GENERAL LITERARY SURVEYS Boynton, P. Holmes. London in English Literature. Chicago, 1888. Chambers's Cyclopaedia of English Literature. Vol. III. 1903. Francillon, R. E. Mid-Victorian memories. [1914.] Kellner, Leon. Die englische Literatur im Zeitalter der Königin Victoria. Leipzig, 1909. McCarthy, Justin. A History of Our Own Times. 4 vols. 1882. Makover, S. V. and Blackwell, B. H. A Book of English Essays, 1600-1900. Oxford, 1912. Mason, E. T. Personal Traits of British Authors. 4 vols. 1885. Minto, W. The Literature of the Georgian Era. 1894. Moulton, R. G. The Modern Study of Literature. Chicago and Cambridge, 1916. Nicoll, Sir W. R. and Wise, T. J. Literary Anecdotes of the Nineteenth Century. 2 vols. 1896. Saintsbury, George. Specimens of English Prose Style from Malory to Macaulay. Essays in English Literature, 1780-1860. 1890. 2nd series. 1895. A History of Nineteenth Century Literature, 1780-1895. 1896. A Short History of English Literature. 1896. A History of Criticism and Literary Taste in Europe from the earliest texts to the present day. 3 vols. 1900-4. The Later Nineteenth Century. Periods of European Literature. Vol. XII. 1907. A History of English Prose Rhythm. 1912. Sampson, George. Nineteenth Century Essays. Ed. with introduction and notes. Cambridge, 1912. Suddard, S. J. Mary. Essais de Littérature anglaise. Cambridge, 1912. Treble, H. R. Anthology of English Prose: Narrative, Descriptive, and Dramatic. Oxford, 1916. Walker, Hugh. Selected English Short Stories. (Nineteenth Century.) With introduction. (World's Classics.) Oxford, [1914]. The Literature of the Victorian Era. Cambridge, 1910. The English Essay and Essayists. The Channels of English Literature. 1915. Walker, Mrs. Hugh. A Book of Victorian Prose and Poetry. Cambridge, 1915. G. A. B. CHAPTER IV THE GROWTH OF JOURNALISM A. NEWSPAPERS (1) Established before 1801 and continued into the nineteenth century (a) London. (All dailies, unless marked otherwise.) Country Sport and Messenger of Agriculture, established as Bell's Weekly Messenger, 1796 (weekly); London Gazette, The, 1665 (irregular); Mail, The, 1789 (thrice weekly); Morning Advertiser, The, 1794; Morning Chronicle, The, 1769; Morning Herald, The, 1780; Morning Post, The, 1772; Obser ver, The, 1791 (Sundays only); Public Ledger, The, 1759; Sun, The, 1792; Times, The, 1788. (b) Other parts of England. (All weeklies, with occasional bi-weekly issues, if not marked otherwise.) Bath Chronicle, The, 1757; Bath Herald, The, 1792; Bath Journal, The (Keene's), 1742; Birmingham Gazette, The (Aris's), 1741; Bristol Mercury, The, 1790; Bristol Mirror, The, 1774; Bury Post, The, 1782; Cambridge Chronicle, The, 1744; Carlisle Journal, The, 1798 (twice weekly); Chelmsford (now Essex County) Chronicle, The, 1764; Chester Chronicle, The, 1775; Chester Courant, The, 1730; Coventry Standard, The, 1741; Cumberland Pacquet and Ware's Whitehaven Advertiser, The, 1774; Derby Mercury, The, 1732; Doncaster Gazette, The, 1786; Essex County Chronicle, The, 1764; Essex Herald, The, 1800; Exeter Flying Post, The, 1763; Exeter and Plymouth Gazette, The, 1772; Gloucester Journal, The, 1722; Hampshire Chronicle, The, 1772 (Winchester); Hampshire Telegraph, The, 1799 (Portsmouth); Hereford Journal, The, 1713; Hertford County Herald, The, 1792; Hull Packet, The, 1787; Ipswich Journal, The, 1735; Kendal Mercury, The, 1735; Kentish and Canterbury Chronicle, The, 1768; Kentish Gazette and Canterbury Press, The, 1717; Kent