and licentious outcasts of the human race. For away hundreds of Greeks were seen hanging by weeks and months they were exposed in the slave the neck to the bowsprits and every yard-arm, shambles, through all the marts of the Ottoman struggling in the agonies of death. These were empire. The beautiful maidens found a ready the trophies of barbarian triumph. In view of sale to replenish the harems of the Turk. As them the shores of the Bosphorus were shaken slave labor is not profitable in Turkey, the by the explosions of artillery and by the shout market was quite drugged with the young men, of the million of inhabitants who thronged the and they were disposed of at prices so low that streets of Constantinople, Pera, and Scutari. even the poor could purchase. European travelers frequently met in the slave shambles young ladies offered for sale to whom they had previously been introduced in the saloons of their wealthy parents, in the mansions of Scio. They had to endure the agony of seeing them dragged away by the brutal Turk, for the haughty Mohammedan would allow no "Christian dog" to rescue a captive. When the fleet returned to Constantinople, having perpetrated its fiendish mission, the whole city was assembled to witness its entrance into the Golden Horn. As the ships rounded a point of land which brought them in view of the royal seraglio, a salute was fired from ship and shore, whose echoes reverberated along the hills of Europe and of Asia. As the smoke cleared The sympathies of the people all over Christendom were with the Greeks. But the gov ernments, for various reasons, had declined to interfere. It was well understood that the Grecian insurrection was incited by Russia, as one of the incipient steps by which the Czar hoped to weaken Turkey, so as to enable him to advance his battalions to long-coveted Constantinople. Thus while the people, regardless of the complications of diplomacy, were in sympathy with the struggling Greeks, the governments both of England and France regarded the independence of Greece with apprehension, and secretly wished for the triumph of the Turk. But the shriek which arose from the massacre of Scio pierced the ear of Europe. Christian humanity could no longer endure such outrages. The wave of popular indignation swept so resist- | ly her own, and Turkey in Europe and Turkey lessly along that it surged even into parliament- in Asia to complete her full share. France is ary halls and regal courts. The combined fleet pushing her conquests over Northern Africa, and of England and France, almost by accident, en- with diplomatic skill which never sleeps is caresscountered the Turkish fleet in the bay of Nava- ing the provinces of Syria, and the weak and restrino. A spark fired the train, and a storm of less realms of Southern Europe. England, while war ensued of but two hours' continuance, dur- uttering her roar of defiance upon every ocean and ing which the Turkish fleet was annihilated. every continent, is taking possession of all the naBut no sooner was the deed performed than it tions who roam the plains of southern and internal was regretted. In a moment of generous pas- Asia. She removes her landmarks at her own sion England and France had crippled the en- pleasure, and in her graspings is more insatiate ergies of the Turk, and had thus facilitated the than was ever Rome under the Cæsars. advance of the armies of the Czar. United States, though embarrassed for the moment by her internal troubles, is not behind the other great powers in her ambition. With her Monroe doctrine she may perhaps be contented with the two continents of North and South America, provided that Cuba and her sisters of the Caribbean Sea, and some of the most valuable groups of the Pacific ocean, may be added to her share. The battle of Navarino secured the emancipation of Greece, and humbled the Turk as, for five hundred years, he had not been humbled before. Since that day the crescent has been rapidly on the wane. The battlements of Ottoman power are now every where dilapidated and crumbling. Turkey, so long the terror of Europe, can no longer stand alone. It now exists only by sufferance. As the eternal glaciers of the Alps press down into the vale of Chamouni with a power which nothing earthly can obstruct, so is gigantic Russia crowding down through the passes of the Balkan upon the plains of Turkey, and the doom of the turbaned Turk is sealed. Russia has her manifest destiny as well as the United States. The The jealousy of the leading nations in regard to their mutual encroachments is amusingly illustrated in an interview not long ago between Senator Douglas and the British embassador, Sir Henry Bulwer. England, who is every year adding boundless realms of Asia to her