10 * Rodes-Rhodes, an island to which the Knights Hospitallers, now Knights of Malta, retired, on being driven out of Jerusalem.

11

Amias-probably Emaus, near Jerusalem.

12 Saynt Toncomber and Saynt Tronion-Of these saints, or places, I can give no account.

13 Saynt Bothulph-Saint Bothulph is said to have been born in Cornwall, and was eminent for working miracles about the time of Lucius. He was buried at Boston, in Lincolnshire.

14 Saynt Anne of Buckston-" Within the parish of Bacwell, in Derbyshire, is a chappel, (sometyme dedicated to St Anne,) in a place called Bucston, wheare is a hotte bathe, of such like qualitie as those mentioned in Bathe be. Hyther they weare wont to run on pilgrimage, ascribinge to St Anne miraculously, that thinge which is in that and sondrye other waters naturally."-LAMBARDE's Dictionarium, p. 48. Drayton says,

"I can again produce those wondrous wells
Of Bucston, as I have that most delicious fount
Which men the second Bath of England do account,
Which in the primer reigns, when first this well began
To have her virtues known unto the blest St Anne,
Was consecrated then."

15 Saw-see, 1st edition.

Poly Olbion, Song xxvi.

16 Hylles of Armeny, where I saw Noe's arke-" And so passe men be this Ermonie, and entren the see of Persie. Fro that cytee of Artyroun go men to an hille that is clept Sobissocolle. And there besyde is another hille that men clepen Ararathe; but the Jewes clepen it Taneez; where Noe's schipp rested, and zit is upon that montayne; and men may seen it a ferr in cleer wedre: and that montayne is wel a 7 myle highe. And sum men seyn, that thei han seen and touched the schipp, and put here fyngres in the parties where the feend went out, whan that Noe seyde, Benedicite. But they that seyen suche wordes, seyen here wille; for a man may not gon up the montayne for gret plentee of snow that is alle weys on that montayne, nouther somer ne wynter; so that no man may gon up there, ne nevere man dide, sithe the tyme of Noe, saf a monk, that, be the grace of God, broughte on of the plankes doun, that zit is in the mynstre at the foot of the mountayne."-MAUNDEVILE'S Voiage and Travaile, 1727, p. 179.

17 Saynt George in Southwarke-Formerly belonging to the priory of Bermondsey. See Stow's Survey.

18 Waltam-The famous holy Cross of Waltham, which tradition says was discovered in the following manner: A carpenter, in the reign of Canute, living at Lutegarsbyry, had a vision in the night of Christ crucified, by whom he was commanded to go to the parish priest, and direct him to walk, accompanied with his parishioners, in solemn procession to the top of an adjoining hill, where on digging they would find a cross the very sign of Christ's passion. The man, neglecting to perform the orders of the image, was visited by it a second time, and his hands were then griped in such a manner, that the marks remained some time after. He then acquainted the priest, and, as they were ordered, they proceeded to the place pointed out, where they discovered a great marble, having in it of black flint the image of the crucifix. They then informed the lord of the manor of the transaction; and he immediately resolved to send the cross first to Canterbury, and afterwards to Reading; but on attempting to draw it to these places, although with the force of twelve red oxen, and as many white kine, it was found impracticable, and he was obliged to desist. He then determined to fix it at Waltham, and immediately the wain began to move thither of itself. In the way many persons were healed of disorders; and the relick soon became much resorted to by the pilgrims on account of the miracles performed by it. LAMBARDE's Dictionarium Anglia Topographicum et Historicum, 4to. 1730, p. 431.

19 Walsyngham-"Walsingham, in Norfolk, where was anciently an image of the Virgin Mary, famous over all Europe for the numerous pilgrimages made to it, and the great riches it possessed. Erasmus has given a very exact and humourous description of the superstitions practised there in his time. See his Account of the Virgo Parathalassia, in his Coloquy, intitled, Peregrinatio Religionis Ergo. He tells us, the rich offerings in silver, gold, and precious stones, that were there shewn him, were incredible; there being scarce a person of any note in England, but what some time or other paid a visit, or sent a present, to our Lady of Walsingham. At the dissolution of the monasteries, in 1538, this splendid image, with another from Ipswich, was carried to Chelsea, and there burnt in the presence of commissioners."-See PERCY'S Reliques of Ancient Poetry, Vol. II. p. 79. Robert Longland, in Pier's Plowman's Visions, 1550, p. 1. says,

At Saynt Cornelys; 22 at Saynt James in Gales;23 | At our Lady of Boston; 25 at St Edmund's Bury; And at Saynt Wynefrede's well 24 in Walles; And streyght to Saynt Patrike's purgatory;

27

"Hermets on a heape, wyth hoked staves,
Wenten to Walsingham, and her wenches after.
Great loubies and longe, yt loth were to swinke,
Clothed him in copes to be knowen from other,
And shopen hem her mets, her ease to have."

