The Rocks and Mountains of Cape Town

accumulate active addition Africa alien plants alteration amount ancient basin beach beach sand beds building Cape Flats Cape Fold Belt Cape Granite Cape Peninsula Cape Supergroup Cape Town area cliffs coastal continent covered deep deposits dune early Earth environment eroded erosion eventually example exposed exposures Figure flow forces Formation fossils fynbos geological Graafwater granite Group hills human impact increase indicate joints Karoo land landscape Langebaan layers less look loss magma major Malmesbury rocks mantle margin million years ago minerals move natural occur Ocean Park past period plants Point quartz recent record relatively result Rhodes Memorial Ridge rise river road sand sandstone sea level sediment seen shale similar slopes soil South species surface surrounding Table Bay Table Mountain tectonic thick types underlying uplift vegetation weathering West Coast Western