant demands. Of course, he cannot thrive if he is met on landing in any place by an inclement temperature, a glutted market, and a grudging and anti-Irish population.

About Marriage.

THERE are multitudes of young people who toss their heads and say that it is nobody's business besides their own whom they marry. We are in love, they cry, and of course we shall marry. But it is by no means true that simply because a man and a woman are in love they ought to get married. It is a foolish and a dangerous step for them to venture upon matrimony without love, but it may be equally rash and imprudent for them to go into matrimony for no other reason than that they are fond of each other. The love may have no sufficient basis of respect to assure its permanence, and difference of training, disposition, and association may cause them to be unequally yoked together. Inherited disease, mental, moral, or physical, may make the lives of their children a curse to themselves and the community. And

they may not be ready to marry because of other and prudential reasons. The bars to marriage are many.

A marriage, too, is the business of other people besides the two who propose to get married. There are two families to be consulted, for is not a new member to be brought into each of them? A daughter is to be given up to the keeping of another than her parents, and is not that a transfer in which they have an interest so deep that they should be consulted as to it? The community also has its rights, and it takes care to enforce them by law, for the title to property and the maintenance of the offspring of the union are involved. Last, the children to come of the marriage are possible and probable parties whose right must be guarded in the contract.

So, you see, young people, that marriage is a very serious business, in which many others besides yourselves have a right to be considered. Therefore, when you propose to marry, take all the steps openly and with due regard to everybody who is now or who is likely to be affected by the contract. Then the chances that you will repent of the step will be reduced to a minimum. Matrimony is an honorable state; therefore, take care to go into it honorably.

The Grattan Parliament.

SIR THOMAS ESMONDE lectured recently in Dublin. He said the subject of his lecture was not a new one by any means. It had been dealt with over and over again by historians and statesmen, and had formed a favorite theme for poets and patriots, and there were nowadays but few of their countrymen to whom it was not a thrice-told tale (hear, hear). There was no country where patriotism was held in greater honor than in Ireland, and there was no people that clung more affectionately or tenaciously to the memory of past glories than did the Irish race (cheers). There was, he contended, no history more calculated to excite the noblest sentiments of human nature and to more profoundly move the human heart than did the checkered, romantic, and sorrowful history of Ireland (loud applause). There they found recorded sacrifices and struggles made by an ancient people in defence of the great principle and idea of nationality. That principle now asserted itself to-day as then unconquered and unconquerable (hear, hear). Well, there was perhaps no epoch of their checkered history which appealed more forcibly to the national sentiment than that sanctified by the patriotism and genius of Henry Grattan (loud cheers). In dealing with this subject he would refer to the antiquity of Irish legislative institutions, of which they found evidences recorded from the earliest times; for when Saint Patrick brought the light of the Gospel to Ireland he found the kings, the chieftains, and the sages of Ireland in solemn conclave on the hill of Tara. There were many other instances recorded previous to the Norman invasion which went to prove the

antiquity of Irish legislative assemblies, and he might there refer to the Parliament of 574, which was held at Drumkeith, and which was attended by the lords spiritual and temporal and the wise men of Ireland, who met to consider "the claim of Scotland to Home Rule." The southern portion of that country was at the time a dependency of Ireland, and had not only to pay tribute to this country, but it was governed according to Irish ideas, to which the people of Scotland, to the lecturer's mind very justly, objected. They found records of numerous other parliaments during the succeeding six hundred years, of which he might mention the Parliaments held in 1173 at Lismore, in 1316 at Kilkenny, at which a law was passed making it high treason for an Englishman to marry an Irishwoman (laughter). But that act of the Irish legislature did not appear to have been very implicitly obeyed (laughter). There were Parliaments held in 1409, 1451, 1541, 1614, and the celebrated Confederation of Kilkenny was held in 1641 (applause). The lecturer then dwelt at considerable length on the events preceding legislative independence.

