and the receipts expended on articles which we neither have nor make; such as iron, steel, salt, glass, paper, dye-stuffs, or other raw materials. Considerable sums are also now laid out on all sorts of improvements in the buildings, mills, roads, and for other public purposes. The funds of the Society are under the management of a person who renders an account at stated times, and who, with some assistants, transacts the business of the Society. For travellers there is a spacious and convenient inn, where they find good and reasonable accommodations, and have five persons to wait upon them. An extensive shop has also been erected, to which the Americans bring their surplus products for sale or exchange; and likewise purchase manufactures, shoes, hats, and even foreign goods; which is of course profitable to ourselves and to our neighbours. An excellent water-mill with three pair of stones, but room for six pair, has been built on a branch of the river Wabash, about two miles below the town, in which is a pair of French millstones, that cost 400 dollars, and make a great quantity of extremely fine flour for the market of New-Orleans. A good deal of corn is also ground for American customers. cluded from the public meeting for a certain time, during which none of the congregation will associate with such individuals, either till the term of exclusion is over, or till, upon expressing their contrition for the past and giving a promise of amendment for the future, they are re-admitted. Were any one to commit a heinous offence, a case which has never yet happened, he would be consigned to the officers of justice of the canton to which we belong. In fact, it is impossible for any hardened sinner or hypocrite to remain long among us; for they find none like themselves, and soon leave a place where they are quite out of their element. We regard peace and unity as more precious than jewels, and in order to preserve them, we scruple not to sacrifice our own will, and to subject it at all times to that of the Society; and in so doing we find that our aim is best attained. Thus far the written statement of the two deputies. From their verbal communications we learn, that the whole system of the Harmony Society is founded on the bases of morality and religion; and that it is designed, by the utmost simplicity, by absolute equality, by incessant industry without any motive of private interest, and by solicitude for the general welfare, to bridle all passions, and to produce and preserve perfect harmony, in the strictest sense of the term, among all its members. In matters of importance, which are not within the competence of the Warden and Elders, the majority of the votes of the members of the Society decide; and most transgressions of individuals are taken cognizance of by a sort of jury of their comrades. But, as we have among us no such things as fines, the offenders are, by way of punishment, ex-gelical. The foundation of their religious creed is the Bible, which they follow according to their own conviction, without concerning themselves about dogmatic points. Their worship has the nearest resemblance to the Evan otherwise unobjectionable, than to prevent it. The choice of the parties is wholly left to their own inclinations. They have their amusements and diversions, but these seem to be governed by the spirit of the whole. The manner of celebrating Sunday they described as follows: "The No where can marriage be attendmorning service is attended by the ed with fewer cares than here, where whole congregation. We afterwards the community provides for all preassemble in the Great Square, to lis-sent and future wants. A new-marten to the music of such members as ried couple are set up in housekeepare fond of that science. Their num-ing at the public expense, and they ber is about seventy; and whoever are afterwards supplied, like the manifests talents and inclination for other members, with whatever themit may receive instruction, but is not selves and their families need, out of allowed to make music an exclusive the common stock.. profession. At these public perIn order to be an active member formances, not only the greater com- of this Society, a person must follow positions of eminent masters, over- some trade, no matter what, so it be tures by Mozart and others, but also but useful. The occupation gives smaller pieces, good walzes, and the no pre-eminence; and the husbandlike, are executed. When the muman is considered as on a perfect sic is over, the Society divides into equality with the artisan or the shopparties, either to take walks before keeper. The only difference arises dinner, or to arrange longer excur- from the general respect acquired by sions for the afternoon to the neigh-personal ability and exemplary conbouring hills, or into the magnificent duct, but which is liable to be forwoods. In the latter case, one of feited by the slightest misbehavithem takes with him a volume of our. Klopstock's works, or those of some other classic writer, out of which he reads, and then they converse on what they have heard. In the evening, all