kingdom, watches with pious solicitude and zeal over Central America, lest the United States should seize There are four great nations who seem now some of those tropical acres. In the Claytondisposed to quarter the globe between them. Bulwer treaty an article was inserted by the Russia has already one-seventh of our habitable British Government, binding alike both England planet in her own possession. She needs but and America not to colonize, annex, or exercise Sweden and Norway, which are already virtual- any dominion over any portion of Central Amer ica. Sir Henry argued that the pledge was fair, as it was reciprocal, England asking no more than she was ready herself to grant. "To test your principle," said the shrewd Senator, "I would propose an amendment of simply two words. Let the article read, Neither England nor the United States will ever occupy or colonize any part of Central America or Asia." The British minister exclaimed, in surprise, "But you have no colonies in Asia!" "True," replied the United States Senator; "neither have you any colonies in Central America." "But," rejoined Sir Henry, "you can never establish your government over there in Asia." "No," Senator Douglas replied; "neither do we intend that you shall ever establish your government over here in Central America." It is so essential to the advancing civilization of Russia that she should have a maritime port which will give her access to commerce, that it is not easy for us to withhold our sympathy from her in her endeavor to open a gate-way to and from her vast territory through the Dardanelles. When England, France, and Turkey combined THE TITLE-DEED OF THE TURK. to batter down Sevastopol and burn the Russian fleet, that Russia might still be barred up in her northern wilds by Turkish forts, there was an instinct in the American heart which caused our sympathies to flow in favor of Russia, notwithstanding all the eloquent pleadings of the French and English press. When we recall to mind the march of the Turk across the Hellespont, the siege and the sack of Constantinople, the massacre of hundreds of thousands of Christians, the blazing cities, the shrieks of maidens, the despair of young men dragged into slavery-when we recall to mind what Moslem insolence has been for five hundred years-the barbarism with which the Turk has deformed the beautiful shores of the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles, the gloomy seraglio, the bloody cimeter, the annihilation of literature, science, and art, and the reign of a superstition marvelous in its powers of degradation and cruelty, we can not deeply regret the advances of a Christian power, gradually reclaiming that soil where apostles preached and where Christianity was once enthroned without a rival. Neither can the Russian Government be troubled with any formidable scruples of con science to prevent it from reclaiming that beautiful region, once the home of the Christian, which the Turk has so ruthlessly and bloodily invaded. What title-deed to the city of Constantine can the Turk show? The annals of war can tell no tale more deeply fraught with crime, outrage, and misery, than the rush of the barbaric Turk into Christian Greece. He came a merciless robber, with gory hands, burning, plundering, destroying. Fathers and mothers were butchered. Christian maidens were dragged shrieking to his harem. Christian boys were compelled to adopt the Moslem faith, and then were compelled to fight the Moslem battles. For centuries has the Christian thus been trampled beneath the heel of his oppressor, suffering every conceivable indignity. But whatever may be our desires, the doom of the Ottoman Porte is sealed. Mohammedan The purple waves of trembling haze- I I feel the soft winds fan my cheek, I hear them murmur through the rye; see the milky clouds that seek ism is dying, and the effects of the dead man | The warmth that fill'd the languid noonsmust be transferred to others. Russia, France, and England are the natural heirs, and it is to be expected that they will quarrel over the division of the immense property. France may perhaps be contented with the isles of the Mediterranean, Syria, and Egypt; England, with a loud roar against Russia and France for their wicked spirit of encroachment, will clutch at vast provinces in Asia; Russia will assuredly claim and secure her portion along the shores of the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles, annexing to her realms the imperial city of Constantine. The waning crescent will soon set, and the cross will rise, a glorious constellation, over the minarets of the seraglio. The carnage of Sevastopol has but postponed the day. The progress of the world is onward, and on The ward in the line of the Christian