Purgatory: Doctrinal, Historical and Poetical,

Is the title of a new work by Mrs. James Sadlier, the well-known Catholic authoress. It introduces a new feature into purgatorial literature, by the gathering together and reproducing the poems, legends, and, so to say, romances, which have grown out of this beautiful doctrine of intercession for the dead. So that while the doctrinal portion gives us many an illustrious authority among the living and the dead, from Suarez to Cardinal Gibbons,-embracing such familar names as Father Müller, Brother Azarias, Father Moriarty, Archbishop Lynch, Archbishop Hughes, Archbishop Spaulding; while it offers extracts from the Fathers, cases from St. Catherine of Genoa, and many another saint; while the historical portion goes in and out among the nations, catching here the echo of a requiem, and there the voice of prayer for the departed; while the anecdotal department gives us occurrences, so to say, of daily life, authentic instances where, in some way, the communion with the church suffering was made manifest; while the department entitled "Opinions of Various Authors" gives us a whole galaxy of distinguished writers, such as Cardinals Newman, Manning, and Wiseman, Chateaubriand and de Maistre, Dr. Johnson and Jeremy Taylor, William Hurrell Mallock and Reginald Heber, Mrs. Sadlier herself, and our own Mrs. Mary E. Blake;-while all this is passing in quick succession before the reader's eyes, the poetical department is gethering up the gleanings, so to say, of this particular field of thought; culling from Dante and from Calderon, and from Shakespeare and from Tennyson; snatching weird old myths from Sir Walter Scott and from the Border Legends, wherein the prevalent belief of an intermediate state is more or less accurately presented. Sweet songs from the

golden pen of Father Faber, from Eliza Allen Starr, Eleanor C. Donnelly, Marion Muir, and Harriet Skidmore, - stealing from the French, from the English, from the old, from the new. The collection is, indeed, a valuable and an interesting one. There is scarcely any taste which cannot be gratified in its perusal. While assuredly devotion to the dead, and a desire to render them effectual help, must of necessity be promoted by its circulation. It is evident from the author's introduction that this is her chief design in the publication of the work. The mechanical portion of this important book is highly creditable to the publishers, D. & J. Sadlier & Co., New York.

"The Grand Old Man."

AT a recent banquet in England, Mr. T. P. O'Connor, in proposing "Long life and prosperity to Mr. Gladstone," said that anybody who had to speak of the life and achievements of Mr. Gladstone suffered from a great quantity rather than a lack of material. At the present moment he had to bear all the slings and arrows which were always the portion of men in the midst of a political struggle. He believed, however, that when the present generation had passed away there would not be a single class of Englishmen or of Irishmen or of any nationality that would not regard Mr. Gladstone as an ornament and a figure of the age in which he lived (loud cheers). He attributed to Mr. Gladstone more than to any other man of this generation the fact that for the first time the classes of this country had been brought into something like community one with the other. He attributed to him the fact that the rights and claims of humanity had found recognition among all classes of politicians (cheers). What great wrong had Mr. Gladstone ever attacked without destroying it? (Hear, hear.) He attacked religious ascendency in Ireland, one of the most powerful institutions and wrongs that ever existed, a wrong kept up by racial feeling, a wrong sustained by religious bigotry, and the Irish Church was swept away so completely that it was only by an effort of memory that they could even recall its existence (laughter). He attacked Irish landlordism, and in doing so he attacked an institution as firmly founded as ever an institution appeared to be, an institution that had at its back the House of Lords, a large portion of the House of Commons, all the aristocratic classes of all the four countries, and the terrible power of eviction; and yet Irish landlordism went down before him (applause), and now they were only discussing the question where they should shoot the rubbish that remained. (laughter and applause). He need scarcely say that he used the word "shoot" (laughter) in the sense of the scavenger, not of the assassin (laughter).

A Voice. Be careful (renewed laughter).

Mr. T. P. O'Connor.- He attacked the domination of the Turk over the Christian provinces, and the tyranny of Turkey disappeared