See also Weever's Funeral Monuments, p. 131.

20 Rood-Hearne, in his Glossary to Peter Langtoft, p. 544, under the word cross, observes, that, although the cross and the rood are commonly taken for the same, yet the rood properly signified formerly the image of Christ on the cross, so as to represent both the cross and the figure of our blessed Saviour as he suffered upon it. The roods that were in churches and chapels were placed in shrines, that were styled Rood-lofts." Rood-loft," saith Blount, “a shrine, whereon was placed the cross of Christ. The rood was an image of Christ on the cross, made generally of wood, and erected in a loft for that purpose, just over the passage out of the church into the chancel." But rood-loft sometimes also signifies a shrine, on which was placed the image or relicks of a saint; because generally a crucifix, or a cross, used likewise to attend such image or relicks.

21

Dagnam-i. e. Dagenham, in Essex.

22 Saynt Cornelys-Saint Cornelys, according to the Legenda Aurea, succeeded Fabian in the papacy, and was beheaded in the reign of Decian, for refusing to sacrifice in the temple of Mars. There was a fraternity in his honour at Westminster. See their pardon, Brit. Top. I. 772.

23 Saynt James in Gales-Weever, in his Funeral Monuments, p. 17, observes, that "the Italians, yea those that dwell neare Rome, will mocke and scoffe at our English (and other) pilgrims that go to Rome to see the Pope's holinesse, and St Peter's chaire, and yet they themselves will runne to see the reliques of St James of Compostella in the kingdom of Galicia, in Spaine, which is above twelve hundred English miles." See also Dr Geddes's Tracts.

24 Saynt Wynefrede's well-Saint Wenefrede's well, near Holywell, in the county of Flint, is a spring which rises, at the foot of a steep hill, out of a rock, and is formed into a beautiful polygonal well, covered with a rich arch, supported by pillars; the roof exquisitely carved in stone; over the fountain, the legend of St Wenefrede on a pendent projection, with the arms of England at the bottom. Numbers of fine ribs secure the arch, whose intersections are coupled with some sculpture. To this place the resort of pilgrims was formerly very great; and, though considerably diminished, there are still to be seen, in the summer, a few in the water, in deep devotion, up to their chins for hours, sending up their prayers a or performing a number of evolutions round the polygonal well; or threading the arch between well and well a prescribed number of times. The legend of St Wenefrede is well known. Those who desire more information on this subject, may be referred to the Legenda Aurea, Bishop Fleetwood's Works, or Mr Pennant's Tour into Wales, p. 28.

25 At our Lady of Boston-Or Botolph's town, in Lincolnshire, where St Botolph was buried.

"Delicious Wytham leads to holy Botolph's town."-Poly Olbion, Song xxv.

26 At Saynt Edmund's Bury—“ —is named of Kinge Edmunde, whom the comon chronicles call St Edmund, or I dmund the Martyr, for Bury, is but to say a court or palace. It was first a colledge of priestes, founded by Athelstane, the kinge of Ingland, to the honour and memorye of Edmund, that was slayne at Hoxton (then called Eylesdund [or Eglesdon] as eland thinketh,) whose bones he removed thyther. The hole hystorie of this matter is so enterlaced with miracles, that Polydor himselfe (who be leaved them better than I) began to dalye with it, sayinge, that monkes were muche delighted with them.”— LAMBARDE'S Dictionarum, p. 35.

27 Saynt Patrike's purgatory-This place, which was much frequented by pilgrims, was situated on a lake called Logh Derg, in the southern part of the county of Donegall, near the borders of Tyrone and Fermanagh. It was surrounded with wild and barren mountains, and was almost inaccessible by horsemen, even in summer time, on account of great bogs, rocks, and precipices, which environed it. The popular tradition concerning it, is as ridiculous as is to be found in any legend of the Romish Martyrology. After continuing in great credit many years, it began to decline; and, in the 13th of Henry the Seventh, was demolished with great solemnity, on St Patricks day, by the Pope's express order. It, however, afterwards came into reputation again; insomuch, that, by an order of the Privy-council, dated 13th of September, 1632, it was a second time destroyed. From this period, as pilgrimages grew less in fashion, it will appear extraordinary, that the place should be a third time restored to its original state, and as much visited as in any former period. In this condition it continued until the second year of Queen Anne, when an act of the Irish Parliament declared, that all meetings and assemblies there should be adjudged riots and unlawful assemblies, and inflicted a penalty upon every person meeting or assembling contrary to the statute. The ceremonies to be performed by the pilgrims are very exactly set forth in Richardson's Great Folly, Superstition, and Idolatry, of Pilgrimages in Ireland, especially of that to St Patrick's Purgatory.Dublin, 8vo, 1727.

