already to 60,000 francs. M. Neophytos Doucas, a learned Greek ecclesiastic, has contributed himself the sum of 10,000 francs.

The reigning prince of Wallachia, Alexander Soutzos, who is a Greek by birth, desirous of distinguishing his patriotism by actions, and especially by promoting of letters and civilization, has determined to send to the most eminent schools of Europe several young Greeks, who may there finish their studies at his expence, and then return home to give their native country the advantage of the knowledge they have acquired. A plan is also in forwardness for the establishment of a grand college at Adrianople. It has been patronized with zeal by Baron George Sakellarios, one of the richest Greek merchants settled in the dominions of the Emperor of Austria. The Baron is a native of Adrianople, and having opened the list by a liberal subscription, he has excited the emulation of his compatriots, to whom he has written in strong terms on the subject. The Archbishop of Adrianople, M. Proios, native of Chios, a man of great learning, and who long resided at Paris, has employed all his patriotic eloquence in behalf of this college; and a person unknown has bequeathed a landed estate valued at 1000l. By such means, in the first instance, the Greeks are endeavouring to deliver themselves from that state of degradation in which they have been so long enthralled.

TURKEY.-For some time there has been printing at Constantinople, in the patriarchal press, a grand Dictionary of the Greek language, ancient and modern, the first volume of which has already appeared. It will consist of more than six large volumes in folio. All the Archbishops and many of the Archons of the Phanal, &c. are sub

scribers.

RUSSIA. A collection of nearly 500

Persian, Arabic, and Turkish MSS. was added at once to the treasures already possessed by the Asiatic Museum of the Petersburgh Academy. They were collected in Syria, Mesopotamia, and Persia, by a person ver. sed in those languages, namely, M. Rousseau, formerly the consul-general of France at Aleppo, and since at Bagdad, and taken to France, where they were immediately purchased for Russia before any competition arose from other countries. The Asiatic Museum, which was already distinguished by its fine collection of Chinese, Japanese, Mantchou, Mongol, Kalmuck, and Tungusian writings, as well as of Oriental coins and antiquities, had, by this sudden and great addition of Mussulman MSS., gained in utility as much as it has acquired in higher rank among similar collections in foreign countries.

The periodical publications under the patronage and sanction of the Russian government were as follows: 1. The Petersburgh Journal, published by the Academy of Sciences, in the Russian and German languages, is one of the oldest journals in Russia. Moscow Journal, published by the University. 3. The Casan Journal, compiled by the professors of the University; and similar journals are published at Riga, Wilna, Charkow, Astrakan, and at other chief cities. There are also, Le Conservateur Imperial, printed in French, under the direction of the minister for foreign affairs; the Journal of the Senate, in Russian and German; the Northern Post, or New Petersburgh Journal, by the ministry for the home department: it comprises news, economy, technology, manufactures, and commerce. The Russian Invalid, or Military Journal, is intrusted to a committee, and appears daily, containing the Emperor's orders of the day, military promotions, with intelligence, as

THE Regent's Canal, opened for business on the 1st of August, 1820, commences at Paddington, where it joins that branch of the Grand Junction which is called the Paddington Canal, and thus communicates with all the navigable rivers, &c. in England. From this point it proceeds in a N. E. direction, and passes, by means of a tunnel of 372 yards, under Maida-hill; then round the Regent's Park, through Camden-town (where it takes an easterly course) and Somers' town, near which it enters a second tunnel of 970 yards, and penetrates Islington-hill, burrowing below the bed of the New River. It emerges again near Bricklane, and continues nearly in the same direction through the parishes of St Leonard, Shoreditch, and St John's, Hackney, traversing in these districts the King's-land and Hackney-roads, and Cambridge-heath. Then entering the parish of Bethnal-green, it bends to the south, passing through the fields adjoining Mile-end and Stepney; and crossing both the latter places, as also the Commercial-road, it opens into a spacious dock formed at Limehouse, which completes the navigation by a direct communication with the Thames. The line of canal is nine miles, running chiefly west to east, over which are thrown thirty-six substantial brick bridges; and it descends eighty-six feet to the river by means of twelve double locks, besides a tide lock. Its average breadth is fortyeight feet, and the towing-path is twelve feet, which together occupy about eighty acres of ground; independently of the dock of six acres at Limehouse, and the City road basin.

The latter is a capital work, 100 feet wide, 1600 feet long, and with its commodious wharfs covers twenty-five acres. The tunnel, of more than half a mile in length, which carries the canal under a part of the town of Islington, and also beneath the New River, is seventeen feet and a half in width, and nineteen and a half in height. Of the latter space, seven feet and a half are the depth of the water, and eleven feet and a half remain between the surface of the canal and the roof of the tunnel. It is passed, without any aid from towing-lines or poles, in from fifteen to seventeen minutes, and is well worth the notice of those whose laudable curiosity and desire of knowledge have never been gratified by an opportunity of seeing so striking a proof of the powers with which science has invested the civil engineer. The Regent's Canal is one of the works for which the public are indebted to Mr Nash, by whom it was originally projected, and under whose direction it has been carried on-through a multitude of difficulties which could have been surmounted only by great ability, activity, and perseverance to its final completion. It was begun in 1813, and opened on the 1st of August last. The expence, which amounts to about 600,000l., has been exceedingly swelled by the extravagant price at which the land required has been obliged to be purchased, and by many actions which the company of subscribers were called upon during the progress of the work to defend. The average charge, as an example, for conveying manure by this canal, is tenpence per ton; gravel, chalk, lime,

bricks, and iron, about one shilling; coals, lead, and copper, sixpence. To the inhabitants, therefore, of Hampstead, Kentish Town, Highgate, Hornsey, Tottenham, Hackney, &c. and also of the parishes of Mary-lebone and Paddington, this mode of communication with the Thames must prove highly beneficial.

