Constantine, king of the Scots, allies
himself with Eadward, 63
Constantine the Great becomes sole
Emperor, 22; acknowledges Chris-
tianity as the religion of the Empire, 23
Constantinople taken by the Turks, 366
Constantius, the Emperor, 22
Constitutions of Clarendon, 144; re-
nounced by Henry II., 153
Continental system, the, 859; failure of,
868

Conventicle Act, the, 588

Convention Parliament, the first, 577;
the second, 646; the dissolution of the
second, 656

Convocation of the province of Canter-
bury offers money for a pardon, 385:
agrees to the submission of the clergy,
386

Convocations of the clergy vote money,

219

Conway, Edward I. builds a castle at,

210

Coote, Colonel (afterwards Sir Eyre),

wins a victory at Wandewash, 764;
defeats Hyder Ali at Porto Novo, 805
Cope, Sir John, defeated at Preston
Pans, 749

Copenhagen, battle of, 845; bombard-
ment of, 860

Corinium (Cirencester), West Saxon
conquest of, 35

Cornish, the, derivation of the old lan-
guage of, 7; submit to Ecgberht, 55.
Corn-law, the, passing of, 875; modifi-
cation of, 926

Cornwall, insurrection in, 415
Cornwallis, Lord, drives Washington
out of New Jersey, 784; defeats Yates
at Camden, 788; routs Green at
Guilford, 792; surrenders at York-
town, 794; Governor-General of India,
811; defeats Tippoo, 837; Lord-Lieu-
tenant of Ireland, 841

CRO

Corporation Act, the, 585; repeal of, 895
Corporations, remodelling of the, 625
Corunna, battle of, 864

Cotentin, the, sold to Henry, 119
Cotton-famine, the, 959

Cotton-spinning, improvements in, 815
Council of State, the, appointment of,

561

County courts derived from the shire-
moots, 141

Courtenay, Bishop of London, supported
by the citizens against Lancaster, 263
Covenant, the Scottish National, 525, see
Solemn League and Covenant
Covenanters, the rise of, 619; insurrec
tion of, 620

Coverdale translates the New Testa-
ment, 396

Cowper, Lord, becomes Chancellor, 68-
Craggs, Postmaster-General, poisons
himself, 712

Craggs, Secretary of State, death of, 712
Cranfield, see Middlesex, Earl of
Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury,
pronounces Catharine's marriage to
be null, 389; is forced to dismiss his
wife, 400: composes the English
litany, 409; character and position of,
413 wishes to preserve the revenue
of the chantries for the poor clergy,
415 tries to find common ground with
the Zwinglian reformers, 416; leaves
his mark on the Prayer Book, 418;
supports Lady Jane Grey, 420; burnt,
426

Crecy, battle of, 241, 242
Crêpy, peace of, 406

Cressingham, Sir Hugh, governs Scot-
land in the name of Edward I., 219
Crimean War, the, origin of, 943; course
of, 944-8

Crompton, invents the mule' for spin-
ning, 815

Cromwell, Oliver, practical sagacity
of, 539; introduces discipline in the
Eastern Association, 540: defeats the
royalists at Winceby, 542; fights at
Marston Moor, 543: advocates tolera-
tion, ib.; accuses Manchester, 544;
becomes Lieutenant-General of the
New Model Army, 545; cuts off the
king's supplies, 547; wins the victory
at Naseby, 548; reduces Winchester
and Basing House, 549: proposes to
leave England, 554 gives instructions
to Cornet Joyce, 555 attempts to
come to an understanding with Charles
ib.; puts down a mutiny in the army,
556; suppresses a rising in Wales and
defeats the Scots at Preston, 557: sup-
presses the Levellers, 562; his cam-
paign in Ireland, ib.; his victory at
Dunbar, 563: his victory at Worces-
ter, 564 dissolves the Long Parlia
ment, 566; opens the Barebone's Par-
liament, 567; becomes Protector, 568;
plots against, 569; ecclesiastical ar-
rangements of, ib.; convenes and dis-

CRO

solves his first Parliament, 570: esta-
blishes major-generals, ib.; foreign
policy of, 571; calls a second Parlia
ment, 572; joins France against Spain,
ib.; dissolves his second Parliament,
573; makes war against Spain, ib.;
death of, 574

Cromwell, Richard, succeeds to the
Protectorate, 574; abdicates, 575
Cromwell, Thomas, advises Henry VIII.
to rely on the House of Commons, 385:
becomes the king's secretary, and vicar-
general, 393; attacks the monks of the
Charterhouse, ib. ; inquires into the
state of the monasteries, 394; attacks
the greater monasteries, 397; execu-
tion of, 401

