to the Parliament.) Which laft he caused to be printed; to which, the Doctor made an anfwer, and Cartwright replied upon him; and then the Doctor having rejoined to his reply, (however Mr. Cartwright would not be fatisfied) he wrote no more, but left the Reader to be judge which had maintained their cause with moft charity and reafon. [And J. s. to pofterity he left fuch a learned and most useful book, as does abundantly establish the Reformation and Constitution of our Church, and vindicate it against all the cavils of the innovators.]

After fome years the Doctor being preferred to the See, firft of Worcester, and then of Canterbury, Mr. Cartwright, after his fhare of trouble and imprifonment (for fetting up new Prefbyteries in divers places, against the established order) having received from the Archbishop many perfonal favours, retired himself to a more private living, which was at Warwick, where he became Master of an Hofpital, and lived quietly, and grew rich; and where the Archbishop gave him a licence to preach, upon promife not to meddle with controverfies, but incline his hearers to piety and moderation: and this promise he kept during his life, which ended 1602, the Archbishop furviving him but one year, each ending his days in perfect charity with the other.

['Tis true, the Archbishop treated Cartwright with fuch a civility as gained much upon him, and made him declare unto his patron, the Earl of Leicefter, how much the Archbishop's humane carriage had endeared him to him; and withal fhewed his defire that he might have liberty fometimes to have access to him; profeffing that he would feek to perfuade all with whom he had concern and converfe, to keep up an union with the Church of England. This, I fay, is certain; but it is not fo certain, that the Archbishop gave Cartwright a licence to preach. It appears, that in the year 1585, he refused to grant it him, however folicited by Leicester's own letter to

J. S.

do

Leicester to

cerning Mr.

do it: and, notwithstanding Cartwright's promifes, he required more space of time to be fatisfied of his conformity. For the elucidation whereof, and fome further light into this matter, let both these letters be read and confidered; the former, of the Earl to the Archbishop; the latter, of the Archbishop to the Earl.

My Good Lord,

The Earl of "I MOST heartily thank you for your favourable the Archbi- and courteous ufage of Mr. Cartwright, who bath fo shop con- exceeding kindly taken it alfo, as, I affure your Grace, Cartwright. be cannot speak enough of it. I trust it shall do a great deal of good. And he protefteth and profeffeth to me, to take no other course, but to the drawing of all men to the unity of the Church: and that your Grace bath fo dealt with him, as no man shall so command him, and dispose of him, as you shall: and doth mean to let this opinion publickly be known, even in the pulpit; (if your Grace fo permit him) what he himself [will,] and would all others fhould do, for obedience to the laws established. And if any little fcruple be, it is not great, and eafy to be reformed by your Grace; whom I do moft heartily entreat to continue your favour and countenance towards kim, with fuch access fometimes as your leisure may permit. For I perceive he doth much defire and crave it, &c. Thus, my good Lord, praying to God to blefs bis Church, and to make his fervants conftant and faithful, I bid your Grace farewel.

"Your Grace's very affured Friend,

At the Court, this 14th

of July.

"ROB. LEICESTER."

To which letter the Archbishop returned this Answer.

"My

"My fingular good Lord,

bishop to

"MR. Cartwright fhall be welcome to me at all The Archtimes, and ufing himself quietly, as becomes him, and as the Earl I hope he will, be hall find me willing to do him any good; but to grant unto him, as yet, my licence to preach, without longer trial, I cannot; efpecially feeing he protefteth himself to be of the fame mind he was at the writing of his bock, for the matter thereof, though not for the manner; myself alfo, I thank God, not altered in any point by me fet down, to the contrary; and knowing many things [in his book] to be very dangerous. Wherefore, notwithstanding, I am content and ready to be at peace with him, fo long as he liveth peaceably; yet doth my confcience and duty forbid me to give unto him any further publick approbation, until I be better perfuaded of bis conformity. And fo being bold to use my accustomed plainnefs with your good Lordship, I commit you to the tuition of Almighty God; this 17th of July, 1585.]

