of Africa, all measures will prove, we fear, but palliative of the evil, which do not include as an end the civilization and elevation of the African race. The great inquiry should be, I conceive, How shall the greatest good, in the shortest time, be conferred upon the greatest number of this afflicted and injured people?"

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"I have expressed the opinion that the Colonization of free persons of color, with their own consent, in Africa, on the principles developed in the establishment and progress of Liberia, is of all plans, practicable at present, most deserving support in England and America, because of highest utility and promise to the African race.

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The history of the Colony of Liberia, though brief, is full of interest and instruction to the student of human nature, and particularly to those philanthropists who seek to civilize Africa, and elevate the minds of her children. GRANVILLE SHARP, Dr. FOTHERGILL, and their associates, had founded Sierra Leone. The rude materials with which they commenced their work, and extraordinary disasters, soon compelled them to commit the destinies of this Colony to the English Government; and though it looks out brightly and encouragingly from the African shore, it has hardly fulfilled the best hopes of its earliest friends. The Colony of Liberia owes its existence to a benevolent American Society, has no connexion with the Government, and from it has derived but occasional, and compared with that of individuals, but small aid. The wise and good men who, twenty-four years ago, organized the American Colonization Society, proposed a plan of benevolence to the African race so simple, and unobjectionable, that the citizens of the whole United States might contribute to its support, so powerful in its tendencies of good in all directions and comprehensive in its promised beneficence as to want, in theory, at least, little if any thing of perfection. The plan was, to purchase from the African chiefs a suitable and sufficiently extended territory, and to assist such bold and energetic free men of color residing in the United States, as might desire to emigrate, to found thereon a free and Christian State, which, from the nature of its institutions, the development of its principles and resources, and the discipline of its circumstances must strengthen and elevate the intellect and moral character of its citizens; by example and endeavors plant and propagate civilization and Christian doctrine in Africa; suppress the slave trade; react powerfully on America to promote emancipation by means disconnected from danger, demanded by general justice, and fraught with blessings never yet attained by it, to the liberated Africans and to their race; thus showing by experiment and demonstrating in fact, how this race may cast off the incumbrances and entanglements of their thraldom, and self-respected, because deserving praise, stand in dignity and honor before the world. It is the peculiar excellency of this plan, that for its success, reliance is mainly placed upon the ability of the descendants and people of Africa themselves, when favored in position and stimulated by high motives, to rise from their degradation, assume a national character, and secure prosperity and a name among the nations. The purpose of the Society has been to place the objects of its bounty in such a position, and supply to them such motives. Poor are the richest endowments of fortune, compared with the acquisitions of the mind. Worthless are the distinctions which others may confer upon us compared with those we may by great acts and great endurance achieve for ourselves. It has been by toil and trial, by suffering and conflict, by self-denial and self-discipline, by hazardous adventure, and often by the iron hand of necessity, that individuals and nations have ascended from weakness, obscurity and disgrace, to power and grandeur.

"Since a band of persecuted pilgrims, impelled by concern for the rights of conscience and the truths of God, first trod the icy and rock-bound coast of New England, few events of higher moral interest or sublimity have occurred than the establishment of the Colony of Liberia. Much praise is due to the Colonization Society, but far more to the heroic men of color who went forth, at the peril of their lives, with no safeguard but Providence, to plant the seeds of liberty and Christianity in the most barbarous quarter of the world, and there, far away from the arm of any civilized Government, in the face of a fierce and mighty opposition, to rear the fabric of a free, well-ordered, and religious Commonwealth. It is true that this small company of brave adventurers in the cause of their race, have been assisted by teachers and guides from among the whites, and Heaven has smiled upon them; yet it is to their own awakened energy, their industry, resolution, courage, and faith in God that we must mainly attribute their success. The world has little observed, perhaps less applauded them. Probably not one in a thousand in this metropolis has any knowledge of their existence. Yet they have founded a Republican and Christian State in Africa which promises to grow and extend itself for ages, and constituted and adapted in the whole character of its institutions and laws to kindle the individual mind, and give full play to all those intellectual and moral faculties which, nobly exercised, exalt men to greatness, may prove a central light and power to revive and renovate their country and their race.