faith. Emperor Alexander II. is probably as conscientious a monarch as now sits upon a European throne. He was born to the inheritance he holds, and, notwithstanding the opposition of his nobles, he is doing every thing in his power to promote the liberty and the moral and intellectual elevation of all the people of his wide realms. There is life in Russia, and her growth adds to the industry, the commerce, and the wealth of the world. The lazy Turk, lounging upon the cushions of the seraglio, stupefied with tobacco and opium, knowing no joys but those of a mere animal existence, with a religion whose doctrines deaden the intellect and paralyze the energies, is worse than a drone in the human hive. The interests of humanity demand the termination of his sway. The Emperor Alexander is introducing the most salutary reforms throughout his realms. He has already emancipated twenty millions of enslaved serfs, notwithstanding the most desperate opposition of his nobles. He is rapidly introducing education, is removing trammels from the pulpit and the press, and is importing, through the majestic floods of the Dneiper, the Dneister, the Don, and the Cuban, the arts and improvements of more enlightened realms. It can hardly prove otherwise than a blessing to the world that the ancient sceptre of Constantine should pass from Mahmoud the Moslem to Alexander the Chris tian. I A SUMMER REMINISCENCE. The stile beside the spreading pine, The pleasant fields beyond the grove, The lawn where, underneath the vine, She sang the song I used to love. The path along the windy beach, I That leaves the shadowy linden-tree, Their shining arms to clasp the sea. view them all-I tread once more Oh happy hours of pure delight! Each morn and evening seem'd to kiss! And that whereon I saw her first, While angling in the noisy brook, As with the other, dimpled, white, She held the slender boughs aside; While through the leaves the yellow light Like golden water seem'd to glide, And broke in ripples on her neck, She standing rapt in sweet surprise. Her novel, as I raised my eyes, Dropped down amid the tall green fern. This day and that-the one so bright, His shrill loud drum through all the day; To-morrow, and the early light I miss the mingled odors sweet Of clover and of scented hay. No more I hear the smothered song From hedges guarded thick with thorn: The days grow brief, the nights are long, The light comes like a ghost at morn. I sit before my fire alone, And idly dream of all the past: I think of moments that are flown- Will shine upon her marriage morn. For when the mellow autumn flushed The thickets where the chestnut fell, Who sat with her below the pine, And with her through the meadow moved, "THE HOW THE DUTCH ARE TAKING HOLLAND. arate the main sea from the Hollow-land, which is somewhat lower in surface; and wherever that line of hills subsides, then the work of the dykebuilders continues the separation which the natural wall only half accomplished. Vast lines of earth - banks, from twenty to forty feet in height, and from twenty to a hundred feet in thickness, generally faced on the sea-side with massive walls of brick and stone, have been raked together and maintained at an incom HE Dutch have taken Holland," was the good old news often brought by voyaging friends in those good old times before telegraphs, and railroads, and ocean steamers provided, at all times and at all places, new news for the mind's consumption. "The Dutch have taken Holland" was a response so grotesquely true, that it half appeased the desire for an increased knowledge of the outer world which begat the question, "What's the news?" "The Dutch have taken Holland" never grew old in comic-parable cost of labor and watchfulness. Huge ality, never lost its semblance of truth, never called for a second query. Had the phrase been changed to that of The Dutch are taking Holland, it would have been emphatically a true one for the last thousand years, and likely to remain true for thousands of years to come. The Dutch are taking Holland, but it is by such slow and solemn degrees as the coral mite is building a mountain in the midst of the sea; by such quiet perseverance as the dripping stream is changing granite rocks to sea-side sand. The Dutch are taking Holland, and no other people on earth are provided by nature with that sturdy continuity which enables them to gather solid and fruitful earth, inch by inch, from a roaring, thundering, stormy, encroaching sea. No other people but the Dutch are just fitted by nature to pump, and rake, and shovel a fine productive country out of a cold, sour, reedy marsh. Along the greater length of the western coast a line of low sand-hills serves to partially sep dams have been swung across the mouths of riv- The |