Herald, The, 1792; Leeds Intelligencer, The, afterwards The Yorkshire Post, 1754 (now daily); Leeds Mercury, The, 1718 (now daily); Leicester Journal, The, 1753; Lincoln, Rutland and Stamford Mercury, The, 1695 (Stamford); Maidstone and Kentish Journal, The, 1786; Manchester Chronicle, The, 1781-1842; Manchester Mercury, The (Harrop's), 1752-1830; Newcastle Courant, The, 1711 (Newcastle-on-Tyne); Newcastle (now Daily) Chronicle, The, 1764; Northampton Mercury, The, 1720; Norfolk Chronicle, The, 1761 (Norwich); Norwich Mercury, The, 1714; Nottingham Journal, The, 1710 (now Weekly Express); Oxford Journal, The, 1753; Reading Mercury and Berks County Paper, The, 1723; Salisbury and Winchester Journal, The, 1729; Sheffield Iris, The, 1787; Shrewsbury Chronicle, The, 1772; Staffordshire Advertiser, The, 1795; Sussex Advertiser, The, 1745 (Lewes); Western Gazette and Flying Post, The, 1737 (Yeovil); Wolverhampton Chronicle, The, 1789; Worcester Herald, The, 1794; Worcester Journal (Berrow's), The, 1690; York Courant, The, 1700; afterwards The York Herald, 1790 (now Yorkshire Herald, daily since 1874); Yorkshire Chronicle, The (1772); Yorkshire Gazette, The (1772). (c) Scotland. Aberdeen Journal, The, 1748; Edinburgh Gazette, The, 1690 (twice weekly); Glasgow Herald, The, 1783; Glasgow Journal, The, 1713. (d) Ireland. Belfast News-Letter, The, 1737; Derry Journal, The, 1772 (Londonderry); Dublin Gazette, The, 1711; Freeman's Journal, The, 1763 (Dublin); Leinster Journal (now Kilkenny Journal), The, 1767; Limerick Chronicle, The, 1766; Waterford Chronicle and New Ross Reporter, The, 1766. (2) First issued since 1801. (All dailies, unless marked otherwise.) (a) London. Athenaeum, The, 1828 (weekly, monthly since 1915); Agricultural Gazette, The, 1844 (weekly); Architect, The, 1868 (weekly); Army and Navy Gazette, The, 1860 (weekly); Baptist Times and Freeman, The, 1853 (weekly); British Congregationalist, The, 1901 (weekly); British Medical Journal, The, 1857 (weekly); British Weekly, The, 1886 (weekly); Builder, The, 1842 (weekly); Building News, The, 1854 (weekly); Chemical News, The, 1859 (weekly); Christian World, The, 1857 (weekly); Church Times, The, 1863 (weekly); Colliery Guardian, The, 1860 (weekly); Contract Journal, The, 1879 (weekly); Country Life, 1897 (weekly); Daily Chronicle, The, 1855; Daily Express, The, 1900; Daily Graphic, The, 1890; Daily Mail, The, 1896; Daily News, The, 1846; Daily Telegraph, The, 1855; Echo, The, 1868-1905 (first halfpenny paper in London); Economist, The, 1843 (weekly); Electrician, The, 1861 (weekly); Engineer, The, 1856 (weekly); Engineering, 1866 (weekly); Era, The, 1837 (weekly); Evening News, The, 1881; Examiner, The, 1808 (weekly); Field, The, 1853 (weekly); Gardeners' Chronicle, The, 1841 (weekly); Gas Journal, The, 1849 (weekly); Gentlewoman, The, 1890 (weekly); Globe, The, 1803; Graphic, The, 1869 (weekly); Grocer, The, 1861 (weekly); Guardian, The, 1846 (weekly); Illustrated London News, The, 1842 (weekly); Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, The, 1874 (weekly); Inquirer, The, 1842 (weekly); Investors' Guardian, The, 1863 (weekly); Jewish Chronicle, The, 1841 (weekly); Lady, The, 1885 (weekly); Lancet, The, 1823 (weekly); Law Times, The, 1843 (weekly); Literary Gazette, The, 1817-62 (weekly); Lloyd's Weekly News, 1842 (weekly); Local Government Chronicle, The, 1855 (weekly); London Review, The, 1860-9 (weekly); Methodist Recorder, The, 1861 (weekly); Mining Journal, The, 1835 (weekly); Money Market Review, The, 1860 (weekly); Nation, The (called, at first, The Speaker), 1890 (weekly); Nature, 1869 (weekly); Notes and Queries, 1849 (weekly); Outlook, The, 1898 (weekly); Pall Mall Gazette, The, 1865; Pharmaceutical Journal, The, 1841 (weekly); Pilot, The, 1900-4 (weekly); Primitive Methodist Leader, The, 1868 (weekly); Publishers' Circular, The, 1837 (weekly); Punch, 1841 (weekly); Queen, The, 1861 (weekly); Record, The, 1828 (weekly); Reynolds's Weekly Newspaper, 1850 (weekly); St. James's Gazette, 1880-1905; Saturday Review, The, 1855 (weekly); Schoolmaster, The, 1872 (weekly); Solicitors' Journal, The, 1857 (weekly); Spectator, The, 1828 (weekly); Sporting Life, 1859; Sporting Times, The, 1865; Sportsman, The, 1865; Stage, The, 1880 (weekly); Standard, The, 1857-1916; Standard, The Evening, 1827; Star, The, 1888; Statist, The, 1878 (weekly); Sunday Times, 1822 (weekly); Tablet, The, 1840 (weekly); Tribune, The, 1906-8; Truth, 1877 (weekly); Weekly Dispatch, 1801 (weekly); Westminster Gazette, The, 1893; World, The, 1874 (weekly). (b) Other parts of England. Birmingham Post, The, 1857; Bolton Evening News, The, 1867; Bradford (now Yorkshire) Observer, The, 1834; Bradford Daily Argus, The, 1892; Bradford Daily Telegraph, The, 1868; Brighton Argus, The, 1880; Bristol Times and Mirror, The, 1865; Dundee Advertiser, The, 1801; Journal of Commerce, The, 1826 (Liverpool); Lancashire Daily Post, The, 1886; Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury, The, 1855; Liverpool Echo, The, 1879; Manchester Courier, The, 1825-1915; Manchester Evening News, 1868; Manchester Examiner and Times, The, 1846-94; Manchester Guardian, The, 1821; Newcastle Daily Journal, The, 1832; Northern Echo, The, 1869 (Darlington); Nottingham Daily Express, The, 1860; Nottingham Guardian, 1861; Preston Guardian, The, 1844; Royal Cornwall Gazette, The, 1801 (Truro); Scarborough Daily Post, The, 1876; Scarborough Evening News, The, 1882; Scarborough Mercury, The, 1855 (weekly); Sheffield (now Daily) Independ ent, The, 1819; Sheffield Daily Telegraph, The, 1855; Shields Daily Gazette and Shipping Telegraph, The, 1849; Sunderland Daily Echo, 1873; Warwick and Warwickshire Advertiser, The, 1806 (weekly); Western Daily Mercury, The, 1860 (Plymouth); Western Daily Press, The, 1858; Western Morning News, The, 1860 (Plymouth); Yorkshire Evening News, The, 1872 (Leeds); Yorkshire Evening Post, The, 1890 (Leeds). (c) Scotland. Aberdeen Free Press, The, 1853; Dundee Advertiser, The, 1801; Inverness (d) Ireland. Cork Examiner, The, 1840; Irish Times, The, 1859 (Dublin); Northern Whig, B. HISTORY OF BRITISH JOURNALISM AND THE BRITISH PRESS For a full bibliography of the subject, see Peet, Hubert W., A Bibliography of Journalism rptd. from the 1915 edn. of Sell's World's Press. See, also, Courtney, W. P., A register of National Bibliography, vol. II, under Periodicals [1905]. (1) History of British Journalism and the British Journals Andrews, Alexander. The history of British journalism, from the foundation of the Newspaper press in England, to the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1855. 2 vols. 1859. Athenaeum, The. See under Francis, John C. For the Dilkes (Charles Wentworth, 1789-1864, and Sir Charles Wentworth, 1810-1869), see D. of N. B. Bonwick, James. Early Struggles of the Australian Press. 1890. Borsa, Mario. Il giornalismo Inglese. Milano, 1910. Bourne, H. R. Fox. English Newspapers. 