"But to be more specific in regard to the principles embodied and developed in the Colony of Liberia.

"It is designed for a national and independent political existence. "Its institutions are republican, or in the hands of the people.

"Control over them is reserved to the people of color.

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Slavery can have no existence within the limits of the Colony.

"All transactions with the native tribes are to be conducted on principles of exact justice.

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Both law and practice are in hostility to the slave trade. “Provision is to be made for universal education.

"No preference is to be given to any religious sect, but perfect and therefore equal toleration is secured to all.

"Missionaries of all Christain denominations among the native Africans are to be countenanced and encouraged in their work.

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Colored emigrants are aided by the Society during six months after their arrival, receive donations of land, and having taken possession of the same, and cultivated a few acres, become entitled to all the privileges of citizenship.

“Various, recent, and unexceptionable testimony from sources, English as well as American, might be adduced to show how these principles, incorporated in its constitution, laws, and the manners and sentiments of its citizens, are so well adapted to make it a contented, enterprising, improving, religious community, aiding to suppress the slave-trade and to diffuse a knowledge of civilization and Christianity among the native African tribes."

AFRICAN MISSION.

Extract from a Letter of the Rev. O.K.Canfield: Monrovia, Mar. 23,1841. OUR Voyage was, from the roughness of the sea, unpleasant. We encountered three successive gales, one of which caused us to "lie to" 36 hours. We came near being wrecked on Bonavista, one of the Cape de Verd Islands, owing to the inaccuracy of the chronometer. It was a

degree and a half too far to the East, so that instead of being 30 miles to the East of the Islands, we were among them. It was night, and the atmosphere was very smoky, so that we could see only a short distance.A few minutes past 12 M., we heard a cry of "land!" Most of us went on deck. Soon there came a second cry, in a tone of fear, "breakers a-head!" In a moment, all saw and heard them. We had just time to tack. The wind at this time freshened and changed a point or two, enabling us to stand off. A few moments more, and we must have struck. The Lord directed. The skill of man was nothing. In the morning, it was found that we had passed by a narrow and dangerous channel, between the Islands of Bonavista and Sal, where many a vessel has been wrecked, and where the Captain would not have ventured in the day time.

During the voyage we have, after the second Sabbath, had regular service; one sermon and such other instruction as we could give, with morning and evening worship in the cabin. There was always good atten

dance and attention.

The Governor and colonists have received us with much kindness.During the day we are on shore, but according to our old plan, we sleep in the vessel. This plan is opposed by our friends, who wish us to remain on shore. It would be pleasant to do so, but we are afraid of taking the fever and being sick on board of the vessel.

On our arrival at this place, we found a letter from Mr. WILSON, stating that arrangements are made in anticipation of our return. He wishes us to remain in private families. This we may do for a few weeks, but fully expect to rent a house as soon as possible.

The tornado season has just commenced. night, but the days are all dry and pleasant.

It rains some during the

After adverting to some cases of sickness that were commonly attributed to peculiar exposure, Mr. C. adds :—

Gov. B. has just returned from Cape Palmas, and says that all there and at the intermediate colonies, are enjoying good health. I may be too sanguine, but I cannot yet think, that this part of the coast is peculiarly unhealthy. I hope we may be spared, should God call us away soon, from the common remark, and a true one often, "they died from their own imprudence."

Kroomen and the Kroo country are attracting more and more notice.... Since we were here, a large number of trading factories have been erected at Settra Kroo, some English, some American, and some Colonial. Their trade is desirable for palm oil and camwood..... How we may be affected by them remains to be proved. On our way down the coast, we hope to be able to call at Kroo country. The Kroomen here are very glad to see us, and tell us that all their people are looking for us. can, operations shall be commenced among them.

As soon as we

Remember us all to the Executive Committee and all friends. Your constant and fervent prayers are requested. We feel in some measure our responsibility and weakness. All the glory shall be given to God alone. CECILIA and ABRAHAM are well; CECILIA is delighted with the prospect of doing good. Our wives are happily disappointed in all that they see and hear, save the pitiable condition of the natives. The God of grace be with you.-Miss. Chronicle.

