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law, to the satisfaction of the Commissioner of the General Land Office.

17 Stat. 10; R. S. 2287. U. S. v. Fitzgerald, 15 Pet. 407. 4 Op. Att. Gen. 223; 7 id. 647.

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SEC. 210. Any person who has already settled or here- Right of transafter may settle on the public lands, either by pre-emption, der homestead or or by virtue of the homestead law or any amendments pre-emption laws for certain public thereto, shall have the right to transfer, by warranty against purposes. his own acts, any portion of his pre-emption or homestead for church, cemetery, or school purposes, or for the right of way of railroads across such pre-emption or homestead, and the transfer for such public purposes shall in no way vitiate the right to complete and perfect the title to their pre-emptions or homesteads.

17 Stat. 602; R. S. 2288.

SEC. 211. Nothing contained in this chapter shall delay Sale of land not the sale of any of the public lands beyond the time appointed to be delayed, &c. by the proclamation of the President.

5 Stat. 457; R. S. 2282. Decision Sec. Int., Feb. 5, 1876. NOTE.-The following acts authorizing settlers upon the public lands under the pre-emption, homestead, and timber-culture laws, whose crops were destroyed by grasshoppers, to absent themselves temporarily from their lands, &c., and extending the time for making final proof, have been passed from time to time by Congress, viz: 18 Stat. 81; 19 id. 54, 55, 59, 405; 20 id. 88, 169; act of June 4, 1880.

Sec.

CHAPTER EIGHT.

HOMESTEADS.

Sec.

212. Who may enter certain unappropri- 235. Soldiers' and sailors' homesteads.

ated lands.

213. Mode of procedure.

214. Pre-emption filing changed to homestead entry.

215. Homestead settlers allowed same time as pre-emptors to file application for lands.

216. Certificate and patent, when given and issued.

217. When rights inure to the benefit of
infant children.

218. Homestead entries of insane persons
confirmed in certain cases.
219. Persons in military and naval service,
when and before whom to make
affidavit.

220. When persons may make affidavit
before clerk of court.

221. Record of applications.

222. Homestead lands not to be subject to prior debts.

223. When lands entered for homesteads revert to Government.

224. Publication of notice of contest in homestead cases.

225. Notice of intention to make final
proof.

226. Publication of notice of entry.
227. Lands covered by relinquished home-
stead claims subject to entry at

once.

228. Party contesting homestead entry
allowed thirty days after notice of
cancellation to make entry.
229. Limitation of amount entered for
homestead.

230. Existing pre-emption rights not im-
paired.

231. What minors may have the privileges of this chapter.

232. Payment before expiration of five years; rights of applicant.

233. No distinction on account of race or color, &c.

234. What lands disposed of only as home

steads.

236. Deduction of military and naval serv-
ice from time, &c.

237. Persons who have entered less than
160 acres, rights of.

238. Widow and minor children of persons
entitled to homestead, &c.
239. Actual service in the Army and Navy
equivalent to residence, &c.

240. Who may enter by agent.
241. Homestead right extended to Indians
who sever their tribal relations.
242. Certain Indian homesteads confirmed.
243. Chiefs, &c., of Stockbridge Munsees,
homestead rights of.

244. Exemption of homestead, Stockbridge
Munsees.

245. Stockbridge Munsees becoming citi

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Who may enter SEC. 212. Every person who is the head of a family, or certain unappro- who has arrived at the age of twenty-one years, and is a priated public lands. citizen of the United States, or who has filed his declaration of intention to become such, as required by the naturalization laws, shall be entitled to enter one quarter-section or a less quantity of unappropriated public lands, upon which such person may have filed a pre-emption claim, or which

