Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. I would like also to say, while you are on that question, that all of our purchase procedure, fiscal affairs, and budgeting expenditures, are subject to the same regulations and procedures as all the other District departments.

You can see that this recreation-system plan before you was created by the National Capital Park and Planning Commission, in cooperation with the citizens and officials in this community. But it took several years to develop the need that each agency should give up the responsibility that they had and pool it together in the interest of economy and in the interest of rendering maximum service.

The system that you see is projected on a neighborhood plan, utilizing the resources of the schools of the District and of the park proper

ties.

The large circles that you see, 26 of them, are major centers usually around junior or senior high schools or large park areas. The smaller circles are the smaller satellites, which are elementary schools or our smaller District properties which are primarily for youth programs and facilities.

Senator CAIN. And primarily they consist of a playground adjacent to a playfield rather than

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. That is right. In a large area there are major centers around a junior or senior high school which provide for all age groups.

Now, this plan also serves as a pattern for the acquisition of property. Everything you see in solid black means that the land has already been acquired, in some cases years in advance of our actual ability to develop it. Many of the properties in the recreational system plan are purchased by the National Capitol Park and Planning Commission, which corresponds in many communities to your local planning commissions. However, they have a unique function in that they have an authorization which dates back to 1930, to spend up to $16,000,000 for purchase of parks, parkways, and playgrounds. The Planning Commission buys considerable property that we use in our recreation system plan.

Mr. BATES. I do not think the people out there are going to be able to hear you.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. I started to explain, Mr. Bates, for your information and interest, too, that the pattern that you see up here is our recreation system plan which has been created by the Planning Commission of the District of Columbia.

It involves a complete utilization to the fullest of our capacity of the resources of the parks, District properties, and of the school properties.

As I said, we have a recreation board, and we have the same responsibility as the Board of Education. The Recreation Board was created in 1942 by Act of Congress. Do you want me to repeat this, Mr. Chairman?

Mr. BATES. Merely the high lights; that is all.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. There are 170 different units on the recreation system plan, involving both major and minor units; major meaning that we have more extensive facilities in the way of indoor and outdoor facilities; the minor units are the smaller units, usually around. elementary schools or smaller District or park properties. Now, in order to put this plan into effect——

Mr. BATES. Before you turn the chart over, how many different playgrounds in the District come under your jurisdiction, and have you told the Senator what the number of personnel is?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. I have not gotten to that yet, Mr. Bates.
Mr. BATES. Fine.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. There are in the plan 170 different locations. This last year we operated at 147 different locations.

Mr. BATES. Does that include school buildings?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Yes, sir.

Mr. BATES. Inside, that you are permitted to use by the school department?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Both indoor and outdoor properties and, of course, many of our units are seasonal. We have many summer playgrounds that we do not operate the rest of the year. We do not operate all the school properties because there are naturally not enough funds. Many of the school properties are not in the recreational system plan. Upon the creation of the Recreation Board by act of Congress in 1942, we took the scattered funds and personnel among the Board of Education, the District Commissioners, and some of the Recreation Division of the Parks Office, and put them into one department under the Recreation Board.

There you see an organization chart of the Recreation Department, with your superintendent and two assistant superintendents, and under them the division heads.

We have a two-way approach to providing recreation, the neighborhood approach and the city-wide approach. The difference in the two is primarily one of providing recreation in the neighborhoods for the children, youth, and adults, or where the participants live. On the city-wide basis, employees of the Federal Government, of the department stores, and the other places of business who do not have neighborhood interests or affiliations, are provided recreation primarily on the basis of with whom they associate during the day.

At the present time we have 136 classified employees. The bulk of our appropriations, about 70 percent of it, goes into salaries. About 23 percent goes into maintenance; the remaining 7 percent is for other obligations.

The small chart in front of you is in condensed form, showing every position in the department. I will get into fiscal material later.

Senator CAIN. Just one question. You have 136 classified employees today under your consolidation.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. That is right.

Senator CAIN. How many employees, if you recall, were employed in the three branches that were consolidated to make one?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. When the Board took over?

Senator CAIN. Yes.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Eighty-six.

Senator CAIN. So you have gone from 86 to 136 in a period of 5 years. Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. That is right. And we also had additions in our pier diem employees, our seasonal employees. You see, when I say annual, those are now classified positions, and that is the 86 I referred to at the time we were created in 1942.

Now, for purposes of discussion, it has been a most complex situation. In the attempt to unify the responsibilities involved, namely the purchasing of property, the planning of the facilities, and the

operation of the facilities, we have a chart called the Coordinating Committee on Recreation Plans. It is a mixed technicians' committee that brings together those representatives who have anything to do with the provision and use of the facilities for recreation. We have a representative of the Planning Commission which buys the property; we have representatives of the physical-education departments of the public schools, and an assistant superintendent of schools; we have a representative of the Municipal Architect's office which designs the school buildings, and we have a representative of the Office of National Capital Parks which does our planning and maintenance work. There is also a representative of the Council of Social Agencies. Thus, we have public and private interests represented in recreation. It is a very effective device for trying to meet our local problems.

A typical example of some of the work that is being done with the coordination of the community is the two charts that you see. In other words, when school properties are being purchased, or school buildings are being designed, we want them to give adequate consideration to buying property around the school buildings so that it has use for the community and the school. This also applies to the design of school buildings for community use so that they can be more economically operated after school and in the evening. You can shut off a gymnasium or an auditorium in the building and not heat or supervise the whole plant.

Senator CAIN. Does somebody from the School Board sit upon your Advisory Recreation Board?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. A member of the Board of Education is elected a representative to our Board.