At Ridybone,28 and at the blood of Hayles; 29
Where pilgrymes paynes ryght muche avayles;
At Saynt Davys,30 and at Saynt Denis; 31

At Saynt Matthew, and Saynt Mark in Venis; 32
At Mayster Johan Shorne in Canterbury ; 33
The graet God of Katewade,34 at Kynge Henry 3

35

It is mentioned in Erasmus's Praise of Folie, 1549, sign. A.—“ Whereas before ye satte all heavie and glommyng, as if ye had come lately from Troponius cave, or Saint Pattricke's purgatorie."

were

28 Ridybone-i. e. Redburne, within three miles of St Alban's. "At this place," says Norden, 66 founde the reliques of Amphiball, who is saide to be the instructour and convertour of Alban from Paganisme, of whose reliques such was the regard that the abbottes of the monasterie of Alban had that they should be devoutly preserved, that a decree was made by Thomas, then abbott, that a pryor and three munckes should be appointed to this holie function, whose allowance in those dayes amounted, yearely, to twenty pound, or upwards, as much as three hundred pound in this age."-Description of Hertfordshire, p. 22. See also Weever's Funeral Monuments, p. 585.

Dr Middleton, in his Letter from Rome, says, Bishop Usher has proved that this saint never existed, and that we owe the honour of his saintship to a mistaken passage in the legend of St Alban, where the Amphibolus, there mentioned, is nothing more than a cloak.

29 Blood of Hayles-The abbey of Hailes, in Gloucestershire, was founded by Richard, king of the Romans, brother to Henry the Third. This precious relick, which was commonly called the blood of Hailes, was brought out of Germany by Richard's son Edmund, who bestowed a third part of it upon his father's abbey of Hailes, and, some time after, gave the other two parts to an abbey of his own foundation at Ashrug, near Berkhamstead. It was given out, and believed to have this property, that if a man was in mortal sin, and not absolved, he could not see it; otherwise, he might see it very well; therefore, every man that came to see this miracle, this most precious blood, confessed himself first to one of the priests there, and then, offering something at the altar, was directed to a chapel where the miracle was showed. The priest, who confessed him, in the mean time, retiring to the back part of the said chapel, and putting forth a little cabinet, or vessel, of crystal; which, being thick on the one side, that nothing could be seen through it, but on the other side thin and transparent, they used diversely, as their interest required. On the dissolution of the abbey, it was discovered to be nothing more than honey clarified and coloured with saffron ;" an unctowse gumme coloured; which, in the glasse, apperyd to be a glisterynge red, resemblyng partlie the color of blood; and, owte of the glasse, apparaunte glystering yelow colour, like ambre or basse gold."-Certificate of Visitors, printed at end of Hearne's Benedictus Abbas II, 751. 30 Saynt Davys―i. e. Saint David. Drayton, in his Poly Olbion, song xxiv. says,

"Whose Cambro-Britons so their saints as duly brought,
"To advance the Christian faith, effectually that wrought;
"Their David, (one derived of the royal British blood,)
"Who 'gainst Pelagius' false and damned opinions stood;
"And turned Menenia's name to David's sacred see,
"The patron of the Welsh deserving well to be."

See an account of him in an extract from Bale, in Godwin de Præsulibus Angliæ, p. 573. edit. 1743.-He is said to have been bishop 65 years, and to have lived 146. He died, according to some accounts, in the year 546; according to others, in the year 542. His shrine, I am informed, remains in the wall of his cathedral in Pembrokeshire.

31 Saynt Denis-St Denis, the patron of France, is said to have been the disciple of St Paul, and the first who preached the gospel to the French. The legend concerning him affirms, that after he was beheaded, near Paris, he walked four miles with his head in his hands. His body was said to be entombed very magnificently at the abbey of St Denis, to which the pilgrims used to resort.

32 Saynt Mark in Venis-At the church of St Mark, in Venice, they pretend to have the body of that evangelist, which was brought thither by certain merchants from Alexandria, in Egypt, in the year 810. Coryat says, that the treasure of this church was of that inestimable value, that it was thought no treasure whatsoever in any other place in Christendom might compare with it, neither that of St Denis in France, nor St Peter's in Rome, nor that of Madonna de Loretto in Italy, nor that of Toledo in Spain, nor any other. See Coryat's Crudities, p. 214. and The Commonwealth and Government of Venice, by Contareno, translated by Lewes Lewknor, Esq. 1599, p. 175.