2 vols. 1887. Glasgow Herald, The Centenary of The. 27 January, 1882. Grant, James. The Newspaper press: its origin, progress and present condition. 3 vols. 1871-2. The Saturday Review: its origin and progress. 1873. Hatton, J. Journalistic London. 1882. Hunt, F. Knight. The fourth estate. 2 vols. 1850. Hunt, William. Hull Newspapers. Hull, 1880. Jackson, Mason. The Pictorial Press, its origin and progress. 1885. James, R. A. Scott. The influence of the Press. 1913. Lorenz, Theodor. Die englische Presse. Halle, 1907. McCarthy, Justin, and Robinson, Sir John R. The Daily News Jubilee. 1896. Morley, J. Cooper. The Newspaper press and periodical literature of Liver- Murray, E. C. G. The Press and the Public Service. 1857. Noble, John. Bibliography of Inverness newspapers and periodicals. Stirling. " Opdycke, J. B. News, Ads and Sales. Paterson, Alexander. Yorkshire Journalism past and present. Barnsley, 1901. Pebody, Charles. English Journalism and the men who have made it. 1882. Pen, Patron and Public, a Critical Survey. 1907. (Anon.) Pendelton, John. Newspaper Reporting in olden times and to-day. 1890. Pollitt, C. De Quincey's editorship of the Westmorland Gazette, with selections from his work on that Journal from July, 1818, to November, 1819. Kendal, 1890. Porritt, Edward. The Englishman at Home. 1894 (Chapter 13 deals fully with the relations of the Government to the Press). Progress of British Newspapers in the nineteenth century. 1901. Ralph, Julian. The Making of a Journalist. 1903. Rollington, Ralph. A Brief History of Boys' Journals. Leicester [1913]. [Valuable for bibliographical details.] Scotsman, The story of The. Privately printed. 1886. Shepherdson, William. Reminiscences in the Career of a Newspaper (The Sheffield Daily Telegraph). 1876. Spielmann, J. H. The History of Punch. 1895. Staffordshire Advertiser, Centenary history of The. Stafford, 1895. Symon, J. D. The Press and its Story. 1914. Wellsman, W. The Local Press of London. Yeo, H. Newspaper management. Manchester, 1891. Directories Mitchell, C. Newspaper Press Directory. 1846. (In progress.) Penrose's Pictorial Annual. The process year book. Edited by Gamble, William. 1898. (In progress.) Printer's Year Book and Diary, 1900. (In progress.) Printing Trades' Diary, 1885. (In progress.) Printing World. 1891. (In progress.) Sell, Henry. The World's Press. (In progress.) Whitaker, Joseph (1820-1895), founder of The Bookseller (1858), of Whitaker's Almanack (1868) and of The Reference Catalogue. See The Bookseller 6 February and 8 June, 1895. (2) Lives of Journalists, and of Editors and Publishers of Journals Adams, W. E. Memoirs of a Social Atom. 2 vols. 1903. 1912. Alec-Tweedie, Mrs. Thirteen years of a busy Woman's Life. Annand, James. Hodgson, George B. From Smithy to Senate: the life story of James Annand, Journalist and Politician. 1908. Appleton, Charles Edward Cutts Birch (1841-1879), founder of The Academy. See Appleton, J. H. and Sayce, A. H., Dr. Appleton: his Life and Literary Relics, 1881. Arnold, W. T. Ward, Mrs. Humphry, and Montague, C. E. William Thomas Arnold, Journalist and Historian. March, 1907. Baines, Edward (1774-1848), proprietor of The Leeds Mercury. Life. 1851. See, also, The Leeds Mercury, 5 and 12 August, 1848. Bell, Robert (1800-1867). Editor of The Atlas for many years and of miscellaneous works (notably The English Poets, 24 vols., 1854-7). See D. of N. B. Blowitz, Henry Stephen de. My Memoirs. 1903. Bohemian Days in Fleet Street. By a Journalist. 1913. |