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may, at the time the application is made, be subject to preemption at one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre; or eighty acres or less of such unappropriated lands, at two. dollars and fifty cents per acre, to be located in a body, in conformity to the legal subdivisions of the public lands, and after the same have been surveyed. And every person owning and residing on land may, under the provisions of this section, enter other land lying contiguous to his land, which shall not, with the land so already owned and occupied, exceed in the aggregate one hundred and sixty acres. 12 Stat. 392; 18 id. 15, 22, 194, 334, 420; 19 id. 35, 405; R. S. 2289. Railway Co. v. Watts, 2 Dillon, C. C. 310. Bellows v. Todd, 34 Iowa, 18; Deland v. Day, 45 id. 37; Blair Town Co. v. Kitteringham, 43 id. 462; Walker v. Stone, 48 id. 92; Stalmacker v. Morrison, 6 Neb. 363; Stark v. Baldwin, 7 id. 114; Railway Co. v. Baloni, 7 id. 247; Keeran v. Allen, 33 Cal. 542; Emmerson v. Samsome, 41 id. 552. Decisions Sec. Int., Oct. 16, 1870; April 28, 1871 (1 Copp's L. O. 36); June 20, 1871 (1 id. 114); July 8, 1871 (Copp's L. L. 231); Nov. 1, 1871 (id. 240); June 19, 1872; May 19, 1874; June 1, 1874 (1 Copp's L. O. 35); Sept. 16, 1874; Aug. 25, 1875 (2 Copp's L. 0.83); Sept. 23, 1875 (2 id. 100); Jan. 12, 1876 (2 id. 162); April 4, 1876 (3 id. 21); April 12, 1876 (3 id. 52); April 29, 1876 (3 id. 114); Aug. 3, 1876 (3 id. 122); Jan. 5, 1877 (3 id. 164); March 7, 1877; Sept. 14, 1878; Jan. 6, 1879 (5 Copp's L. O. 179); Sept. 16, 1879 (6 id. 108); Sept. 27, 1879 (6 id. 107); June 22, 1880 (7 id. 66). Decisions Com. G. L. O., Dec. 18, 1867 (Zab. L. L. 162); Feb. 28, 1868; (id. 164); May 15, 1868 (id. 165); June 23, 1870 (7 Copp's L. O. 25); May 8, 1871 (Copp's L. L. 228); July 11, 1871; Feb. 5, 1873; March 28, 1873 (2 Copp's L. O. 57); Feb. 10, 1874 (1 id. 3); March 11, 1874 (1 id. 19); March 20, 1874 (1 id. 34); March 26, 1874 (1 id. 4); April 15, 1874 (1 id. 20); May 7, 1874 (1 id. 39); May 15, 1874 (1 id. 35); May 21, 1874 (1 id. 35); Aug. 4, 1874; Sept. 26, 1874 (1 Copp's L. O. 99); Sept. 29, 1874 (6 id. 172); Oct. 5, 1874 (Copp's L. L. 280); Oct. 28, 1874; Nov. 27, 1874 (1 Copp's L. O. 163); Feb. 20, 1875 (1 id. 180); March 27, 1875 (2 id. 34); May 22, 1875 (2 id. 82); Dec. 1, 1875 (2 id. 132); April 13, 1876 (3 id. 19); June 8, 1876 (2 id. 181); Dec. 5, 1876 (3 id. 178); Jan. 6, 1877 (4 id. 168); Jan. 12, 1877 (4 id. 107); March 23, 1877 (6 id. 137); July 11, 1877 (4 id. 83); Aug. 16, 1877 (4 id. 103); Aug. 18, 1877 (4 id. 107); Nov. 28, 1877 (4 id. 146); Jan. 8, 1878 (6 id. 125); Dec. 7, 1878 (5 id. 147); June 23, 1879 (6 id. 51); July 30, 1879 (6 id. 106); Oct. 10, 1879 (6 id. 125); Feb. 3, 1880 (6 id. 190). Cir. G. L. O., Oct. 30, 1862 (Zab. L. L. 147, 151); June 25, 1869 (Copp's L. L. 248); Aug. 15, 1872 (1 Copp's L. O. 28); Jan. 19, 1878 (6 id. 125); Aug., 1878 (5 id. 118); Oct. 18, 1878 (5 id. 164); Nov. 1, 1878 (5 id. 147); Nov. 14, 1878 (5 id. 165); July 1, 1879 (6 id. 92); Sept. 1, 1879. Rules 24-27, G. L. O. Rep. 1877, p. 101.

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SEC. 213. The person applying for the benefit of the pre- Mode of proceding section shall, upon application to the register of the cedure. land office in which he is about to make such entry, make affidavit before the register or receiver that he is the head of a family, or is twenty-one years or more of age, or has performed service in the Army or Navy of the United States, and that such application is made for his exclusive use and benefit, and that his entry is made for the purpose of actual settlement and cultivation, and not either directly or indirectly for the use or benefit of any other person; and upon filing such affidavit with the register or receiver, on payment of five dollars when the entry is of not more than eighty acres, and on payment of ten dollars when the entry is for more than eighty acres, he shall thereupon be permitted to enter the amount of land specified.