Cropredy Bridge, battle of, 544
Crown, the, see King

Crown Point taken by Amherst, 753
Crusade, the first, 120; the second, 157:
the third, 161; against the Albigeois,
193; the seventh, 204
Cuba, reduction of, 766

Cumberland, origin of the name of, 37;

annexed by William II., 119; left to
David I., 133; regained by Henry II.,

140

Cumberland, Duke of, heads the British
column at Fontenoy, 739; sent against
the Young Pretender, 741; defeats
him at Culloden, 742; his cruelty to
the Highlanders, ib.; being defeated
at Hastenbeck, signs the Convention
of Closterseven, 752
Cunedda, extensive rule of, 37
Cunobelin, government of, 12
Curia Regis, the, organised under
Henry I., 127; strengthened by Henry
II., 141; powers assigned by the Con-
stitutions of Clarendon to, 145; orders
the appointment of recognitors, 147;
divided into three courts, 212

Customs on imports and exports under
Edward I., 211, 221

Cutha, 35

Cymbeline, original of Shakespeare's, 12
Cynric captures Sorbiodunum, 34
Cyprus ceded to England, 970

Lord

DES

with the English, 64; relations of
Dunstan with, 67; reappear as in-
vaders, 79; conquer England, 81-83;
settle in Ireland, 152

Darc, Jeanne, delivers Orleans, 310;
conducts Charles VII. to Rheims, 311;
martyrdom of, 312,

Darien expedition, the, 671

Darnley, Henry Stuart, Lord, marries
Mary, 438; murder of, 439

Darvel Gathern, burning of the wooden
figure of, 198

Darwin, his Origin of Species, 940
David I., king of the Scots, invades
England, 131

David II. (Bruce), king of Scotland, 232;
takes refuge with Philip VI., 234;
restoration of, 240; taken prisoner at
Nevill's Cross, 242; restored by Ed-
ward III., 252

David, brother of Llewelyn, executed,

140

David, Earl of Huntingdon, 215
David, St., piety of, 42

Davison sends the warrant for Mary's
execution, 457; dismissal of, 458
De Grasse, Admiral, blockades York-
town, 794; defeated by Rodney, 795
Declaration of Breda, see Breda, Decla-
ration of

Declaration of Independence, the Ame-
rican, 784

Declaration of Indulgence issued by
604; withdrawn by
Charles II.,

Charles II., 606; issued by James II.,
640; reissued, 642

Declaration of Rights, the, 647

Declaration of Sports, the, ordered to be
read in churches, 517
Decorated style, the, 247

Defender of the Faith, title of, 379
Degsastan, Ethelfrith's victory at, 42
Deira, formation of the kingdom of, 36;
is merged for a time in North-humber.
land, 41; accepts Christianity, 46; is
finally merged in North-humberland,
48; Danish kingdom of, 62, 63
Delhi, siege of, 953: recovery of, 954
Denain, battle of, 696

Deorham, battle of, 35

Derby, arrival of the Highlanders at,

740

Derby, Earl of (son of John of Gaunt),
opposes Richard II., 279; defeats the
Duke of Ireland, 280; becomes Duke
of Hereford, and is banished, 283; suc-
ceeds to the Duchy of Lancaster, 284;
and forces Richard II. to abdicate,
285; see Henry IV.

Derby, Earl of, becomes Prime Minis-
ter, 938; resignation of, 939; Prime
Minister for the second time, 956;
Prime Minister for the third time,
961; resignation of, 962

Dermot invites Strongbow to Ireland, 152
Derwentwater, Earl of, beheaded, 705
Desmond, Gerald Fitzgerald, Earl of,
insurrection and death of, 453

DES

Despensers, the, 228, 229

Deva, Roman colony of, 14, 19
Devizes, surrender of the castle of, 134
Devolution, the war of, 593
Devonshire, insurrection in, 415
Devonshire, Duke of, becomes First
Lord of the Treasury in succession to
Newcastle, 749.