New Improvements east of CarltonHouse.-All the arrangements are at last formed for the architectural improvements east of Pall-Mall; and in the spring the workmen will begin pulling down the old buildings, commencing with Waterloo House. The other premises to Suffolk street, including the west side of that street to Little Suffolk street, and the south side of the latter, are also to be removed; and a few of the houses in HayMarket, opposite the Opera-house, are to be re-built; Cockspur street, from the east side of Suffolk street to Whitcomb street, is to be widened by the reduction of the frontage of the houses No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Whitcomb street will be no longer a thoroughfare; a high brick wall is to be erected nearly opposite the Mews-gate. The outlet for carriages will be from Little Suffolk street.

The interesting ceremony of laying the foundation stone of a literary and philosophical institution at Bristol, lately took place, which was attended by numerous persons of the first consideration in the city. The building will contain a spacious lecture room, with a laboratory adjoining; a room of noble dimensions destined for a library; one for an exhibition room, another for a museum; a reading room for magazines, reviews, pamphlets, &c. A new line of communication connecting the Gloucester and Berkeley canal with the Thames, and Severn, and Stroudwater canals, was lately opened. A site has been fixed upon for the erection of the Fitzwilliam Museum

at Cambridge; but the probable expence of completing it, requiring a sum little short of twenty thousand pounds more than the Fitzwilliam fund is competent to defray, an application is to be made to the University, to contribute the sum necessary for its completion.

Nearly 4000l. has been subscribed towards a new Observatory at Cambridge.

The first stone of a free National School at Pancras, under the patronage of the Duke of Sussex, and presidency of the Duke of Bedford, was laid on the 7th August; it is to contain 400 boys.

An iron bridge, in one span, was lately opened over the river Chalmer, at Springfield, in the great east road leading to Colchester, Harwich, &c. This is the most classically elegant iron bridge ever erected in this kingdom. It is of a superb Gothic order, and is highly creditable to the taste and ability of Mr Dodd, the engineer, in making it a flat bridge, similar to his design of the Waterloo: it being on the principle of tenacity, it has room and play for the expansion and contraction of the iron, created by the change of heat and cold.

A handsome building at Newport, called the Isle of Wight Institution, has just been completed, and the Philosophical Society of that place have removed thither, and have commenced their winter course of lectures. Several of its enlightened members have taken different districts of the island, for the purpose of more thoroughly investigating its geology and botany during the last summer, and some very interesting papers are expected in the course of the session.

A most admirable institution is about to be established in the county of Lancaster for the reform of discharged criminals. The design has been taken up with spirit by the wealth and rank

of the county; and it is under the sanc tion of the collective magistracy-the Lord Lieutenant of the county is patron. The philanthropic bishop of the diocese is also active in the formation of the laudable undertaking. The purposes of the institution are thus announced in their prospectus:-" To provide a temporary asylum for persons of both sexes, liberated from penal confinement in the several jails and houses of correction belonging to the county palatine of Lancaster; to furnish them with the means of religious instruction; to habituate them to a system of moral and Christian restraint; to employ them in various trades of profitable labour, qualifying them, during their residence in the refuge, for the future exercises of some honest, industrious, and reputable calling; by mild restraints and reasonable motives to reform the character to the voluntary exercise of self-government, and to habits of practical virtue; and when, at length, such progress in amendment is made as to justify a readmission to the free intercourse of society, then to furnish recommendations, (which, it is hoped, the merci. ful part of mankind may receive) or to secure for them, by other means, such situations in life as may be suited to their condition and acquirements."

A new market is about to be erected at Liverpool, which will be the completest thing of the kind in Eng land. It is to be covered all over, and will be in length five hundred feet, and

in breadth three hundred feet, with a handsome elevation in front. The estimated expence of this work exceeds 30,000l.

The counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland are now joined by a handsome new cast-iron bridge, erected at the expence of the Earl of Lonsdale.

Two new churches are about to be erected at Wakefield; and the foundation of a new church was on the 5th of June laid at Harwich.

On the 27th October the foundation stone of the Jail, for the royal burgh of Jedburgh, and Bridewell for the county of Roxburgh, was laid on the Castle-hill of Jedburgh, with great solemnity, by William Hope, Esq. of Hope House, Provost of the Burgh, and Acting-Master of the Lodge of St John of Jedburgh, assisted by the Master of St Andrew's Lodge, the Brethren of both Lodges, and by numerous and highly respectable depu tations from Lodges of the district, with the Committee of Commissioners of Supply for building the jail, and the Magistrates of Jedburgh.

The Edinburgh College Museum promises to be one of the most valuable and splendid in Europe. The clas sical zoological cabinet of Dufresni of Paris, has been purchased by the College. The sale of Bullock's Museum, London, was attended by a gentleman on the part of the University, and he is understood to have made purchases to a considerable amount.