assemble again to public worship, after which, if they do not chuse to go home, they again walk about." The unexpected word walz naturally led to the question: "Is dancing allowed among you?" It produced this short answer: "Dancing is not prohibited; but none of us ever yet took it into his head to dance." The intercourse of the youth of both sexes is not obstructed; but when it is observed that a young couple manifest a particular fondness for each other's company, the parents and relatives on both sides seek rather to promote the match, if it be When a person proves awkward in the employment which he has chosen, or which has been allotted to him, he is removed from it, and put to another which seems better adapted to the faculties of his mind or body. Of the Warden of the Society, John George Rapp, the two deputies spoke with high respect, and they seemed to be much pained by the statements that have appeared in Europe to his disadvantage. They repeatedly declared, that he was elevated to the office which he holds by the free choice of his brethren; and that owing to his advancing agebeing now 65 years old-he has frequently solicited, but in vain, to be relieved from its arduous duties. According to this account he must have does not follow that he, and perhaps many others, acted without due consideration. From the very limited nature of his circumstances, indeed, he could not clearly anticipate what he has since achieved; he was actuated by a spirit which was deve The history of the Old World records the names of those who have, in a similar manner, upon a large scale, exalted themselves into leaders and sovereigns, or operating in a narrower sphere, have made themselves and their families for ages the lords over others; but it seems to be reserved for the history of the New World to been between 45 and 46 when he quitted his former abode at Ipptingen, a village in the canton of Vaihingen, in Wirtemberg, where he had been chiefly engaged in agriculture, and followed the trade of a weaver. The testimony of these men, given at such a distance, and in un-loped only by subsequent events. reserved confidence, appears to be above all suspicion, especially since they regard themselves not as subordinate to Rapp, but as paying voluntary obedience to the general regulations. Their respect therefore rests on particular grounds, and these cannot but lie in the merits of the individual. His character certainly deserves a closer examination. Ad-name those peaceful conductors who, verse accounts have described him sometimes as an ambitious despot and oppressor, and at others as a downright fanatic; while the reports from his own flock represent him as an intelligent and energetic, but at the same time disinterested, humane, and benevolent pastor. It is not denied that in his native country Rapp was considered as an enthusiast, and as the head of a sect of schismatics, which, according to the general notion, begins with renouncing the discipline of the established church, and finally bids defiance to the temporal power. Such a sect cannot be viewed with indif ference in a well-regulated European government, because it tends to introduce confusion and disorder into the existing institutions; and besides, its principles easily make converts among the lower classes of the people, because they are most prone to innovation. Admitting that Rapp quitted his native land under such circumstances, and took with him many adherents of the sort just mentioned, still it like William Penn, led forth freemen to a wild land, and sacrificing themselves for the general weal, directed all their thoughts and efforts to its promotion. The soil of the new settlement is chiefly dry, fertile, and slightly sandy. The Society, which at first consisted of about 200 souls, numbered, in the middle of the year 1822, 747 persons, and is gradually increasing. The state of Indiana is so far from being unhealthy, as it has been represented in Europe, that its population has augmented during the short period since its foundation to 150,000 souls. From the success of this experiment, are we not authorized to infer, that the plans which Mr. Owen of Lanark has been for some years past zealously endeavouring to carry into execution, are not quite so chimerical as they have been generally considered? REMARKS ON THE PRESERVATION OF THE POPULAR TRADITIONS OF THE GAEL. SIR, TO THE EDITOR. I AM One of many readers who have been delighted by your Gaelic Relics. Every lover of nature, and every admirer of heroic sentiments, must be charmed with strains, whose modulations come from the nerve, the pith and sinews of exalted character; and to convince you, that not only the sons of the mountains, but also their southern neighbours, are desirous of preserving those precious remains of ancient genius, those portraitures of mind and manners in times of yore, I send you an extract from the New Edinburgh Review, No. viii. for April 1823, which contains an able critique on Colonel Stewart of Garth's second edition of Sketches of the Highland Charac ter. "We think, in the first place, that the superstitions