And now after this long digreffion made for the information of my Reader concerning what follows, I bring him back to venerable Mr. Hooker, where we left him in the Temple, and were we shall find him as deeply engaged in a controverfy with Walter Travers, a friend and favourite of Mr. Cartwright's, as Dr. Whitgift had ever been with Mr. Cartwright himself, and of which, I fhall proceed to give this following account.

And first this; that though the pens of Mr. Cartwright and Dr. Whitgift were now at reft, and had been a great while, yet there was fprung up a new generation of reftlefs men, that by company and clamours became poffeft of a faith which they ought to have kept to themselves, but could not: men that were become pofitive in afferting, That a Papift cannot be faved: infomuch, that about this time, at the execution of the Queen of Scots, the Bishop that preached her funeral Sermon (which was Dr. How

land,

The Contr.

between

Travers.

land, then Bishop of Peterborough) was reviled for not being pofitive for her damnation. And befides this boldness of their becoming Gods, fo far as to fet limits to his mercies; there was not only Martin Mar-Prelate, but other venomous books daily printed and difperfed books that were fo abfurd and fourrilous, that the graver Divines difdained them an anfwer. And yet thefe were grown into high esteem with the common people, till Tom Nash appeared against them all, who was a man of a fharp wit, and the mafter of a fcoffing fatyrical merry pen, which he employed to difcover the abfurdities of thofe blind, malicious, fenfelefs Pamphlets, and Sermons as fenfelefs as they. Nafh's anfwers being like his books, which bore thefe titles, An Almond for Parrot; A Fig for my God-fon; Come crack me this Nut, and the like; fo that his merry wit made fuch a difcovery of their abfurdities, as (which is ftrange) he put a greater ftop to thefe malicious Pamphlets, than a much wifer man had been able.

And now the Reader is to take notice, that at the Hooker and death of Father Alvy, who was Mafter of the Temple, this Walter Travers was Lecturer there for the evening Sermons, which he preached with great approbation, efpecially of the younger gentlemen of that fociety; and for the moft part approved by Mr. Hooker himself, in the midft of their oppofitions. For he continued Lecturer a part of his time; Mr. Travers being indeed a man of competent learning, of winning behaviour, of a blameless life. But he had taken Orders by the Prefbyters in Antwerp, and if in any thing he was tranfported, it was in an extreme defire to fet up that government in this nation for the promoting of which he had a correfpondence with Theodore Beza at Geneva, and others in Scotland; and was one of the chiefeft affiftants to Mr. Cartwright in this defign.

Mr. Travers had alfo a particular hope to fet up this government in the Temple, and to that end,

used

used his endeavours to be Master of it; and his being difappointed by Mr. Hooker's admittance, proved fome occafion of his oppofition of Mr. Hooker's Sermons publickly in the pulpit. Many of which were concerning the doctrine, difcipline and ceremonies of this Church: and Mr. Hooker again publickly justified his doctrine against the other's exceptions. Infomuch, that as St. Paul withstood St. Peter to his face, fo did they. For as one hath pleafantly exprest it, The forenoon Sermons Speak Canterbury, and the afternoons, Geneva.

In thefe Sermons there was little of bitterness, but each party brought all the reafons he was able, to prove his adverfary's opinions erroneous. And thus it continued for a time, till the oppofitions became fo high, and the confequences fo dangerous, especially in that place, that the prudent Archbishop put a stop to Mr. Travers's preaching, by a positive prohibition; [and that chiefly because of his foreign Ordination.] Againft which Mr. Travers appealed and petitioned her Majesty and her Privy Council to have it recalled, where he met with many affifting powerful friends; but they were not able to prevail with or against the Archbishop, whom the Queen had intrusted with all Church-power; and he had received so fair a teftimony of Mr. Hooker's principles and of his learning and moderation, that he withstood all folicitations. But the denying this petition of Mr. Travers was unpleasant to divers of his party, and the reasonablenefs of it became at laft to be fo magnified by them and many others, as never to be answered so that intending the Bishop's and Mr. Hooker's difgrace, they procured it to be privately printed and scattered abroad; and then Mr. Hooker was forced to appear as públickly, and print an anfwer to it, which he did, and dedicated it to the Archbishop; and it proved fo full an anfwer, to have in it fo much of clear reason, and writ with fo much meekness and majefty of ftile, that the Bishop began

to