Climate Change and Tourism: Responding to Global ChallengesThis publication contains the key proceedings and technical report of the Second International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism, held in Davos, Switzerland, 1-3 October 2007. The Davos Declaration and the summary of the conference debates demonstrate a clear commitment of the tourism sector to address climate change issues, and provide concrete recommendations for actions. The extensive technical report included in this publication was commissioned to an international team of experts by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). It provides a synthesis of the state of knowledge about current and future likely impacts of climate change on tourism destinations around the world, possible implications for tourist demand, current levels and trends in GHG emissions from the tourism sector, and an overview of policy and management responses adopted by the key stakeholder groups (international organizations, public administrations, the tourism industry) with respect to adaptation to and mitigation of climate change. This publication is principally aimed at the tourism industry and government organizations at the different levels, who will have the primary responsibility of developing mitigation and adaptation strategies to respond to the challenges that global climate change will bring to the tourism sector. It also constitutes an important tool for international agencies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and financial institutions. |
Contents
Second International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism | 3 |
Climate Change and Tourism | 13 |
Resolution on Tourism and Climate Change | 19 |
Executive Summary | 25 |
Advances in Climate Change Science and Implications for the Tourism Sector | 45 |
Impacts and Adaptation at Tourism Destinations | 61 |
Implications of Climate Change for Tourism Demand | 103 |
Status and Trends | 121 |
The Way Forward to Adaptation and Mitigation in Tourism | 175 |
Methodological Note on UNWTOs Estimates on Worldwide Tourism Volumes | 181 |
Emission Calculations | 191 |
List of Abbreviations | 197 |
List of Tables | 203 |
103 | 209 |
237 | |
Mitigation Policies and Measures | 145 |
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accommodation Adaptation and Vulnerability air transport air travel aircraft Asia Assessment average aviation biodiversity biofuels business-as-usual carbon carbon offsetting Caribbean Change and Tourism climate change impacts CO₂ emissions coastal contribution coral coral bleaching developing countries domestic tourism economic emission factors emission reductions emissions from tourism emissions trading Environment estimated Europe Figure fuel GHG emissions Global Climate Change Global Environmental Change global warming Gössling greenhouse gas holiday ICAO impacts of climate increase international tourist trips IPCC long-haul markets million number of trips Online passenger policies potential projected radiative forcing reduce Reef regions Report risk same-day visitors scenario sea level rise season ski areas ski industry snow-making Stern Review Summary for Policymakers Sustainable Tourism Table temperatures tour operators Tourism and Climate tourism demand tourism destinations tourism industry tourism sector Tourism Statistics tourism transport transport modes UNWTO World Tourism World Tourism Organization