Devonshire, William Cavendish, Earl
of, rises in support of William of
Orange, 645

Dewanni of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa
granted to the East India Company,

801

Dialogus de Scaccario, 167

Dickens, his Pickwick Papers, 940
Digby, John, Lord, his mission to Ger-
many, 497

Diocletian reorganises the Empire, 22
Dispensing power, the, claimed by
Charles II., 604; acknowledged by
the judges, 639

Disraeli, attacks Peel, 929, 930; the real
leader of the Protectionists in the
House of Commons, 931; becomes
Chancellor of the Exchequer and gives
his approbation to Free-trade, 938;
resignation of, 939: is again Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, and brings in
a Bill for Parliamentary reform, 956;
passes the second Reform Bill, 961;
becomes Prime Minister, 962; resigna-
tion of, ib. becomes Prime Minister
a second time, 966; made Earl of
Beaconsfield, 969; see Beaconsfield,
Earl of

Dissenters the, origin of their name,
585 Charles II. issues a declaration
for the toleration of, 587: Conventicle
Act against, 588; Five Mile Act
against, 590; favour of Charles II. to,
599: reception of the Declaration of
Indulgence by, 640; Toleration Act
passed in favour of, 651 ; attacked in the
Sacheverell riots, 691; passing of the
Occasional Conformity Act against,
695: the Schism Act passed against,
699 partial repeal of acts directed
against, 710; repeal of the Test and
Corporation Acts affecting, 895
Dissenting Brethren, the five, 543
Divine Right of Kings, doctrine of the,
619

Domesday Book, 111

Domestic life in Eadgar's time, 75

Domfront occupied by Henry, 119

Dominic, St., 190

Dominicans arrive in England, 191
Donald Bane made king of the Scots by
the Celts, 119

Dorchester, abandonment of the see of,

107

Dorset, Marquis of, his relations with
Richard III., 338

Douai, College at, 453
Dover, treaty of, 600

Drake, Francis, lands at Nombre de
Dios, 448; vows to sail on the Pacific

DUT

449; his voyage round the world, 450:
(Sir Francis) singes the king of Spain's
beard, 458 has a command against
the Armada, 460; pursues the Armada,
462; sacks Corunna, and fails before
Lisbon, 464; death of, ib.

Dramatic writers of the Restoration,
598

Dreux, battle of, 436

Drogheda, slaughter at, 562

Druids, character of the, 10; resist
Suetonius, 14

Drumclog, skirmish at, 620

Drummond, Thomas, his career 25
Under-Secretary in Ireland, 916

Dublin, Danish settlement in, 152; at-
tempt to seize, 533

Du Châtel, Tannegui, murders the Duke
of Burgundy, 305

Dudley, see Empson and Dudley
Dudley, Lord Guilford, marries Lady
Jane Grey, 420; executed, 423

Du Guesclin, Bernard, supports Henry of
Trastamara, 255; his mode of fighting
with the English, 256

Dunbar, Balliol defeated at, 219; battle
of, 563

Duncan, Admiral, blockades the Dutch
in the Texel, 836; defeats the Dutch
at Camperdown, 837

Duncan II., king of the Scots, 120
Dundee, Viscount, John Graham of
Claverhouse, gathers the Highland
clans for James 11., 652; killed at
Killiecrankie, 653

Dunes, the, battle of, 573
Dunkirk, Cromwell wishes Spain to place
in his hands, 571; taken from Spain
by Cromwell's troops, 573; abandoned
by Charles II., 587: France engages
to destroy the fortifications of, 696;
France regains the right of fortifying,
798

Dunkirk House, 587

Dunning carries a motion against the
influence of the Crown, 789
Dunse Law, Scottish army on, 526
Dunstable, marriage of Catharine of
Aragon annulled at, 389

Dunstan, character and work of, 65.
banished by. Eadwig, 67: becomes
Eadgar's Minister, ib.; his attitude
towards the monks, 68: supports
Eadward's succession, 78; death of, 79
Dupleix, hostile to Le Bourdonnais,
760; his career in India, 761; returns
to France, 762

Dupplin, Edward Balliol's victory at, 234
Durham, architecture of the choir and
galilee of, 171

Durham, temporary suppression of the
see of, 418: celebration of the mass in

the cathedral of, 44 mission to Can-
Durham, Earl of,

ada, 916

Dutch Republic, the, foundation of, 449 :
abolition of the Stadholderate in, 505;
war between the English Common-

987

EAD

wealth and, ib. peace with, 569; first
war between Charles II. and, 589:
military weakness of, 591; treaty of
Breda with, 593; takes part in the
Triple Alliance, 599; combination of
England and France against, 600;
towns to be taken from, ib.; the second
war between Charles II. and, 605;
resists Louis XIV., ib.; animosity of
Shaftesbury against, 606; peace made
by England with, 608; makes peace
with France at Nymwegen, 614; Marl-
borough's relations with, 678; effect of
the war of the Spanish Succession on,
697; resists the right of search, 792;
makes peace with Great Britain, 798:
receives the name of the Batavian Re-
public, 835; its fleet defeated at
Camperdown, 837