12 Stat. 392; 13 id. 35; 14 id. 67; 18 id. 192, 420; R. S. 2290. Litch

field v. Register and Receiver, 1 Woolw. C. C. 299. Oaks v. Heaton, 44 Iowa, 116. Decisions Sec. Int., March 3, 1874; Sept. 16, 1874; Oct. 20, 1874 (1 Copp's L. O. 149); Jan. 12, 1876 (2 id. 162); Jan. 5, 1877 (1 id. 64); Jan. 23, 1880. Decisions Com. G. L. O., May 8, 1871 (Copp's L. L. 228); May 7, 1874 (1 Copp's L. O. 139); Sept. 29, 1874; Oct. 28, 1874; Feb. 20, 1875 (1 Copp's L. O. 180); April 13, 1876 (3 id. 19); March 23, 1877 (6 id. 137); Dec. 2, 1878 (5 id. 147); June 23, 1879 (6 id. 51); Sept. 12, 1879. Cir. G. L. O., Oct. 30, 1862 (Zab. L. L. 147, 151); April 18, 1864 (id. 155); Feb. 28, 1868 (id. 164); May 15, 1868 (id. 165); June 15, 1872 (Copp's L. L. 239); May 18, 1877 (4 Copp's L. O. 51); Jan 8, 1878 (4 id. 167); 1878 (5 id. 118); May 24, 1879 (6 id. 60). General Cir., Sept. 1, 1879, pp. 11, 20. Rule 26, G. L. O. Rep. 1877, p. 101. Pre-emption fil- SEC. 214. Any person who has made a settlement on the ing changed to public lands under the pre-emption laws, and has subsequent to such settlement changed his filing in pursuance of law to that for a homestead entry upon the same tract of land, shall be entitled, subject to all the provisions of law relating to homesteads, to have the time required to perfect his title under the homestead laws computed from the date of his original settlement heretofore made, or hereafter to be made, under the pre-emption laws.

homestead entry.

Homestead settlers allowed

application for lands.

19 Stat. 404; 20 id. 63. Decisions Sec. Int., June 20, 1871 (1 Copp's L. O. 108); June 19, 1872; Aug. 3, 1876 (3 Copp's L. O. 122); Sept. 16, 1879 (6 id. 108); Sept. 27, 1879 (6 id. 107). Decisions Com. G. 1 L. O., May 21, 1877 (4 Copp's L. 0.51); Oct. 18, 1878 (5 id. 164). Cir. G. L. O., April 4, 1877 (4 Copp's L. 0.23); March 21, 1878 (5 id. 27). General Cir., Sept. 1, 1879, p. 15. Rules 24 and 27, G. L. O. Rep. 1877, p. 101.

SEC. 215. Any settler who has settled, or who shall heresame time as pre- after settle, on any of the public lands of the United States, emptors to file whether surveyed or unsurveyed, with the intention of claiming the same under the homestead laws, shall be allowed the same time to file his homestead application and perfect his original entry in the United States land office as is now allowed to settlers under the pre-emption laws to put their claims on record, and his right shall relate back to the date of settlement, the same as if he settled under the pre-emption laws.

Certificate and patent, when

21 Stat. 140, 141. Decisions Sec. Int., April 29, 1876 (3 Copp's L. O. 114); Aug. 3, 1876 (3 id. 122); Sept. 27, 1879 (6 id. 107). Decisions Com. G. L. O., May 7, 1874 (1 Copp's L. O. 139); Oct. 18, 1878 (5 id. 164). Cir. G. L. O., May 25, 1880 (7 Copp's L. O. 52). SEC. 216. No certificate, however, shall be given, or patgiven and issued. ent issued therefor, until the expiration of five years from the date of such entry; and if at the expiration of such time, or at any time within two years thereafter, the person making such entry; or if he be dead, his widow; or in case of her death, his heirs or devisee; or in case of a widow making such entry, her heirs or devisee, in case of her death, proves by two credible witnesses that he, she, or they have resided upon or cultivated the same for the term of five years immediately succeeding the time of filing the affidavit, and makes affidavit that no part of such land has been alienated, except as provided in section two hundred and ten, and that he, she, or they will bear true allegiance to the Government of the United States; then, in such case, he, she, or they, if at that time citizens of the United States, shall be entitled to a patent, as in other cases provided

by law. The proof of residence, occupation, or cultivation,, Proof of resi the affidavit of non-alienation, and the oath of allegiance, dence, &c. required to be made by this section, may be made before the judge, or, in his absence, before the clerk, of any court of record of the county and State, or district and Territory, in which the lands are situated; and if said lands are situated in any unorganized county, such proof may be made in a similar manner in any adjacent county in said State or Territory; and the proof, affidavit, and oath, when so made and duly subscribed, shall have the same force and effect as if made before the register or receiver of the proper land district; and the same shall be transmitted by such judge, or the clerk of his court, to the register and the receiver, with the fee and charges allowed by law to him; and the register and receiver shall be entitled to the same fees for examining and approving said testimony as are now allowed by law for taking the same; and if any witness making False swearing: such proof, or the said applicant making such affidavit or penalty for. oath, swears falsely as to any material matter contained in said proof, affidavits, or oaths, the said false swearing being willful and corrupt, he shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and shall be liable to the same pains and penalties as if he had sworn falsely before the register.