33 Mayster Johan Shorne in Canterbury Who this John Shorne was, I can give no account. In the preface to The Accedence of Armorie, 4to, 1597, a story is told of one who had been called to worship in a eity within Middlesex, and who being desired by a herald to show his coat [i. e. of arms,]" called unto his mayd, commanding her to fetch his coat, which, being brought, was of cloth garded with a burgunian gard of bare velvet, well bawdefied on the halfe placard, and squalloted in the fore quarters. Lo, quoth the man to the heraught, here it is; if ye will buy it, ye shall have time of payment, as first to pay halfe in hand, and the rest by and by. And with much boste he said, he ware not the same since he came last from Sir John Shorne," &c.

34 Katewade-Catwade Bridge is in Sampford hundred, in the county of Suffolk, where there may have been a famous chapel and rood, G.

35 Henry-Herry, edit, 1569.

36 Saynt Savyour's-" In September, the same yeare, (says Weever, p. 111.) viz. an. 30. Hen. VIII. by the special motion of great Cromwell, all the notable images, unto the which were made any especiall pilgrimages and offerings, as the images of our Lady of Walsingham, Ipswich, Worcester, the Lady of Wilsdon, the rood of grace of our Lady of Boxley, and the image of the rood of Saint Saviour at Bermondsey, with all the rest, were brought up to London, and burnt at Chelsey; at the commandment of the foresaid Cromwell, all the jewels, and other rich offerings to these, and to the shrines (which were all likewise taken away, or beaten to pieces) of other saints, throughout both England and Wales, were brought into the king's treasure."

37 At our Lady of Southwele-The church dedicated to Saint Mary at Southwel, in Nottinghamshire. 38 Crome-In the county of Kent, near Greenwich.

39 Wylsdome-In Finsbury hundred, Middlesex, the chapel dedicated to St Mary. See above, note 36. 4° At Muswel-" Muswell-hill, called also Pinsenall-hill; there was a chapple sometime bearing the name of our Ladie of Muswell, where now Alderman Roe hath erected a proper house, the place taketh name of the well and of the hill, Mousewell-hill; for there is on the hill a spring of faire water, which is now within the compass of the house. There was some time an image of the Ladie of Muswell, whereunto was a continuall resort in the way of pylgrimage, growing, as is (though, as I take it, fabulouslie) reported, in regard of a great cure which was performed by this water upon a king of Scots, who being strangely diseased, was, by some devine intelligence, advised to take the water of a well in England, called Muswell; which, after long scrutation and inquisition, this well was found, and performed the cure."NORDEN'S Speculum Britanniæ, p. 36. edit. 1723. I am informed, that the mosaic pavement, and other ruins of this well and its chapel, were to be seen about twenty-five years ago.

41 Saynt Rycharde-This was probably Richard Fitznige, bishop of London, and treasurer of England,⚫ in the time of Henry the Second. His shrine was, as Weever observes, p. 714. in St Paul's church; and, as he contributed largely to the building of the church, he conjectures it to have been erected there on that account. Drayton, however, in his Poly Olbion, song xxiv. speaks of others of that name; as,

Saint Richard, and with him Saint Gilbert, which do stand
Inroll'd amongst the rest of this our mitred band."

42 Saynt Roke-Saint Roke, or Roch, was born at Montpelier, in France; and died in prison at Anglerye, in the province of Lombardy, where a large church was built in honour of him. Aurea, p. 238.

44 Assuredly-surely, 1st edit.

See Legenda 43 Obtain-obtaye, 1st edit. 45 Their-thy, 1st edit. 46 Pardoner" Pardoners were certain fellows that carried about the Pope's Indulgences, and sold them to such as would buy them; against whom Luther, by Sleydan's report, incensed the people of Germany in his time, exhorting them ne merces tam viles tanti emerent."-CoWEL.

47 Ye-you, edit. 1569.

67 I wold brynge them all to heven, as good chepe-Cheap, as Dr Johnson observes, is market, and good cheap, therefore, is bon marche. The expression is very frequent in ancient writers, as in Churchyard's Worthyness of Wales. Evans's edition, 1776, p. 3.

"Victuals good cheape in most part of Wales."

"Seeing thou wilt not buie counsayle at the first hande good cheape, thou shalt buy repentance at second hand, at such an unreasonable rate, that thou wilt curse thy hard peny worth, and ban thy hard heart.”— Euphues, 1581, p. S. "He bueys other men's cunning good cheape in London, and sels it deare in the countrey.-DEKKAR'S Belman s Night-walks, H. 4. See other instances in Mr Steevens's Note on First Part of King Henry IV. A. 3. S. 3.