FROM Western Africa the missionaries write in language very urgent. In a recent report they say:

"Contemplating the prospects of our mission, they are cheering in all respects, except this one, the difficulty of procuring laborers. We are inadequate, totally so, to perform one-half of the labor which devolves upon us, and we are compelled to see day by day, things left undone, which it

seems highly desirable should be done. We see multitudes of our fellowbeings in the vicinity of our mission, who might, if the claims of the Gospel were faithfully addressed to their consciences, become the disciples of Jesus Christ, and heirs of everlasting glory; but who are, from the want of some one to lead them to the Saviour and point them to the road of everlasting happiness, left to grope their way in the midnight of moral darkness. These things painfully afflict our hearts, but without more help we cannot do any thing to change the prospects of the people, or to alleviate their wretchedness.

"Can not there be found men whose hearts pant to enter upon this field of labor? It seems to us highly desirable that at least seven or eight missionaries should be sent out to Africa with as little delay as possible. One or two to strengthen this mission, three to found a new station on the Ivory coast, and at least three for the country bordering on the Niger. We specify this number, not because we think it all or the half or even the tenth part of those who might be advantageously employed in building up the kingdom of Jesus Christ in this benighted land, but because it is as large a number, judging from the past, as we may reasonably expect. The field has hardly any assignable limits. We could, upon our own knowledge of the country, scanty as it is, designate locations of a most interesting character for at least one hundred missionaries, almost the whole of which must, we fear, for many a long day, remain as it has for centuries past, a scene of desolation and moral ruin.'

THE COLONIZATION CAUSE.-At a called meeting of the Board of Managers of the Colonization Society of Virginia, held at the office of JOSEPH MAYO, Esq., on the afternoon of Monday, the 2d August, 1841:—

Present-Wm. H. Macfarland, Nicholas Mills, Francis H. Deane, Joseph Mayo, Corresponding Secretary, Benjamin Brand, Treasurer, Fleming James, Recording Secretary.

On motion, WM. H. MACFARLAND was appointed Chairman.

Mr. SHEPHERD, an Agent of the American Colonization Society, addressed the meeting, stating that the Parent Society greatly desire to despatch a vessel for Liberia, to sail from Norfolk during the coming Fall with probably one hundred emigrants, and that to accomplish this important object considerable additional funds must be raised, which we hope this meeting. would contribute their aid in effecting, by taking such steps immediately as might be deemed most expedient:—

Whereupon, on motion, Wm. H. Macfarland, Nicholas Mills, Benjamin Brand, Joseph Mayo, Francis H. Deane and Fleming James were appointed a committee to wait on the Rev. Clergy of this city, and request them to preach on the subject in their respective churches at an early day, and take up collections in behalf of the Society.

The following preamble and resolution were then submitted to the meeting and adopted :

In view of the necessity which exists of raising money for the embarkation of one hundred emigrants from Norfolk early in the ensuing Autumn, Resolved, That the case presents a strong appeal to the friends of the Society, and that the Agent, Mr. SHEPHERD, now engaged in collecting the necessary funds, be recommended to the kind regard of our fellowcitizens, and that they be assured they will essentially aid the cause of Colonization, and advance one of the most interesting efforts of the Society, by making him the receptacle of their liberal contributions.

And then the meeting adjourned.

FLEMING JAMES, Secretary.

WM. H. MACFARLAND, Chairman.

METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS,

WE insert below some specimens of the weather in Liberia, It is with great reluctance that people will believe that it is not scorching hot there. The tables below, however, will convince any one who believes in figures and a thermometer, that the heat which we have lately experienced in this city is not equalled in Liberia. The instrument used in the observations was placed in the hall of the Government House, which is open at each end, and at one door receives the land, and at the other the sea, breeze.

All debts due in Pennsylvania for the Colonization Herald, and African Repository, will be remitted to Rev. J. B. PINNEY, Colonization Rooms, No. 66 South Sixth treet, Philadelphia; also all notices for discontinuances in that State.

All debts due in New York for the African Repository, will be remitted to Rev. A. PROUDFIT, D. D., New York city; also all notices for discontinuances in that State.