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14 Stat. 67; 18 id. 81; 19 id. 403; R. S. 2291. Mining Co. v. Daugh-
bery, 1 Saw. C. C. 450. Oaks v. Heaton, 44 Iowa, 116; Deland v.
Day, 45 id. 37; Dawson v. Merrille, 2 Neb. 119; Cheney v. White,
5 id. 261; Jones v. Yorkman, 5 id. 265; Perry v. Ashley, 5 id. 291;
Bellinger v. White, 5 id. 399; Axtell v. Warden, 7 id. 182; McWill-
iams v. Bridges, 7 id. 419; Moore v. McIntosh, 6 Kansas, 39; Com-
missioners v. Shippman, 14 id. 532; Kirkaldie v. Larrabee, 31 Cal.
456; Jarvis v. Hoffman, 43 id. 304. Decisions Sec. Int., June 2, 1871
(Copp's L. L. 234); July 12, 1871 (id. 256); Oct. 21, 1871 (id. 233);
Nov. 3, 1871 (id. 245); Jan. 31, 1872 (id. 238); Feb. 3, 1875; Aug.
5, 1875 (2 Copp's L. O. 83); Aug. 25, 1875 (2 id. 83); Dec. 4, 1875
(2 id. 131); April 6, 1876; Jan. 15, 1877 (3 Copp's L. O. 164); March
7, 1877; April 9, 1877 (4 Copp's L. O. 19); May 14, 1878; Dec. 5,
1878 (5 Copp's L. O. 146); Nov. 25, 1879 (6 id. 153); Feb. 7, 1880 (
id. 6). Decisions Com. G. L. O., June 24, 1867 (Zab. L. L. 160);
Aug. 6, 1868 (id. 167); March 28, 1870 (2 Copp's L. O. 57); Feb. 10,
1874 (1 id. 3); March 26, 1874 (1 id. 4); May 15, 1874 (1 id. 35); Juné
10, 1874 (Copp's L. L. 239); June 19, 1874 (id. 238); July 25, 1874
(1 Copp's L. O. 92); Aug. 4, 1874 (Copp's L. L. 247); Aug. 22, 1874
(1 Copp's L. O. 84); Dec. 15, 1874 (1 id. 149); Dec. 19, 1874 (Copp's
L. L. 271); June 22, 1875 (2 Copp's L. O. 50); July 31, 1875 (2 id.
83); Aug. 6, 1875 (2 id. 99); April 13, 1876 (3 id. 19); Feb. 25, 1877
(4 id. 108); May 7, 1877; June 29, 1877; July 6, 1877 (4 Copp's L.
O. 168); July 25, 1877 (4 id. 108); Aug. 16, 1877 (4 id. 103); Aug.
18, 1877 (4 id. 107); Aug. 25, 1877 (4 id. 103); Oct. 22, 1877 (4 ið.
131); Nov. 22, 1877 (4 id. 146); Dec. 4, 1877 (4 id. 146); Sept. 3,
1878 (5 id. 117); Oct. 2, 1878 (5 id. 117); Nov. 14, 1878; Dec. 5, 1878
(5 Copp's L. 0.147); Jan. 20, 1879 (5 id. 179); Jan. 29, 1879 (5 id.
179); Feb. 4, 1879 (5 id. 179); July 6, 1879; Aug. 11, 1879 (6 Copp's
L. 0.93); Jan. 24, 1880 (6 id. 190); Feb. 19, 1880 (6 id. 189); March
24, 1880 (7 id. 24); April 22, 18-0 (7 id. 25). Cir. G. L. O., Oct. 30,
1862 (Zab. L. L. 147, 151); Feb. 28, 1868 (id. 164); May 15, 1868
(id. 165); Dec. 20, 1873 (Copp's L. L. 244); July 9, 1874 (id. 259);
Aug. 17, 1874 (id. 260); Sept. 9, 1874 (id. 244); Jan. 5, 1875 (id. 261);
Oct. 24, 1876 (3 Copp's L. O. 116); April 4, 1877 (4 id. 23); May 8,
1877 (4 id. 52); May 18, 1877 (4 id. 51); June 23, 1877 (4 id. 68);
July 6, 1878 (5 id. 101); July 17, 1878 (5 id. 95);
1878 (5 id.
118); April 15, 1879 (6 id. 45); May 24, 1879 (6 id. 60). General
Cir., Sept. 1, 1879, p. 11, et seq. ́ Rule 24, G. L. O. Rep. 1877, p. 101.

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