Mr. BATES. That is a representative board of all classes of citizens in the District or particular classes of citizens, so that no particular section is overlooked.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. The Recreation Board has seven members, consisting of four citizens who are a cross-section representation of our parent-teacher, citizen; civic, and business interests. There are three officials on the Board representing the properties that are to be used, representing the Board of Education, the District Commissioners, and the Superintendent of National Capital Parks. I mentioned previously that the four citizen members are appointed by the Commis

sioners.

Mr. BATES. Do you have some Negro member of the Board?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Yes; we have one Negro member, the secretary of our Board. To show you how the total concept of recreation has developed in recent years, you have there before you another chart which interprets our job to the community, to our Board, and to our Department, and the organizations with whom we work. For the most part, all of these groups have parks and recreation committees or councils.

We have 83 parent-teacher organizations all of whom have recreation committees; we have 110 citizen and civic associations. In addition, there are several home and school associations. These groups all have a definite stake in the provision of community recreation, particularly on the children and youth side.

There is the board of trade, the juvenile-court committee, the public-school councils, the Council of Social Agencies, and neighborhood councils. Our staff or myself are members of those groups, all

working in an attempt to meet the problems and responsibilities outlined in the legislation created in 1942.

Just for the purposes again of interpreting recreation to the community and to our Board, those are the general classifications in which recreation falls. There are five main categories, as you can see, some of which are physical, mental, creative, social, and service.

For your information this pamphlet is a brief description of the scope of activities which we conduct during the year in the recreation department.

It is divided into two parts, the summer program and the fall-winter

program.

Senator CAIN. The printing of these bulletins is a charge against your departmental budget?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Yes; that is right, District funds, and the work is done by the District print shop.

Senator CAIN. But it comes out of your own recreation budget?
Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Yes.

We operated 147 different units this year, and the Board took over 111 units when it was created in 1942. The chart shows an expansion of 36 different locations over what was operated in 1942 in the 5-year period of our existence.

When the Board took over in 1942 there were 1,276 sessions of operation. By "session" I mean a morning, afternoon, or evening period.

In the present fiscal year there are 1,796 sessions, showing a gain of 520 sessions. In the winter period, we had 602 when the Board took over. This last winter we had 876, showing a gain of 374 sessions, which is a reflection of our additional funds.

You might be interested in looking back on this chart to 1925. From 1925 to 1942 there was very little gain in the provision of the funds for recreation. From 1942 the funds moved up graphically to 1947. You can see that we have had commendable increases and been able to render these additional services.

Senator CAIN. What is your line of dashes above your——

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Those are $20,000 intervals. The red line is an operating budget; the blue line is capital outlay. The budget spurt in the blue line outlay was attributable to about $660,000 made available to us through the Lanham Act.

Mr. BATES. Is that for baseball diamonds, and so forth?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. That is right; baseball diamonds, softball fields, playgrounds, and recreation areas.

Mr. BATES. No building construction of any kind.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. No building construction. The funds were only for drainage, fill, and surfacing. Part of the funds were justified on the basis of the war influx of people. Many of the facilities had been taken away because of the war, building construction, sabotage protection, and antiaircraft installations.

Mr. BATES. Now, in connection with your operating expenditures from, say, 1925-you say you took over in 1942?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Yes.

Mr. BATES. What are the figures, say, from 1937? Are there any figures that could be correlated together in view of the consolidation of the departments, and the creation of a new department that would put us somewhat on a comparable basis in comparing figures?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. It is very difficult, of course, to pick up all those expenses as such.

Mr. BATES. Let us take from the time you started there, that shows sort of a static condition there.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. When our Board took over we had an appropriation of $379,788. The present appropriation this year, with the addition of a deficiency, will be $875,274.

Mr. BATES. That is 1942 to 1948 budget.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. That is fiscal 1943 to fiscal 1947.

Mr. BATES. Fiscal 1947. What about fiscal 1948? What do you have in the budget next year?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. We asked for $998,100.

Mr. BATES. Practically a million dollars.

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. That is right. I would like to add for your information, too, that is not all increase; $36,700 is money that is being transferred to us this year from the Board of Education. By the effort of the school board to show truer school costs, as far as educational purposes are concerned, a cost study was made this last year, of the heat and light that the schools have normally paid for community use and recreation. The study shows the amount of coal, oil, and wattage consumed. Unit prices are fixed so it was possible to determine the $36.700.

Mr. BATES. Who provides the janitor service, both before and after the activity is over?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. We pay for the custodial service for all activity in connection with our program.

Mr. BATES. Are those custodial services rendered by the janitor of this building or is a selected person by the playground?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. No; we use-it is almost a requirement that we use the same custodial staff who are familiar with the building.

Mr. BATES. That is fine, and there the responsibility lies with him. Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. And we pay him the same hourly rate for the services that they get during the day in our schools.

Mr. BATES. And it is overtime work for him?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. It is not overtime in the terms of pay because they only get the same amount of hourly rate. In other words, many of them may work a normal tour of duty in the schools. But if they work only 6 or 4 hours, they get only the regular time, and not the overtime rate.

I would also like to explain in the increased budget, Mr. Chairman, that we also pay for the custodial services for the parent-teacher meetings, and the citizens and civic association meetings. We permit them eight meetings a year for which we pay the custodial services, and the parent-teacher organizations, four meetings a year. In any organizational use of the school facilities that is operated beyond the time, it is paid for by the organization requesting the use of that facility. We also provide facilities for the private agencies in the community; the Girl Scouts, Boy Scouts, and Boys' Club use our facilities.

Senator CAIN. How do you arrive, say, at the figure of eight meetings that you would provide for any given year?

Mr. CHRISTIANSEN. Because, normally most of the citizens' organizations do not meet all year; they usually meet during the fall and winter months. So, that constitutes about a meeting a month. Senator CAIN. What is the average cost of a meeting?