EADGAR, reign of, 67

Eadgar, king of the Scots, 121
Eadgar the Ætheling, early years of, 90;
chosen king, 98; is abandoned, 100
Eadgyth married to Eadward the Con-
fessor, 87

Eadgyth married to Henry I., 122; is
known as Matilda, 124
Eadmund Ironside, 83

Eadmund, king of East Anglia, killed
by the Danes, 58

Eadmund, king of the English, 63
Eadred, king of the English, 64
Eadward the Confessor, his life in
Normandy, 85; is chosen king, 86;
his relations with Godwine, 87; makes
William his heir, 88; dies, 91
Eadward the Elder, reign of, 62; his
relations with the Scots, 63
Eadward the Etheling, death of, 90
Eadward the Martyr, 78

Eadwig, reign of, 64; his quarrel with
the clergy, 65; his marriage and death,
67
Eadwine, king of North-humberland,
greatness of, 43; marries Ethelburh,
44 is converted and slain, 46
Eadwine, son of Elfgar, becomes Earl
of the Mercians, 90; is present at
Eadgar's election, 98; submits to
William, 102; is murdered, 103
Eadwinesburh, see Edinburgh
Ealdhelm as a builder and teacher, 51
Ealdormen, the, are the leaders of the
English conquerors, 30; preside over
the folk-moot, 33; growing power of,
73; their position under Ethelred the
Unready, 79.

Ealdred, Archbishop of York, crowns
William I., 100

Earl, title of, derivation of, 64
Earldoms under Cnut, 83; diminished

after the Norman Conquest, 105
Early English architecture, 171

East Anglia, first settlement of, 28;
growth of, 36; comparative weakness

EDW

of, 41; its relations with Ecgberht, 55;
overrun by the Danes, 58
East India Company, the, charter
granted to, 758; early acquisitions of,
ib.; receives the zemindary of the
district round Calcutta, 764; receives
the dewanni of Bengal, Behar, and
Orissa, 801; North's Regulating Act
organising the powers of, 802; bill
directed by Fox and Burke against,
806; Pitt's restrictions on, 808; com-
plete overthrow of the authority of,

954

East Saxons establish themselves to the
north of the Thames, 28; capture
London, 35; see Essex

Easter, dispute on the mode of keeping, 50
Eastern Association, the, formation
of, 539: Cromwell's activity in, 540;
Manchester in command of the army
of, 542

Ebbsfleet, landing of the Jutes at, 27;
landing of Augustine at, 39
Ecclesiastical Commission, the, esta-
blished by James II., 639; abolition
of, 644

Ecclesiastical courts, jurisdiction of, 106;
conflict of Henry II. with, 142; attacks
on, 385

Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, the, 937
Ecgberht, at the court of Charles the
Great, 53; becomes king of the West
Saxons, and over-lord of the other
kingdoms, 55

Economical Reform, bill for, 789; pass-
ing of a bill for, 795
Edgehill, battle of, 537.

Edinburgh, Eadwine builds the castle
of, 43; occupied by the Scots, 68:
burnt by Hertford, 409; treaty of, 433;
riot in St. Giles's in, 525; Montrose
executed at, 563; surrenders to Crom-
well, ib.: the Duke of Gordon holds out
in the castle of, 652; the Young Pre-
tender welcomed at, 740

Edmund Crouchback, second son of
Henry III., named king of Sicily and
Naples, 196; supposed primogeniture
of, 286

Education in the time of Ælfred, 61;
in the time of Dunstan, 65; carried on
at Oxford, 167, 207; public action of
the Melbourne ministry in providing
for, 920; Forster introduces a new
system of, 963

Edward I., appeal of the Knights Bache-
lors to, 199; taken prisoner at Lewes,
201; defeats Earl Simon at Evesham,
203; takes part in the seventh Crusade,
204; becomes king, 208; constitutional
position of, 209; his dealings with
Wales, 210; finance of, 211; judicial
reforms and legislation of, 212; ar-
ranges for a personal union between
England and Scotland, 214; erects the
Eleanor crosses, 215; awards the Scot-
tish crown to John Balliol, 216; his
relations with Philip IV., 218; sum-