of the Highlanders, we mean of course their ancient creeds, are exceedingly interesting, and ought to be collected before it is too late. Martin has given us just enough to make us wish for more. To deride the superstitions of any people is to deride the history of the human mind. the It can never be unimportant to know what man has believed or feared. Dr. Smith has given us the tale of the fair Mego; Pennant, that of the aged Brera; Mrs. Murray, the Highland Cinderilla: what we desire is, the whole of this store; for, aught we know, it may be now perhaps too late: we are very sure it will be so in half a century. Had Macpherson not blazed out as he did, the fragments of Ossian would not be known as they are, and it is possible they might be forgotten by this time." The preceding extracts are but detached portions of this liberalminded article. The whole deserves an attentive perusal; and it is to be hoped, that, before these lines have met the public eye, the writer, who so earnestly recommends to Colonel Stewart to make a collection of the traditions of the Gael, may be apprised that several have appeared, and are in progress to be preserved, in the Repository of Arts. ANTIQUARIANUS. THE EXPLOITS AT SAVENDROOG. On the 8th December, 1791, three horsemen galloped to the base of the rock named Savendroog, or, in the Mysore dialect, the Rock of Death. One threw himself from the saddle, and by severe exertion climbed the steep ascent; while the others, with unabated celerity, returned towards Seringapatam. From the advantages of its situation, the fortress of Savendroog was deemed impregnable: during the sovereignty of Hyder Ally and his son Tippoo Saib, the defences were strengthened by able French engineers;, and the noxious atmosphere was known to be so fatal to European constitutions, that the garrison de received intelligence that a British army, by forced marches, would bear upon Savendroog in a few days. 66 spised and derided the temerity of the British commander, who was said to menace a siege of their inaccessible heights. The rock towered more Tippoo Saib minutely surveyed than half a mile in perpendicular the fortifications and reviewed his elevation above its base, in two cliffs troops; then commanding them to almost perpendicular; and on the wheel into a circle in files, twelve summits, all the resources of art had men deep, around a temporary platbeen employed in continuing the lines | form covered with embroidered silk, of fortification which commenced at he ascended the steps of this stage, the base, a circumference of eight followed by the French officers in miles, encompassed by morasses and full uniform, and with their unsheathforests nearly impervious, except ed swords in warlike attitude. Siwhere a road to the capital had been lence deep and awful prevailed, and conducted with laborious ingenuity after a pause of some minutes, the under shelter of the trees by wind- sultan dropped a dark cloak, and ings and passes, rendering an ap- stood before his soldiery on a gilded proach to the rock extremely diffi- pedestal, seven feet in height, blazcult without a guide. ing in all the insignia of royalty and The three horsemen we may sup-military command. Drawing his jewpose to have been well acquainted elled scimitar, he flourished the weawith this route, as they advanced, pon as he spoke: and two returned, with such expedition: the third, by arduous effort, reached the first out-post of the lower fortifications, called for the officer commanding that guard, spoke a few words to him, and sunk down exhausted, to rise no more. All was now in motion along the ascending line of posts; messengers were seen to strain every nerve in hastening to the highest peaks of the rock; and squadrons of infantry marched at quick pace to the redoubts that ter-empire on the face of the earth, be minated the road from Seringapatam.it your glory, by valorous vigilance, They had hardly time to draw up en discipline, subordination, and intrebataillon, when twenty-five horse- pidity, to prepare for them a discommen dismounted in front of the ar- fiture from your own arms! The ray, and after a hasty refreshment, sultan will distinguish and reward were borne in palanquins to the up- the brave. The sultan will also puper stations of the fortress. By the nish every neglect or deficiency in earliest dawn, the troops had a con- the discharge of duty. Return to firmation of the rumour, that Tippoo your respective stations, and when Sultan, attended by French officers, the climate and your prowess have had come to inspect the works and annihilated the pale-faced Britons, the discipline of the garrison, having and the wild ravagers of the forest Unconquered soldiers of Mysore! the pale-faced men of Europe are marching to their graves at the base of our Rock of Death. Every leaf on the lofty and numberless trees of our far-extending forests is armed for their destruction! Every stagnant pool in our morasses sends forth vapours more fatal than the fire and smoke which impel our cannon-balls to sweep away their ranks! Yet, officers and soldiers of the mightiest |