EDW

mons the Model Parliament, 218; his
first conquest of Scotland, 219; grants
the Confirmatio Cartarum, 220; his
second conquest of Scotland, 221; in-
corporates Scotland with England, 222;
his third conquest of Scotland, and
death, 224

Edward II., birth of, 210; succeeds to
the crown, 224; marriage of, 225; re-
sistance of the barons to, ib.; defeated
at Bannockburn, 226; overthrows
Lancaster and effects a constitutional
settlement, 228; deposed and mur-
dered, 229

Edward III., accession and marriage of,
231; does homage to Philip VI., 232;
sets up Edward Balliol in Scotland
and begins war with France, 234;
allies himself with the Emperor and
the cities of Flanders, 235; encourages
trade, 236; is named Imperial Vicar,
237; claims the crown of France, 239;
wins the battle of Sluys, ib.; marches
through the north of France, 240;
wins the battle of Crecy, 241, 242;
takes Calais, 243; constitutional pro-
gress under, ib.; restores David Bruce,
252; makes peace with France, 253;
enters on a fresh war with France,
256

Edward IV., as Earl of March, takes
part in the battle of Northampton, 326;
wins the battle of Mortimer's Cross,
and is acknowledged by the Londoners
as king, 328; wins the battle of Tow-
ton, and is crowned, 329; marries
Elizabeth Woodville, and promotes
her kindred, 331; allies himself with
Burgundy, 332; loses and recovers
the crown, 334; invents benevolences,
335; invades France, 336; puts Cla-
rence to death, 336; death of, 337
Edward V. succeeds to the throne, 337:
lodged in the Tower, 340; deposed,
341; murdered, 342

Edward, Prince of Wales, see Black
Prince, the

Edward, Prince of Wales, son of Henry
VI., birth of, 323; slain at Tewkes.
bury, 334.

Edward, Prince of Wales, son of Richard
III., death of, 342

Edward VI., birth of, 397; accession
of, 412; precocity of, 419: death of,

420

Egypt, Bonaparte's expedition to, 837;
the French compelled to evacuate,
844 Mehemet Ali's rule of, 884; sub-
jected to the dual control of France
and England, 970; England assumes
a protectorate over, 971
Ejectors, Commission of, 569

Eldon, Lord, holds that meetings in
support of Radical reform are treason-
able, 880
Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Henry II.,
137; imprisonment of, 155; takes part
with John against Arthur, 174

Eleven Members, the, excluded from the
House of Commons, 555

to

Eliot, Sir John, attacks Buckingham,
504: compares Buckingham
Sejanus, 505; his policy compared
with that of Wentworth, 508; vind.-
cates the privileges of the House, 512;
imprisonment and death of, 514
Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.,
proposed marriage of the Dauphin to,
336; proposed marriage of Richard
III. to, 342; marries Henry VII., 345
Elizabeth, daughter of James I., inten-
tion of the Gunpowder plotters to
crown, 483: married to the Elector
Palatine, 488

Elizabeth, Queen, birth of, 392: ber
succession acknowledged, 411; sent to
the Tower and afterwards removed to
Woodstock and Hatfield, 423; acces
sion of, 428; character and policy of,
ib.; modification of the title of, 429;
plays off France and Spain against one
another, 431; hesitates to assist the
Scotch Protestants, 432; assists the
Lords of the Congregation, 433; her
ill-treatment of Catherine Grey, 435;
contrasted with Mary, Queen of Scots,
ib.; hopes to recover Calais by assist
ing the Huguenots, 436: appoints com
missioners to examine the case against
Mary, 440; detains Mary a prisoner,
and suppresses a rising in the North,
441; excommunicated by Pius V..
ib. negotiates a marriage with the
Duke of Anjou, 443; her attitude to-
wards the Puritans and towards Parla-
ment, 444: the Ridolfi plot against.
445: proposes to marry the Duke of
Alençon, 446; intervenes in Scotland
on behalf of James VI., 450; refuses
to restore Drake's plunder, 451; her
treatment of Ireland, 452; kisses the
Duke of Alençon, 454: plot of Allen
and Parsons to murder. ib.; Throg-
morton's plot to murder, 456: Ba.
bington's plot to murder, 457; hesitates
to allow the execution of the Queen of
Scots, ib. dismisses Davison, 458:
her triumph at the defeat of the
Armada, 462: allies herself with
Henry IV., 464 shows favour to
Essex, ib.; erects the Court of High
Commission, 470 sends Essex to
Ireland, 475; turns against Essex,
476; withdraws monopolies, 473.
nature of the work of, 479; death of,
480
Elizabethan architecture, 465